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eer ei/ey eu/ew在 j l r s后 ie/ei[s]音之后 oa oar/oor oi/oy oo [i] [ei] [i:] [ju:] [u:] [i:] [ou] [:] [i] [u:] [u] [au] [ou] [] [u:] [:] pioneer deer beer eight neighbour they either key new few newspaper flew brew jewelry piece field receive coat Joan boat goal roar board door floor noise point boy toilet broom food tooth school book look cook foot good flower house count down know row throw though young country enough group you soup course your four our hour ours journey fluid suicide tuition 6-14 6-15 6-16 6-17 6-18 6-19 6-20 6-21 6-22 6-23 6-24 6-25 6-26 6-27 6-28 6-29 6-30 6-31 6-32 6-33 ou/ow our ui 在j l r s后 [au] [:] [ju:i] [u:] juice fruit suit 七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 元音字组或字群 ai/ay ei/ey ow 读 音 [i] [ou] 例 词 Sunday foreign monkey yellow sparrow tomorrow 编 号 7-01 7-02 7-03 7-04 7-05 7-06 7-07 7-08 7-09 7-10 元音字组在非重读音节中读[]音或[i]。 例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion -sion在元音字母后 -tion在s后 -sten -stle -sure -ture 八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 [n] impression nation [n] [[sn] [sl] [[vision decision occasion listen whistle n] question suggestion ] pleasure measure ] picture culture 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。 8-01 5
例如: everyday[ei] handbag[?] blackboard[:] 有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。 例如: sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 > breakfast[] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[:] > cupboard[] 碗柜 九、辅字组的读音 辅字组 b c c在e前或在i/y前 ch -ck d -dge dr- f g g在e i/y前 gh gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中 h j k 读 音 [b] [/] [k] [s] [] [k] [[k] [d] [] [f] [] [f] [/] [] [h] [/] [] [k] bike bus bag bomb tomb cake picture coat music face decide cinema much chick rich teacher school headache chemistry cock pocket black knock doctor bread hand day bridge fridge five four breakfast orange large German cough enough light daughter high guess league dialogue hot head house hand hour honest jeep jar joke join July kind bike skate make week 6
8-02 例 词 编 号 9-01 9-02 9-03 9-04 9-05 9-06 9-07 9-08 9-09 9-10 9-11 9-12 9-13 9-14 9-15 9-16 9-17 9-18 9-19 9-20 9-21 9-22 ] machine Chicago [dr] children driver drink [] bag gardon go [w] language anguish kn- l m -mn n n在[k] [g]音前 -ng p ph q qu- r s在词首或清辅音前 元音字母间或浊辅音前 sc- sh t在通常情况下 在弱读字母ia ie io前 tch th在通常情况下 在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther中 tr- v w wh- wh-在字母o前 x 在重读元音前 wr- y- z 十、英语语音名词解释 [n] [l] [m] [m] [n] [] [] [p] [f] [k] [r] [s] [z] [s] [] [t] [] [] [] [] [v] [w] [/] [w] [h] knife know knock life milk school tall monkey come autumn autumn column solemn not shine ten note uncle thank hungry morning young wrong paper plane pig ship pen elephant photo telephone Iraq red rubber ruler sit sleep desk music husband muscle science she fish shirt wash ten letter meet patient nation watch the these with than clothe father weather very voice love leave week win wake sweet wait answer two what when white why who whose whole 9-23 9-24 9-25 9-26 9-27 9-28 9-29 9-30 9-31 9-32 9-33 9-34 9-35 9-36 9-37 9-38 9-39 9-40 9-41 9-42 9-43 9-44 9-45 9-46 9-47 9-48 9-49 9-50 9-51 9-52 9-53 9-54 9-55 9-56 [kw] quality quite [sk] scarlet [θ] thin thirty method [tr] tree train country truck [ks] box text exercise [gz] examle exist exact [r] [j] [z] write yes yard yellow young puzzle zero zoo 1.音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音7
0-01 不响亮,不能单独构成音节([m] [n] [] [l]例外)。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。 2.音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。 例如:let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter ②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音,则辅字组属于前面一个音节。 例如:长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther 短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er 3.重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 0-02 0-03 4.开音节 ①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret. 0-04 ②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these bike home ex-cuse. 5.闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如:bag egg fish not cup 6.双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。 例如:′stu-dent ′Chi-na ′sec-ond ′au-tumn in-′deed 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如: a′bout be′fore ex′cuse re′pair for-′get-ful in-′ven-tor 7.多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。 例如:′el-e-phant con-grat-u-′la-tion 词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如:scien′tific im′pression ′nation
字母、字组和字群 元音字母
元字组
元音字组
字 组 字母指的是二十六
辅音字母 辅字组 个字母。字母是构成英
辅音字组
文书写的最小单位,英
语单词中的字母和单词读音中的各个音素并不存在对应关系。
0-05 0-06 0-07 字组指的是一个或几个字母在起,发一个共同的音素。字组是英语单词发音的基本单位,通常一个字组对应该一个音素。字组分为元字组和辅字组两种。
字群是指几个字组在同一个音节里发两个以上的音素。(如:-tion -sion -sten -stle -ought) 为什么要在字母的基础上引入字组的概念呢?
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