21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册课后练习中英互译答案

21世纪英语读写教程 第四册 课后翻译答案 Unit1

If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an relenting drive to succeed. “There is an tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal,” he explained. “But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes. It’s a difference in degree. Greatness is built upon tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion.”

西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种持续不断追求成功的动力 人们往往认为他们具备一些超常非凡的东西，但研究表明，有的伟人并没有惊人的智力。有的只是程度上的差异而已。伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基础之上的。 He cited Winston Churchill, Britain’s prime minister during World War II, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into his office when his country’s moral was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired to nation when he said, “We should not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end… We shall never surrender.”

他举出二战时期的首相温斯顿·邱吉尔作为一个永不放弃的冒险者的典范。邱吉尔在全国上下士气最为低落的时候被推上台，并出色的领导了英国人民。在敦刻尔克的盟军1940年撤离后的讲话中，他鼓舞整个国家说，我们不会衰退，失败。我们将坚持到底……我们永远不会屈服。

1.美国人往往以从事的工作来对人们进行划分。家庭和教育背景这些特点被认为是不太重要的。 Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do. Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.

2.他决不妥协的个性是他再也无法容忍他的雇主,并最终递交了辞职书的原因。

His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.

3.如果你真想学好英语，你就必须投入大量的时间和精力，否则你就不会有任何进步。对于其他课程也可以这么说。

His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you'll go nowhere. The same can be said of other subjects.

4.有些演员的名声靠的是他们天生的美貌，但是达斯汀?霍夫曼(Dustin Hoffman) 尽管身材矮小(short stature)，还是出类拔萃，而使他与众不同的正是他精湛的演技。

Some actors fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart.

5.他负责管理之后，我们发现他与前任(predecessor)有明显的不同：他有干劲和激情，想出了很多新点子，并把工作重点放在如何鼓舞我们的士气上。

After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor. He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.

6.当邓小平宣布中国改革开放政策的时候，他被永远载入了史册。尽管障碍重重，他以不懈的努力为我国的现代化作出了永久性的贡献。

Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China's reform and opening-up policy. Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country's modernization with his unrelenting efforts.

7.为什么有人拥有天才级智商却被智商平平但很刻苦的人丢在后面？承认除了智商外，还有很多别的因素与一个人的成就有着很大的关系。

1

Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one's IQ, many other factors have much to do with one's achievements.

8.这位教师真了不起，她能在教东西之前调动学生的积极性。这并不是因为她有天赋，而是因为她只想着在课堂上吸引他们的注意力。

This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she can really teach them something. It's not that she is talented, it's that she focuses completely or drawing their full attention in class. Unit2

Some person refrain from expressing their gratitude because they feel it will not be welcome. A patient of mine, a few weeks after his discharge from the hospital, came back to thank his nurse. “I don’t come sooner,” he explained, “because I imagined you must be bored to death with people thanking you.” 一些人不愿表达感激之情，因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。我的一个病人在出院几个星期后回到医院感激他的护士。“我没有更早地回来，”他解释说，“是因为我猜想你们对于人们的感激一定厌烦得要命。”

“On the contrary,” she replied, “I am delighted you came. Few realize how much we need encouragement and how much we are helped by those who give it.” “正好相反，”她回答说，“我很高兴你来。很少有人意识到我们多么需要鼓励，我们从那些鼓励我们的人身上获得了多大的帮助。”

Gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much. For on the smiles, the thanks we give, our little gestures of appreciation, our neighbors build up their philosophy of life. 我们所给予的感激永远不会过多。因为我们身边的人在构筑他们的人生哲学时所依据的正是这些微笑、我们所表示的感激和我们表示欣赏的各种小小的示意动作。 1.他瞪眼看着约翰，对他拒绝合作感到恼怒。

He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.

2.约翰真诚的讲话表达了他对那些在他处于困境时给过他慷慨帮助的人们的感激之情。

John's sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when he was in difficulty.

3.他可说是一个集邮家。他曾经积蓄了两年去买一张珍邮这件事便是证明。

He is something of a stamp collector. The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it.

4.这些玫瑰的美丽怎么评价也不过分。他们以各种方式吸引住了所有的游客。

The beauty of these roses could not be overstated. They took/caught all the visitors fancy in one way or another.

5.起先，他理所当然地认为该地区应当多造一些公路。然而仔细计算其费用后，他在作出最后决定前又不得不重新考虑了。

At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in this area. Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision. 6.每次收到我的礼物，不管多少，我的朋友比尔决不忘记表示感谢。

Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend Bill never fails to acknowledge it.

7.那位新闻记者决定找到那对老夫妻信中提及的年轻人。那封信赞颂了年轻人为改善他们的生活条件而付出的努力。

The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple's letter, which is a tribute to the young man's effort at improving their living conditions.

8.虽然他厌烦了那些每天上门来吹嘘其产品的推销员，但他克制着没有将他们拒之门外。

2

Though he was fed up with the salesmen who knocked at his door and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face. Unit3

The normal Western approach to a problem is to fight it. The saying, “When the going gets tough, the tough get going,” is typical of this aggressive attitude toward problem-solving. No matter what the problem is, or the

techniques available for solving it, the framework produced by our Western way of thinking is fight. 一般西方人解决问题的方法是与之搏斗。 “进展越困难， 硬汉子越向前”这句话便代表了这种解决问题的积极进取的态度。 不管是什么问题，或者可以用来解决问题的方法是什么，我们西方人的思维方式产生的框架总是搏斗。

Dr. de Bono calls this vertical thinking; the traditional, sequential,

Aristotelian thinking of logic, moving firmly from one step to the next, like toy blocks being built one on top of the other. The flaw is, of course, that if at any point one of the step is not reached, or one of the toy blocks is incorrectly placed, then the whole structure collapse. Impasse is reached, and frustration, tension, feelings of fight take over.

