高考英语写作 第29课时 写作中高级词汇和短语的使用

教学目标 1、了解高考写作的特点和要求。2、掌握写作中的高级词汇和短语并学会使用。 星级 授课日期及时段 ★★★ 教学内容 T-写作中高级词汇和短语的使用 （建议2-5分钟） Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. → An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. →It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. 由此改写引出写作中高级词汇和短语的使用的主题。 （建议20-25分钟） 写作中高级词汇和短语的使用 一、考点扫描 关于安徽高考英语写作的评分标准第五档(21—25分)中有这样一段话:\应用了较多的语法结构和词汇;语法

结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。\这就是说,学生仅运用基础的词汇和基本的句型,不能体现出较强的语言运用能力,即使表达无语法错误,也不能得高分;相反有些错误,目的在有意识地使用复杂结构或较高级词汇,也不扣分,仍属于最高档次。高考把写作要求提到了这样一个高度,有利于反映学生的水平层次,有利于指导教学。因此要求考生在语言上做到准确和得体的同时，注重上、下文连贯和表达方式的多样化。新的评分标准提倡考生使用高级词汇和复杂句式，运用过渡性词语增强文章的连贯性。因此，运用高级词汇和复杂句式，运用过渡性词语是写作得高分的重要手段。 二、用法详解 1、使用高级词汇 使用高级词汇并不是用偏词、难词，而是一些运用得体的习惯表达方式。像access, available, annoyed, appealing, charming, cute, confused, contact, challenging, considerably, consequently, demanding, essential, exceptional, fascinated, locate, participate, quit, significant, schedule, terrific, 等单词，均可视作高级词汇。 1）用短语代替单词 典型例题 典型例题 典型例题 典型例题 典型例题 I have made up my mind to study English better this term. (同义词：decide) I have no idea how to enlarge my vocabulary. (同义词：don’t know) A burning cigarette end resulted in/led to the big fire. (同义词：cause) Since my childhood I have been fond of music. (同义词：like) We will take the matter into account(consideration). (同义词：consider) 2）善用小词 在写作中巧用、活用某些小词，常常会起到画龙点睛、四两拨千斤的作用。

典型例题 典型例题 典型例题 典型例题 2005 saw the successful launch of Shenzhou VI in China.（动词see） At the news of his death I was shocked. (名词词组at the news of) No one can enter the office without permission. They returned home, safe and sound. (形容词做状语) 3）巧用习语（idiom） 英语中有大量习语，如果运用得当，则可大大增加文章的感染力,在平时的学习过程中不断积累。 典型例题 典型例题 典型例题 典型例题 典型例题 What she explained doesn't hold water. 她的解释站不住脚。 Many families struggle to make ends meet. 很多家庭只能勉强维持生计。 I don’t know why she is always in low spirits. 我不知道她为什么总是情绪低落。 He turned a deaf ear to what I said. 他对我的话一点也听不进去。 This sentence doesn't make sense. 这个句子讲不通。 2、使用复合句 复合句可以把结构松散的句子连接起来。高考写作中用到的复合句包括下列几种： 1） 定语从句 典型例题 The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.(一般) → The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高级) 2） 状语从句 典型例题 After I enter college, I plan to set new goals in my study and improve my way of learning. 3）名词性从句 典型例题 Xiao Ming was always late for school. His teacher didn't know why. → His teacher didn't know why Xiao Ming was always late for school.

3、使用惯用句型 1）强调句 典型例题 He didn't finish his task until midnight. →It was not until midnight that he finished his task. 3） 倒装句 典型例题 I was not able to see him again until he came back from abroad. →Not until he came back from abroad was I able to see him again. 3）分词短语、由with或without引导的短语 典型例题 The driver escaped and didn't stop; he left the old man lying on the road. →The driver escaped without stopping, leaving the old man lying on the road. 典型例题 We sang and danced. We told jokes and stories. We had a good time. →We had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and stories. 典型例题 My father sat in the sofa. He was smoking and reading a newspaper. →My father was smoking in the sofa with a newspaper in his hand 4） 被动句 典型例题 We will hold the party on Saturday afternoon. →The party will be held on Saturday afternoon. 4、适当运用过渡手段 过渡词语（也称为衔接词）能起到连接句与句或段与段的中间媒介作用，如果使用恰当，就能增强文章的连贯性，使整篇文章顺畅自然，严密紧凑。 1） 表示起始的过渡词语 first of all, above all, to begin with, in my opinion, according to, as far as等 2）表示时间的过渡词语 first ,then, later, meanwhile, at last, in the end, finally, after that, since then, for the first time, as soon as, the next moment等 3）表示空间的过渡词语