2014届高三英语大一轮复习单元知识练习 Book 3 Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars Word版含解析

2019届高三英语大一轮复习单元知识练习

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars

Ⅰ.单项填空

1．Dr.Peter Spence，________ headmaster of the school，told us，“________ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

A．/；A B．/；The C．the；The D．a；A 答案 A

解析 句意为：彼得·斯宾塞博士，即学校的校长告诉我们：“这里五分之一的学生会继续在牛津和剑桥大学学习。”Dr.Peter Spence与其后的headmaster of the school是同位关系，表示官职的名词前应使用零冠词。表示分数时，其分子可用冠词a或one。 2．Tom has agreed to let me use his car, and________I’m treating him to a good dinner at the newly-built restaurant just around the corner.

A．in charge B．in place C．in return D．in turn 答案 C

解析 考查介词短语的辨析。in charge负责，掌管；in place在适当的位置；in return作为回报；in turn反过来。句意为：汤姆同意让我用他的车，作为回报，我要在拐角处新开的饭馆请他好好吃一顿。

3．The computer system________suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.

A．broke down B．broke out C．broke up D．broke in 答案 A

解析 考查动词短语辨析。break down 出故障；break out(战争、火灾等)爆发；break up 解散，分手；break in 闯入。句意为：他在网上查找信息时电脑系统突然坏了。 4．The school has developed an online system________students can choose their own teachers. A．which B．when C．that D．where 答案 D

解析 考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为system，且在从句中作状语，故用where引导。

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句意为：学校研发了一个网络系统，在这一系统中学生可以选择自己的老师。 5．The meeting was held in a lively________and everybody felt free to share his ideas. A．atmosphere B．weather C．situation D．phenomenon 答案 A

解析 考查名词词义辨析。atmosphere气氛，氛围；weather 天气；situation情形，状况；phenomenon现象。

6．The manager had fallen asleep where he________，without undressing. A．was laying B．was lying C．had laid D．had lied 答案 B

解析 考查时态。lay放置；搁；产卵，其过去式、过去分词为laid，laid；lie 躺，其过去式、过去分词分别为lay，lain；lie说谎，其过去式、过去分词为lied，lied。句意为：经理没脱衣服就在他躺着的地方睡着了。

7．Newly-born babies are good sleepers.The amount of their sleep is________that of adults. A．several times larger than B．a few times the size of C．as several times as D．a few times deeper than 答案 A

解析 考查比较级的用法。倍数的表达法之一是“倍数＋比较级＋than”，句子主语为the amount，表示数量，故应用large 或small来修饰，故A项正确。句意为：新生婴儿睡眠很好。他们的睡眠时间是成年人的好几倍。 8．A policeman was ________ him outside the house. A．watching out B．watching on C．watching over D．watching for 答案 C

解析 watch over监视，符合语境。watch out当心，注意；watch on关注，注意；watch for注意，当心。

9．—I’m not good at singing，you know. —________It’s just for fun.

A．Don’t say so. B．Come on.

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C．What a pity! D．Cheer up. 答案 B

解析 考查情景交际。Don’t say so.不要这样说。不符合情景交际的特点；Come on得了吧；来吧；What a pity！真可惜！真遗憾！Cheer up振作点。答语句意为：来吧！我们只是玩。

10．—Sorry, I’m late for work.

—Is that________you got stuck in a traffic jam again?

A．why B．how C．because D．when 答案 C

解析 考查句型的辨析运用。This/That/It is because...那是因为……，从句表示原因；This/That/It is why...那就是……原因，从句表示结果。由语境可知C项正确。句意为：——对不起，我上班晚了。——那是因为你又遇上了交通堵塞吗？

11．In a modern society full of fierce competitions，______ a person does is not always the same

as ________ he says.

A．what；what B．what；that C．that；that D．that；what 答案 A

解析 这是一个由what引导的主语从句和宾语从句构成的复合句。what分别在这两个从句中作does和says的宾语。that引导名词性从句只起引导句子的作用，在所引导的名词性从句中不作任何成分。

12．Earth is a rocky planet where there is liquid water，which is necessary for life to ________.

A．come B．exist C．stand D．happen 答案 B

解析 后半句句意为：水的存在是生命存在的必要条件。exist vi.存在；生存，符合题意。

13．We should respect others________others will respect us.

A．so that B．in case C．for fear that D．now that 答案 A

解析 考查状语从句的连接词。so that 因此，以便于；in case 以防，万一；for fear that

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担心；now that 既然。句意为：我们应该尊重他人，这样他人才会尊重我们。 14．—I was disappointed when I failed again.

—Don’t be so discouraged.You’ll be successful ________. A．for some time B．at one time C．on time D．in time 答案 D

解析 根据答语句意“别那么灰心，你迟早会成功的。”可知应选in time。

15．________is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special

gift.

A．It B．As C．That D．What 答案 D

解析 引导一个主语从句，在从句中作句子的主语，所以用what。句意为：明显正确的(做法)就是，给所有的孩子提供平等发展特殊才能的机会。 Ⅱ.完形填空

It may be difficult to understand non-verbal messages because different cultures have different expectations about eye contact，physical __1__，body gestures，etc.

Let’s consider eye contact.Children from many Latin American and Asian __2__ show respect by avoiding the glance of important persons.A teacher who’s __3__ with this，however，might consider the lack of eye contact as a sign of __4__.For many American Indian children，__5__ a teacher in the eye and answering her question in front of the class is “showing off”．

Culture greatly __6__ attitudes towards physical contact，whether it’s a handshake，hug，or pat on the back.In Asia，female friends __7__ hold hands and men casually(随便地) hug one another as they walk down the street.Americans，however，may feel __8__ with such public behavior.In some Asian cultures，affectionately patting a(n) __9__ head is strictly taboo(禁忌的)，__10__ it can be acceptable behavior between adults and young children. How __11__ should people stand to each other when they’re having a conversation？In areas of the Middle East and South America，people stand very close when __12__.European Americans like to have __13__ distance between them，while some African Americans __14__ even more space.You can __15__ great discomfort by standing too close to another person.Not being __16__ of this can even prevent someone from understanding or __17__ the ideas you’re trying to get across.

To create a positive environment for communication，your non-verbal message must closely __18__ your verbal message.One way to do this is to carefully observe how children and families 第 4 页