德? 博诺医生称之为纵向思维；即那种传统的、按顺序的、亚里士多德式的逻辑思维，坚定地从一步移到下一步，就像玩具积木一块搭在另一块上。当然，它的缺点是，如果在任何时刻其中一步没有达到，或者一块积木没有放对，那么整个结构就会坍塌。事情就会陷入僵局，沮丧、紧张和搏斗的情绪就会笼罩心头。

1.汤姆因一问题而心神不宁但又一筹莫展，直到他学会以不同的策略把它解决才不心烦。 Tom was hung up on the problem but could do nothing about it until he learnt to solve it with different tactics.

2.横向思维帮助他提出了原来似乎已走进死胡同的新理论。

Lateral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which had seemed to reach a dead end.

3.我们最新的建设计划的框架已获得地方政府的批准。它是否会按时实施对这座沿海城市的发展具有极为重大的意义。

The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed by the local government. Whether it will be carried out on time is of the utmost significance to the development of this coastal city.

4.在设法寻找一个解决问题的办法的过程中，爱德华在思想上陷入了僵局，但后来他改变了观察角度，以一种完全意想不到的方式解决了问题。

While trying to find a solution to the problem, Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion. 5.许多人认为计算机机房将最终取代图书馆，想吸收新知识的学生最终将在计算机机房里学习一切。

Many people believe that computer labs will eventually take over from the libraries and students who want to take in new knowledge will end up learning everything in the computer lab.

6.昨天他的汽车几乎是迎头撞上了一辆卡车。如果他继续这样随便开车，我确信他最后一定会被送进医院的急诊室。

Yesterday his car crashed into a truck almost head-on. If he does not stop driving so carelessly, I am sure he will wind up in the emergency room of a hospital.

7.这幅画的结构设计有一个缺点。你为什么不擦掉那几条垂直线，把它简化一点呢?

There is a flaw in the structural design of the painting. Why don't you erase the vertical lines and simplify it a little bit?

8.约翰本该在很久以前就把烟戒掉了。毕竟健康对每个人来说都是最重要的。

3

John should have given up smoking a long time ago. After all, health is of the utmost importance to everybody. Unit4

When a student's work did not measure up to the teacher's expectations, as often happened, the student was not treated with disappointment, anger, or annoyance.学生的成绩达不到老师的期望是常有的事。当这种情况发生那个学生面对的不是失望、愤怒或恼怒。 Instead, the teacher assumed that this was an exception, an accident, a bad day, a momentary slip — and the student believed her and felt reassured. The next time around, he tried harder, determined to live up to what the teacher knew he could to. 相反，老师认为这是一个例外，一次意外事件，倒霉的一天，一次暂时的失误 — 而学生相信了她，并消除了疑虑。

The exact part of communication that tells a child, \to pinpoint. In part it consists of a level tone showing assurance, a lack of verbal

impatience, an absence of negative qualities such as irony, put-downs, and irritation. 很难精确地确定老师传达的信息中到底是哪一部分告诉了孩子：“我期待着最好的成绩。” 它的一部分是由显示信心的平和声调，没有言语上的不耐烦，没有讽刺、贬低和恼怒等消极因素所组成 The teacher who expects the best asks her questions with conviction, knowing the answers she gets will be right, and the child picks up that conviction. 期待着最好成绩的老师满怀信心地提问，因为她知道她得到的答案将是正确的，而孩子也感受到了那种信心

1.学校应避免仅按学生考试成绩来判别孰优孰劣并以此对待他们。相反， 好的教育体制应使每一位学生都能达到良好的水准，成为全面发展的 (well-rounded) 人。

Schools should avoid deciding who is superior only in terms of students' exam results and treating them accordingly. Instead, a good educational system should enable every student to measure up to good standards as well-rounded people.

2.大学生课后有问题时，往往在办公时间之外不容易找到老师。这是由于教师繁忙的学术研究，而不是他们对学生漠不关心。

As often as not, when college students have questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours. This is due to teachers' busy academic research, rather than their indifference to the students.

3.这个班级由40名学生组成，他们中大部分按英语水平过去常被归在中等之列。但由于这位老师从不在言辞中表露出不耐烦，学生们对他的教学方法产生了积极的反应，从而没有辜负他的期望。 This class consists of forty students, most of whom used to be labeled average in terms of English level. But as this teacher has never shown any verbal impatience, the students have reacted positively to his teaching methods and lived up to his expectations.

4.在美国，教书变得越来越难了，部分原因是学生越来越多样的种族背景以及需要另外培训才能掌握的更为复杂的教学技术。

Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the United States, due in part to the diversity of students' racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.

5.英国人经常被归类为保守型，显然这一归类带有成见。实际上，英国在民族特性方面与其他欧洲国家相比并没有太大的差异。英国人有礼貌，爱整洁，讲秩序，充满自信。

The English are, as often as not, labeled conservative. Obviously this label is prejudiced. In reality, Britain is not very different from other European countries in terms of national characteristics. The British are polite, neat, orderly and confident. 6.有些年轻人在成长过程中有着要求独立的强烈愿望。他们宁可通过自己的努力来渡过生活中的困难，也不愿意带着负罪感求助于他们的父母。

4