2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题9M字部

If they are unavailable, ___31___ where they are, and then take a message.

14. mind

n.头脑，思想，思维；v.介意，关心

关联词组：make up one’s mind (to do sth.)下决心/决定（做某事）；keep/bear sth. in mind记住，把……放在心上；have sth. in mind想到……；心里已有……；change one’s mind改变主意；mind one’s own business管自己的事，别管闲事

名词用法：表示“头脑”、“思想，思维”、“心思”；常用语短语in sb’s mind在某人脑中： A plan began to form in his mind. 一个计划开始在他的头脑里形成。

Her mind is completely occupied by the new baby. 她一心扑在刚出世的宝宝身上。 动词用法：

1mind (sb./sb.’s) doing sth.介意（某人）做某事，或者mind+ that/wh-从句： ○

Don’t your parents mind you (your) staying out so late?你父母难道不介意你在外面待到这么晚吗？ 2在口语中，mind常用在特定结构中表示请求允许或表达客气，如Would (Do) you mind…你介意……吗；○

I don’t mind我不介意；never mind不要紧，没关系。例如： Do you mind if I open the window?我开开窗户好吗？

Would you mind explaining that again, please?请你再解释一遍行吗？

（2019，江苏卷，单项填空）

10.-Simon, where do you want to eat? -_______________. I eat anything.

A. I don't mind B. My Pleasure C. Good idea D. Certainly not 15. mistake

n.错误；v.弄错

词形变化：过去式mistook，过去分词mistaken

关联词组：make a mistake犯错误；by mistake错误地，由于差错

用法：作动词时，mistake常用于mistake sb./sth. for sb./sth.结构，表示“把……错当成”。例如： A woman mistook him for a well-known actor.有个女的错把他当成是某个著名演员。

词性转换：mistaken adj.错误的；弄错的；被误解的；mistakenly adv.错误地；曲解地，被误解地

（2019，北京卷，阅读B）We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way. 16. modern

adj.现代的

关联词组：modern society现代社会；modern times现代，近代；modern technology现代技术 用法：

1从时间角度，modern表示“现代的，近代的”，与过去相对： ○

Such companies must change if they are to compete in the modern world. 此类公司如果想在现代社会中与别人竞争，就必须有所改变。

2modern表示“现代化的，新式的”，与传统相对： ○

5

A lot of progress has been made with the use of modern technology. 现代科技的应用带来了很大的进步。

词性转换：modernis(z)e v.（使）现代化；modernis(z)ed adj.现代化的；modernis(z)ation n.现代

化 易混单词：model n.模特；模型，原形；模范，范例：a top fashion model顶级时装模特；a model airplane

飞机模型；role model榜样

（2019，江苏卷，阅读填空）People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. （2019，浙江卷，单项填空）

7.The instructions tell us everything ____________ about how to make the model ship. A. by hand B. by chance C. in detail D. in person 17. moment

n.片刻，瞬间

关联词组：at the moment此刻；当时；for the moment暂时，目前；for a moment片刻，一会儿；wait/just a moment等一会儿，稍等一下；one moment等一下，马上；at the last moment在最后一刻，在最后关头 用法：表示“在某一时刻”不要用介词in，而用介词at，如at this moment在此刻，at that moment在那时：

At that moment, everything stopped.那一刻，一切都停止了。

（2019，北京卷，完形）

And moments of failure like this build ___20___ —since then I’ve learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.

20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support 18. monitor

n.班长；监视器；v.监视，监控

熟词僻义：

1除了表示“班长”，monitor还可表示“监视器，显示器”，如： ○

We could watch what was happening on the TV monitor.我们可在电视监视器上观察所发生的情况。 2monitor还能作动词，表示“监视，监控”： ○

We need a better system for monitoring what is going on.我们需要一个更好的系统来监控情况。

（2019年，江苏卷，完成句子）

65.上周杰克当选为班长后，他迫不及待地把这个好消息告诉了他地妈妈。 Last week, after Jack ___________ as a monitor, he __________________to tell the news to his mother. 19. move

v.移动，搬动，搬家；打动，使感动

关联词组：move on往前走，前进；move forward向前移动，向前发展

用法：move既是及物动词又是不及物动词，可表示“（使）改变位置，（使）移动，搬动”；也可表示“搬家；迁移”。例如：

The bus was already moving when I jumped onto it.我跳上车的时候，公共汽车已经开动了。

6

They’ve moved into bigger offices in London.他们已搬往伦敦更大的办公室。 熟词僻义：move还可以表示“打动，使感动”，是及物动词，常用被动形式，如： be deeply moved深受感动；be moved to tears感动到流泪 词性转换：movement n.运动；活动

（2019年，北京卷，短文阅读）It didn't look that hard—just move your legs while you were standing. 20. murder

v.谋杀；n.谋杀

关联词组：mass murder大屠杀；commit murder谋杀 murder可以作及物动词，也可作名词，例如：

The murdered woman was well known in the area.被杀害的女人在这个地区很有名气。

On the night the murder was committed, he was out of the country.凶案发生当晚他不在国内。 词性转换：murderer n.凶手 同义词：kill v.杀害

（2019年，湖北卷，阅读B）Of course, sometimes I wonder what my students would think if they knew that their teacher was going home on the weekend to write about murders and dead bodies, but I think my parents probably did me a favor: my teaching job keeps me in touch with the real world.

7