英语单项知识的讲解与练习(58)

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（58）

286、be/ lie in ruins

（1）、be/ lie in ruins

成了废墟（用复数）；the ruin of her hopes

她的期望的幻灭（用单数）；come/ go to ruin毁灭、崩溃； bring sb to ruin使某人破产；in ruins严重损坏；破败不堪；落空；bring/ come to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产；bring ruin upon oneself自取灭亡；fall/go to ruin毁灭, 灭亡; 崩溃; 破坏掉； ruin oneself毁掉自己； （2）、destroy 表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。

（3）、ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。

（4）、damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。

（5）、harm 一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等。 练习：

①The bad weather ____ our trip.

A. ruin B. ruined C. was ruined D. was ruining ②After the earthquake, the whole city lies ___ ruins.

A. at B. on C. by D. in

③The empire ___ to ruin in the 16th century. A. arrived B. reached C. came D. was come ④His selfishness and greediness at last brought him to ___. A. ruins B. ruin C. damage D. damages ⑤His house was slightly ___ in this flood.

A. ruined B. destroyed C. damaged D. broken ⑥I was _____ by that law case. I’m a man. A. ruined; ruined B. ruined; destroying C. damaged; destroyed D. destroyed; damaging ⑦Many old temples _____ ruins are now being rebuilt. A. on B. by C. with D. in

287、run out of

（1）、run out/ give out/ use up

用完了，其主语通常为时间、食

物、金钱等名词。如：All his money has run/ given out.

（2）、run out of 用完了，表示主动含义，通常不用被动式，主语一般是人，后有某物，还有“从……流出、跑出”之意。

（3）、run down 用完、撞倒，多用于被动句。如：He was run down by a car.

（4）、run/ come across 不期而遇；run away/ off 逃跑；run into 偶然碰见、撞上；run over 匆匆看过/读过；run after 追、追赶；run

along 向前跑；run away with 摆脱某人的控制；go for a run in the car乘车去兜风； 练习：

①This machine ___ by electricity.

A. runs B. works C. is worked D. is run ②Let the motor ___ until it warms up. A. run B. move C. motion D. go

③Almost half of China was ___ by the Japanese soldiers from the year 1937 to 1945.

A. run over B. taken over C. pulled over D. pushed over ④The lecture ___ his speech before giving it. She hit the child and he ___. I have just ___ a beautiful poem in this book. A. ran off B. ran over C. run for D. run across E. ran down F. ran after ⑤She hit the child and he ___.

A. ran away B. ran away with C. ran down D. ran off

288、be satisfied with sth

（1）、sth satisfies sb某事让某人满意/满足；satisfy sb with sth因

某事而让某人满意；be satisfied to do sth对做某事感到满意；be satisfied that … 对……感到满意；satisfy oneself 确实弄明白； （2）、satisfy只用一般时态，不能用于进行时，如不能说：That

answer was satisfying (改为：satisfied) us.

（3）、satisfied 是某人因某事感到满意，某人是被动的。如：I am satisfied of his honesty/ that he is honest 我相信他是诚实的。

（4）、satisfactory 是指某事本身令人满意，某事是主动的。如：His work is satisfactory. 练习：

①What the man who you think is helpful has done is far from ___. A. satisfactory B. satisfied C. satisfaction D. satisfy ②Jane hung up the phone, ___ with the result of the talk with her boyfriend Steve about the wedding day. A. having satisfied B. satisfying C. to be satisfied D. satisfied ③He turned out to be ___ with our experiment.

A. satisfied B. satisfying C. satisfactory D. satisfiedly ④The policeman put down the phone, ___ with a smile on his face. A. satisfied B. satisfying C. to be satisfied D. having satisfied ⑤He appeared ___ with our team’s performance.

A. satisfying B. to be satisfying C. to satisfy D. satisfied ⑥How does Mike like his new work? He ___ with the hours. A. can’t satisfy B. isn’t satisfied C. doesn’t satisfy D. hasn’t satisfied

⑦Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does