综合训练词汇阅读练习题

into opportunity and strangers into friends.

\paste that helps you hang in there when the going gets tough. It is the inner voice that whispers, \can do it!\

It took years and years for the early work of Barbara McClintock, a geneticist who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in medicine, to be generally accepted. Yet she didn't let up on her experiments. Work was such a deep pleasure for her that she never thought of stopping.

We are all born with wide-eyed, enthusiastic wonder as anyone knows who has ever seen an infant's delight at the jingle of keys or the scurrying of a beetle.

It is this childlike wonder that gives enthusiastic people such a youthful air, whatever their age. At 90, cellist Pablo Casals would start his day by playing Bach. As the music flowed through his fingers, his stooped shoulders would straighten and joy would reappear in his eyes. Music, for Casals, was an elixir that made life a never ending adventure. As author and poet Samuel Ullman once wrote, \

How do you rediscover the enthusiasm of your childhood? The answer, I believe, lies in the word itself. \but an abiding sense of love -- proper love of self (self-acceptance) and, from that, love of others. Enthusiastic people also love what they do, regardless of money or title or power. If we cannot do what we love as a full-time career, we can as a part-time avocation, like the head of state who paints, the nun who runs marathons, the executive who handcrafts furniture.

Elizabeth Layton was 68 before she began to draw. This activity ended bouts of depression that had plagued her for at least 30 years, and the quality of her work led one critic to say, \tempted to call Layton a genius.\

We can't afford to waste tears on \after \

We need to live each moment wholeheartedly, with all our senses -- finding pleasure in the

fragrance of a backyard garden, the crayoned picture of a six-year-old, the enchanting beauty of a rainbow. It is such enthusiastic love of life that puts a sparkle in our eyes, a lilt in our steps and smoothes the wrinkles from our souls.

1. How important is enthusiasm in one's life according to the statement \ helps you hang in there when the going gets tough\ A) It can turn a boring drive into an adventure, extra work into opportunity and strangers into friends. B) It can motivate people to move ahead even in tough situations. C) It can help people find pleasure in their work. D) It can help old people start a career.

2. What does the underlined phrase \ A) Stop. B) Continue. C) Be strict with. D) Be careless with. 3. How can people rediscover the enthusiasm? A) They should go back to their childhood. B) They should do a part-time job. C) They should believe in God. D) They should have an abiding sense of love -- proper love of self and love of others.

4. Which statement is incorrect about Elizabeth Layton? A) She began to draw at the age of 68. B) She drew as a part-time job. C) She found enthusiasm in drawing. D) She was unsatisfied with her former work. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A) We should live each moment enthusiastically. B) We can't regret over what we have missed. C) We should learn to love others. D) We should do whatever we like.

Unit 4

Optimism and Positive Thinking

Part One Text-oriented Exercises Words and Expressions Fill in each of the blanks with one word to complete the following sentences with the help of the initial letter.

1. He made a fortune o__________, and thus all the friends' suspicions were aroused. 2. Spitting in public is really a d__________ habit, so we should get rid of it.

3. Physical exercise b__________ our health, but it does not mean that we can turn a blind eye to the negative effects exercise brings about.

4. Optimism draws our attention away from negativism and channels it into positive, c__________ thinking.

5. Police have launched an initiative to t__________ rising crime. 6. Rich does nothing but c__________ and complain all the time. 7. I'm sure there's a perfectly r__________ explanation.

8. Offshore reserves of gas and oil are not u__________, therefore we should economize on them.

9. They led a life of l__________ in a huge house in the countryside. 10. Richard's scholarship includes a very a__________ living allowance.

Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a suitable preposition or adverb. 1. He is an artist, so these economic terms are not familiar __________ him. 2. As the wages were low, there were few applicants __________ the job.

3. Our memory is limited, but our imagination is unlimited, and it feeds __________ optimism and hope.

4. He turned up at the party unexpectedly. This took me completely __________ surprise. 5. I asked her the reason for her absence, and she answered __________ hesitation. 6. It took me several minutes to figure __________ what had happened. 7. The job is great __________ terms of salary, but it has its disadvantages. 8. College students should channel their energy __________ useful activities. 9. She died after she had picked __________ some rare disease.

