名词性从句语法归纳

名词性从句

一、种类：主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句

（一） 主语从句

1．定义：在复合句中充当主语功能的从句。 2．句式：2 类

A. 整个从句位于复合句的句首。 That he will come makes us happy. What we need is more time.

When he will come is still a question. Where he will go is still a question. Why he will go is still a question. How he will go is still a question. Whether he will go is still a question.

Which book he will choose is still a question. B. 形式主语it句式

It makes us happy that he will come. It is more time what we need

It is still a question when he will come. It is still a question where he will go. It is still a question why he will go. It is still a question how he will go. It is still a question whether he will go.

It is still a question which book he will choose. 注意问题

1． 引导主语从句的区别

that引导主语从句,在从句中不充当句子成分，只起到符号标志的作用，没有具体的含义，但不能省略。

What引导主语从句,在从句中充当句子成分（主语、宾语或表语），有具体的含义。 对比：

（That he will come） makes us happy.（that在从句中不做句子成分）

（What we need） is more time（what在从句中做need的宾语）

2． 表示“是否”时：A句式用whether, B句式whether 或 if 都可用，但当or not 出

现时用whether。

Whether he will come is still a question.（正） If he will come is still a question.（误）

It is still a question whether he will come. （正） It is still a question if he will come. （正）

It is still a question whether he will come or not. （正） It is still a question if he will come or not. （误） 3.主谓一致

单一个主语从句做主语当单数理解，两个主语从句并列做主语当复数理解。 (That he will come) makes us happy. (When he will come) is still a question. (Where he will go ) is still a question.

(When he will go ) and (where he will go) are still questions. 特殊对比：

(When he will go ) and (where he will go) are still questions. (When and where he will go) is still a question.

(What we need) is more time. (What we need) are more English books. 4.从句用陈述句的句子顺序： （1）that +主语+谓语+宾语

(That he will come) makes us happy. （2）特殊疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语 (When he will come ) is still a question. 5.that 不能省略

6.常见形式主语it句式 It is said that …..据说。。。。。。 It is believed that…人们相信。。。。。。

It is generally thought that…人们普遍认为。。。。。。 It is universally considered that…人们普遍认为。。。。。。 It is well-known that…众所周知。。。。。。 It is known to all that…众所周知。。。。。。

It is universally acknowledged that…众所周知。。。。。。 It is hoped that…人们希望。。。。。。 It is reported that…据报道。。。。。。 It is suggested that…建议。。。。。。 It is advised that…建议。。。。。。 It is advisable that…建议。。。。。。 It is important that…。。。。。。很重要。 It is necessary that…。。。。。。有必要。 It is impossible that…。。。。。。不可能。 It is unwise that…。。。。。。不明知。

（二） 表语从句

1．定义：在复合句中充当表语功能的从句。 2．句式：2 类 A. 位于be 动词后

This is (why he was late yesterday.)

B 位于连系动词后.

It looks (as if it is going to rain.) （常见连系动词：look看起来 smell闻起来, sound听起来 , taste尝起来, feel摸起来…）

注意问题

1． 表示“是否”用whether,不用if. 2． 从句用陈述句的句子顺序。 3． that 不能省略。

（三） 同位语从句

1.定义：在复合句中充当同位语功能的从句。 2.结构：先行词+从句

3.先行词：被解释说明或补充说明的对象。

The news （that our team had won the game ）made us excited.

先行词

4.常见先行词有：news, fact, truth, idea, conclusion, decision, suggestion, advice… 注意问题：

1． that 不能省略引导的同位语从句与引导的 定语从句的区别

The news (that our team had won the game ) made us excited.(同位语从句)（that在从句中不做句子成分）

The news( that he told us just now )made us excited.）（定语从句）（that在从句中作told的宾语） 2. 从句用陈述句的句子顺序。 3. that 不能省略。

4．which不能引导同位语从句.

（四） 宾语从句

1.定义：在复合句中充当宾语功能的从句。 2． 句式：

A. 及物动词宾语从句 ：I don’t know (what is talking about.) B. 介词宾语从句：I am in favour of (what you said just now.) C. 形容词宾语从句：I am sorry (that I was late this morning.) 3. 注意问题：

(1) 表示“是否”时：A, C句式whether, if 都可用,但or not 出现时用whether。句

式B只能用whether。

(2) 从句用陈述句的句子顺序。 (3) that 可以省略。

名词性从句专项练习100题

1. His success was because of ________ he had been working hard. A. that B. the fact which C.the fact that D.the fact

2.\A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come

C. what city does she come from

D. what city she comes from

3.________ makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever

4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job. A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got

5. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey. A. while B. that C. if D. for

6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________. A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so

7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________. A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along

8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 9. He asked me ________ with me.

A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is 10. I am sure ________ he said is true. A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what 11. When and why he came here ________ yet. A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee 12.I wonder how much ________.

A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost C. the watch costed D. the watch costs

13. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her. A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for

14.________ is no reason for dismissing her. A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late

C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late

15. They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer. A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be done C. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done

16. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.