大学英语四级写作指南

（10）间接开头法 常用的句型有：

People often say that…, but I think it is not true.

Some people say /believe / hold the view /claim / suggest that… Others criticize ./ point out / maintain / argue that…

Nowadays it is universally / generally admitted / acknowledged / accepted / held that…

7．结论段的写作

（1） 重述或总结主题

重述主题指于结论处以另外一种表达方式重申主题，与首段照应。

例如：Influence on Young Adults一文的开头段是：The process of growing up is very complex for every person. Among countless factors which influence a person’s growth, there are two conspicuous aspects: the family and the friends.

结尾段：Families offer us warmth and care. Friends give us strength and horizon. They both help us understand the world as it is. Both of them are the dearest parts in our life.

（2） 提出建议

例如：Since postcards do us more harm and good, since we have many other ways to convey our feelings and promote our friendship, I hope everyone will take actions now to stop using postcards.

（3） 概括总结

例如：To sum up, in order to keep the respectable life, the students ought to behave well according to the four rules mentioned above: 1. be ambitious; 2. be broadminded; 3. be brave; and 4. be honest.

（4） 引用名人名言

例如：In particular, I enjoy what Francis Bacon said \and for ability.\

（5）提出预测和希望

例如：In a word, TV advertisement, I think, are a newborn thing in the development of our economy, of course, there is much room for improvement in the TV ads. I believe the TV ads will benefit both the advertisers and consumers.

8. 写作的最后校对和复查

全篇短文写好之后，必须留出五分钟对短文进行校对复查，这是确保英文写作不出差错或少出差错、取得高分的最后机会。校对与复查的重点应围绕下列问题。

(1) 英文短文内容是否紧扣文章主题？离开主题的句子不管写得多么漂亮都必须

删除，否则就要被扣分。切忌离题。 (2) 开头段能否概括全文？开头段是否太长？

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(3) 文章的主体部分是否有段落中心句？有无细节？其他句子是否围绕段落中心

句？句子之间是否相互联系？ (4) 结尾段能否总结全文？

(5) 全文的句子开头有无变化？句型有无变化？有无句法、用词、拼写和语法方面

的错误？如有这类错误，须及时改正。应在紧扣主题的前提下，想尽一切办法消灭所有的错误，因为各种错误都可能导致大量扣分。

9．套用句型

用于文章或段落开头：

（1） Faced with …, quite a few people argue that …, but other people conceive differently. （2） With the development of …, vast changes await this country’s society.

（3） There is a general discussion today about the issue of … Those who object to … argue

that … . They believe that … But people who favor …, on the other hand, argue that… （4） Currently there is a widespread concern that…

（5） Now it is commonly held that … But I doubt whether…

（6） Recently the issue of … has been brought to public attention.

（7） One of the great men once said that … Now more and more people share this belief. （8） Until recently, … Has been regarded as … But people are taking a fresh look at it. （9） These days we are often told that …. But is this really the case? （10） There is no denying / doubt that… 用于比较性和驳斥性的议论：

（1） The advantages of A are much greater than B.

（2） Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages too.

（3） Although A enjoys considerable advantages over … , it cannot compete with B in …. （4） Although everyone believes that …. I wonder whether the argument bears much analysis. （5） Contrary to widely accepted views, I believe… （6） There is in fact no reason for us to believe that…

（7） Although it is commonly held that …, it is unlikely to be true that …

（8） There is an element of truth in these statements, but they ignore a deeper and more

important fact that… （9） What these people fail to consider is that …

（10） 10. In all the discussion a debate over… one important fact is generally overlooked. 用于解释和阐述性的议论文：

（1） Among the most convincing reasons given by people for… one should be mentioned. （2） One may think of the trend as result of …

（3） The change in … largely results from the fact that…

（4） There are several causes for this significant growth in … First … Second, … Finally… （5） A number of factors could account for the development in…

（6） What are / do …? For one thing… For another … And the primary reason is … （7） The reasons for … are complicated, and probably they are found in the fact…

（8） It is no simple task to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon, which involves

many factors. （9） Different people look at … in different ways.

（10） Sth… for a number of reasons. First of all… Secondly … Finally…

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用于描写图表和数据：

（1） In 1995, it increased / rose from 7 to 15 percent of the total.

