2019-2020学年人教版高一英语单元测试卷：必修1 Unit 1 (解析版)

Unit 1

第一节 阅读理解

A

Nine months ago, I was packing my daughter's backpack with new school supplies, wondering how I was going to send her off to kindergarten. I stood on the playground, tears pouring down my face because I wasn't ready for this first day of kindergarten — but she was ready. Today I will be standing on the

playground, once again with tears, because this precious time went by too quickly. This week I realized that I never told you “thank you”. I don't know how to express a mother's thanks in the way a teacher deserves.

We first met you at the open house the week before school started and I immediately knew you would be the type of teacher we would appreciate forever. While the students lined up for the day, you touched each one on the shoulder as you greeted them. If a student was having a tough morning, you quietly held his hand and walked him into the school.

I got to know you as I volunteered in the lunch room. You made sure your students were all ready for lunch before you went on your own lunch break. You kept track of their big things and small things, because as a veteran kindergarten teacher, you know that the small things are the big things. I loved the way you made each student feel special. You helped them fall in love with school, which is so important at the start.

To all of the teachers in the world who are like you, I wish you knew how grateful parents are for you. We adore you, respect you, and appreciate you. We don't tell you enough — we probably don't tell you ever. I wish we could take you with us to the next 12 grades.

体裁：记叙文 题材：家校关系 主题：感激师恩

【语篇解读】 本文主要描述了一位幼儿妈妈表达对幼儿园老师的感激。 1．Why did the author's tears come down on her daughter's first day of kindergarten? A．She hadn't made full preparations for her daughter. B．Her daughter wasn't willing to go to kindergarten. C．She felt worried about her daughter's being away. D．Her daughter wasn't familiar with the teachers. 【答案】C

【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I stood on the playground, tears pouring down my face because I wasn't ready for this first day of kindergarten — but she was ready”可知，作者落泪的原因是自己心里未做好面对孩子离开自己去上幼儿园的事实的准备。故C项为正确答案。根据第一段首句中的“Nine months ago, I was packing my daughter's backpack with new school supplies”可知，作者对孩子入园前的各项物品的准备是充分的，故A项错误；B、D两项均为无中生有。

2．The author noticed the teacher's characteristics when ________. A．she stood on the playground B．she was at the open house

C．she said goodbye to the teacher D．she worked as a teacher at lunch time 【答案】B

【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段首句“We first met you at the open house the week before school started and I immediately knew you would be the type of teacher we would appreciate forever”可知，在开学前一周的校园开放参观日当天，作者就看出了孩子的老师将会是自己永远感激的人。

3．What does the underlined word “veteran” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Beautiful. B．Generous. C．Skillful. D．Humorous. 【答案】C

【解析】考查词义猜测。根据第三段的内容可知，老师关注孩子们的大小事，并且深知幼儿园无小事。由此可推知，这是一位经验丰富的幼儿教师，故画线词与C项“熟练的”词义相近。A项意为“美丽的”，B项意为“慷慨的”，D项意为“幽默的”，均与语境不符。

4．What is this text mainly about? A．Good wishes to a kindergarten teacher. B．Sincere thanks to a kindergarten teacher. C．A sweet memory of kindergarten life. D．A kid's daily behavior in the kindergarten. 【答案】B

【解析】考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文是一位幼儿妈妈表达对老师的感激，故选B项。A项“对幼儿园老师的美好祝愿”，C项“幼儿园生活的美好回忆”，D项“一个孩子在幼儿园的日常行为”，均与文意不符。

B

It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon Rain Forest. Without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长目动物). Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat. Without competition, Columbus wouldn't have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.

The friendship, like all relationships between two people, involves competition. It isn't competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes. Perhaps the ecological definition — the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light — better explains it.

As in nature, high school life is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened version of Darwin's theory of evolution, overpopulation, and competition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place. In high school, friendship coexists with competition even though at times the relationship is rough. In fact, in some circumstances, competition is too

much of a burden for friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a student's fate is determined not only by these achievements, but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve similar recognition.

Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork. Healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendship apart. Yet, despite all this, without competition, we would be lost.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。

【难句分析】It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon Rain Forest.

分析：that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon Rain Forest是真正的主语，而It作形式主语；whether... or...意为“不管是……还是……”。

译文：很显然，无论是在美利坚合众国还是在亚马孙热带雨林，竞争围绕着人类生活的各个方面。 5．What does the ecological definition mainly explain? A．How friends compete with each other. B．How to win the competition. C．What the result of competition is. D．What competition exactly is. 【答案】D

【解析】考查细节理解。分析第二段最后—句“Perhaps the ecological definition — the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light — better explains it”可知，该句的主干是Perhaps the ecological definition better explains it，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“competition”。两个破折号之间的内容解释“the ecological definition”。句意：两个或者更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光——这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争(的含义)。故选D项。

6．According to the author, what causes the high school students to compete? A．The number of them is too large. B．Friendship is a burden for them. C．They know the laws of nature well. D．They are divided into different groups. 【答案】A

【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生

了。故选A项。

7．Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition? A．Friendship is always based on competition. B．The degree of competition is vital to friendship. C．Competition is terribly harmful to friendship. D．Competition is a result of lost friendship. 【答案】B

【解析】考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendship apart”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂。因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选B项。

C

I think it was October, 1982. A friend had business dealings in the city of Reno, Nevada, and I was asked to accompany her on an overnight trip. While she conducted her business, I was aimlessly wandering down Virginia Street, heading into a most gloriously beautiful sunset. I had an urge to speak to someone on the street to share that beauty, but I couldn't make eye contact with anyone. Quickly I ducked into a department store and asked the lady behind the counter if she could come outside for just a minute. She looked at me as though I were from some other planet and said，“Well...” Surprisingly, she followed me out.

When she got outside I said to her, “Just look at that sunset! Nobody out here was looking at it and I just had to share it with someone.”

For a few seconds we just looked. Then I said, “God's in his heaven and all's right with the world.” I thanked her for coming out to see it and sharing the beauty.

Four years later my situation had changed considerably. I had come to the end of a twenty-year marriage. I was alone and on my own for the first time in my life. One day, while my clothes were going around, I picked up a Unity Magazine and read an article about a woman who had been in similar circumstances. She had come to the end of a marriage, moved to a strange community, and the only job she could find was one she disliked: cosmetic sales in a department store. We had a lot in common.

Then something happened to her that changed everything. She said a woman came into her department store and asked her to step outside to look at a sunset. The stranger had said “God's in his heaven and all's right with the world，”and she had realized the truth in that statement and that she simply had not been seeing it. From that moment on, she turned her life around.