河南省商丘市九校2017-2018学年高二第二学期期末联考英语试卷

of Utah used mice to do a study on the bad effects of sugar. They found it could have serious effects on people’s health seriously.

During the 58-week-long study, mice were fed a diet containing 25% more sugar. This percentage equals a healthy human diet along with three cans of soda daily. The team found that these mice were twice as likely to die as mice fed a similar diet without the sugar. Though the mice did not show signs of obesity or high blood pressure, male mice produced 25% fewer offspring (后代) than the other mice.

Scientists often use mice for research because they have a similar genetic (基因的) structure to humans. “Since most substances (物质) that are dangerous in mice are also dangerous in people; it’s likely that those physical problems that cause those mice to have increased deaths also work in people,” says the study author James Ruff of the University of Utah. Findings from this study show bad effects that are not as noticeable as weight gain or heart problems. Sugar can contribute to long-term changes in the body that can change development and even shorten lives.

Different types of sugar have different effects on the human body. Some of the sugar we consume comes from foods we might expect—candy, soda and cookies. But much of the sugar that we eat is hidden. Food companies add large amounts of sugar to items we may not classify as sweets. To help cut down extra sugar consumption, nutrition experts suggest looking at the ingredients on food packages. Cutting sugar out of the American diet altogether may be difficult. But making the effort to control our nation’s desire for sugar will avoid a sweeter future.

29. According to Paragragh 2, we can know ________. A. mice eating more sugar will live longer

B. the study on mice lasted less than a year

C. the study showed the bad effects of more sugar on mice D. mice eating more sugar will become fatter and fatter 30. Why did the scientists choose mice to do the study?

A. Because a substance may have the same effects on mice and humans. B. Because mice have a longer lifespan (寿命) than other animals.

C. Because mice take in the harmful substances easily and quickly. D. Because mice are sensitive to the sweet taste. 31. Which would be the best title for the passage?

A. Living a sweet life sugar

C. Genetic structure of humans D. Danger of too much sugar

D

Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart. They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them. Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging groceries around in baskets they had to carry.

One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.

On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention.

But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.

After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?”one shopper replied.

But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony（假冒的）customers.

As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought

B. Kids eat much more

more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.

Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart.

32. What do the underlined words “chrome-plated contraptions” in Paragraph1 refer to?

A. Baskets. B. Private cars. C. Suitcases. D. Shopping carts. 33. What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention?

A. It was to prove him to be a good inventor.

B. It was to reduce the burden of his employees’ work. C. It was to make shopping easier and attract more business. D. It was to help the disabled make shopping easily in his market.

34. Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market in order to ________.

A. attract people to buy things in his market B. encourage people to use his shopping carts C. make his market different from the others D. keep the groceries from being stolen 35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Goldman will become very famous because of his invention.

B. Goldman’s invention will be regarded as the greatest one in the world. C. Supermarket business has benefited a lot from Goldman’s invention. D. There will be nothing that can replace Goldman’s invention.

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock 36 Here is how to make one.

37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.

Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.

Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39

Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try. A. Get a sleep specialist. B. Find the right motivation. C. A better plan for sleep can help. D. And consider setting a second alarm.

E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.

F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day. G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.

第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白