（2） By comparison with 1989, it decreased / fell from 15 to 7 percent. （3） … increased / decreased by 10 percent over the last year.

（4） The figure / percentage has nearly doubled / tripled as against that of last year. （5） It has increased / decreased almost 2 and half times, compared with… （6） It accounts for 25 percent of the total.

（7） … is less than / more than 20 percent of the total number of … （8） The rate was 20 per thousand, more than one fourth of … 用于论证和说明：

（1） We may cite / quote / take a single / common example to illustrate… （2） A recent study indicates / suggests / shows that…

（3） According to the statistics provided by …, it can be seen that… （4） There is a good / sufficient evidence to show that… （5） This brings out / set forth the important fact that … （6） No one can ignore / overlook the fact that…

（7） Let’s take an example / some examples to illustrate…

（8） I can think of no better illustration of the idea / view than the fact that… （9） It is clear / well-known that …

（10） Our society abounds with the examples of … 用于文章结尾：

（1） From what has been discussed about… Taking into account all these factors, we may

safely arrive at / draw / come to / reach the conclusion that… （2） It is high time that we put considerable / great / special emphasis on …

（3） We must look for an immediate method, because the present situation of … if permitted

to continue, … will lead to / result in … （4） Many solutions / methods are being offered here, all of them make some sense, but none

is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way. （5） There is no immediate solution to the problem of … but … might be helpful / beneficial. （6） No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of …, but the general awareness of

the necessity / importance of … might be the first step on the right way. （7） There is little doubt / denying that…

（8） It is, therefore, obvious / evident that the task of … require immediate attention. （9） As far as… be concerned, I believe / think that… （10） In conclusion…

常见写作主题参考观点

节选自《大学英语四级精讲精练·写作篇》（林明金 主编，清华大学出版社）

Admission 入学

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﹥﹥相关问题：Rumors are that graduate schools favor people applying from their own college. Is this your impression? Is it fair? Why?

﹥﹥参考观点：

1. This unfair phenomenon does exist on campus. The postgraduate entrance exam includes two

parts: the written exam and the interview. The unfairness often shows up in the interview process. If two students get the same marks, the one from the university being applied to is more likely to be accepted. The reason is that professors tend to think students from their own schools are able to adapt to their teaching styles easily, which is important for setting up mutual understanding to work and study together.

2. I don't think tutors prefer students from their own colleges. They only want to choose people

who are familiar. When we go shopping, we are likely to buy brands that are familiar to us for we know their quality and service better. When it comes to postgraduate enrollment, it's the same. So if you want to be a postgraduate, first make yourself known to your tutor!

3. I myself may serve as proof against those rumors. As a student in Dalian, I have been

accepted by Nankai University as a postgraduate student. What's worth mentioning is that I had neither guidance from any professor at Nankai nor special materials from former schoolmates. Rumor is rumor. It'll never affect those with a strong motivation who work hard. 4. I don't think it's unfair. I firmly believe that excellent students will be accepted by other

schools. The only reason that applicants are refused is that they are not outstanding enough. Therefore, the most important thing that applicants should emphasize is effort rather than complaint.

5. As an applicant for next year's postgraduate entrance exam, I believe the exam is just and fair.

Nevertheless, due to the rumors, some examinees spend lots of time to get to know their potential professors. The phenomenon also causes a serious social problem — people would rather believe in so-called personal relationships than in actual ability.

6. Frankly speaking, it's not fair. But colleges that don't engage in \play\will eventually

suffer from student homogeneity and low performance of the whole school. In this sense, transparency is needed to encourage undergrads to go to other schools so as to improve the competitiveness of the educational institutions.

7. As a postgraduate, I had the experience of being discriminated against. But there is no

absolute fairness at all in the world. The only way to make your wish come true is to work harder to make you more \Advertisement广告

﹥﹥相关问题：Do Advertisements Play a Positive or Negative Role in Our Society? ﹥﹥参考观点：

1. Advertisement can be a service to people. First, it is informative, and can help people buy and

sell goods. Second, it can widen people's knowledge, and make people more experienced. Lastly, people can enjoy themselves through those programs which advertisements have been put into.

2. Some advertisements, however, are not very useful to people, sometimes even harmful. An

advertisement like this, for example, may put thousands of women and girls into trouble. Disillusioned with life, love, marriage? You need help. Phone me.\

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