10. Education has a profound effect __________ the way a person thinks and acts.

There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four alternative choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 1. He is a man that can be easily ______ from his work. A) distracted B) abstracted C) extracted D) disregarded 2. The speaker is a well-known scholar, so I anticipate ______ much from the lecture. A) to derive B) derive C) deriving D) derived 3. I've told you what the situation is; you must act ______. A) therefore B) accordingly C) consequently D) frequently 4. I am not very familiar ______ botanical names, which is beyond the scope of my study. A) to B) on C) upon D) with 5. It is known to all that metals ______ when they are heated.

A) expand B) extend C) expound D) expend

6. If you say that an action is ______ someone, you mean that it is not a nice thing to do and someone with their reputation or position should not do it. A) unworthy B) worthy of C) unworthy of D) worthy 7. As an efficient manager, he ______ streamline the plant organization.

A) endeavor B) endeavored to C) endeavored D) is endeavoring

8. While people may refer to TV for the latest news, it is unlikely that television sets ______ the newspaper completely.

A) replace B) have replaced C) are replacing D) will replace

9. Sir Williams, who is 80, has made it known that much of his collection ______ to the local museum.

A) is left B) had been left C) is being left D) is to be left 10. They ______ him out of hospital till he's completely recovered.

A) are not letting B) didn't let C) have not let D) will not let Read the following two passages carefully. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Read

the passages carefully and decide on the best choice for each question or unfinished statement. (Reading in Depth) Passage One

According to psychologists, an emotion is aroused when a man or animal views something as

either bad or good. When a person feels like running away from something he thinks will hurt him, we call this emotion fear. If the person wants to remove the danger by attacking it, we call the emotion anger. The emotions of joy and love are aroused when we think something can help us. An emotion does not have to be created by something in the outside world. It can be created by a person's thoughts.

Everyone has emotions. Many psychologists believe that infants are born without emotions. They believe children learn emotions just as they learn to read and write. A growing child not only learns his emotions but learns how to act in certain situations because of an emotion.

Psychologists think that there are two types of emotions: positive and negative. Positive emotions include love, liking, joy, delight, and hope. They are aroused by something that appeals to a person. Negative emotions make a person unhappy or dissatisfied. They include anger, fear, despair,

sadness, and disgust. In growing up, a person learns to cope with the negative emotions in order to be happy. And if a person has the ability to tackle negative emotions so that he is not affected

terribly by the unhappiness and dissatisfaction, he will live a better life.

Emotions may be weak or strong. Some strong emotions are so unpleasant that a person will try any means to escape from them in order to feel happy. The person may choose unusual ways to avoid the emotion. They may choose drinking alcohol or even taking drugs to make them forget the sadness. However, sometimes, the excessive ways of escaping only result in tragedy.

Strong emotions can make it hard to think and to solve problems. They may prevent a person from learning or paying attention to what he is doing. For example, a student taking an examination may be so worried about failing that he cannot think properly. The worry drains valuable mental energy he needs for the examination.

1. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to _______. A) explain how emotions function B) show how people avoid the negative emotions C) explain how many kinds of emotions people have D) define and classify emotions

2. According to the passage, an emotion is created by something _______. A) one thinks bad or good B) one thinks helpful C) one faces in the outside world D) one thinks will hurt

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A) Children learn emotions as they grow up. B) Babies are born without emotions. C) Emotions fall into two types in general, weak and strong. D) People can cope with the negative emotions in life.

4. The underlined word \ A) stops B) ties C) weakens D) flows gradually 5. We can safely conclude from the passage that _______. A) dealing with difficulties is one of man's inborn ability

B) a student may fail in an exam if he cannot pay attention to it

C) it is the events happening in the material world that create a person's emotions

D) in order to avoid such unpleasant strong emotions as anger, fear, despair or sadness, people may try to escape from them Passage Two

Positive thinking is a lot more than blind faith -- and its power over people's lives is awesome. Optimists fare better than pessimists in almost every respect of life, often achieving more and enjoying greater social success. Optimistic people are also less susceptible to depression and physical illnesses. Says psychology professor Martin E.P. Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania, \

Psychologists believe optimism and pessimism are habits we learn as children, and our parents are our role models. When a water pipe broke and flooded your new home, did your father lament, \would be in perfect condition, so I'll have the builder fix the plumbing and replace the damage\\works:

The pessimist believes bad events stem from permanent conditions (\