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(5)上义词复现。上义词具有概括的作用。在篇章中，有时为了表达的需要，作者会先概述，再分述。概述时用的为上义词，分述则用比较具体的下义词，两者为总分关系。如：

Other times, he would join student groups to discuss a variety of _______: agriculture, diving and mathematics. A. questions B. subjects C. matters D. contents

[解析] 冒号后自然是对上文的解释，从解释的内容来看，三者统一于一个概念之下，即都属subjects。故答案为B。 2．同现

同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一句话或同一语篇中，以确保语篇的和谐性、得体性。由于单词意义的差别、所使用的语境不同，因此所使用的上下文也各有差异。

(1)场所同现。如：

On _______ days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves. A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy

[解析] 有“heavy clothes”，“woolen gloves”就有“snowy days”，所以“厚棉衣”“羊毛手套”和“雪天”是场所同现或情况(背景)同现，故选D。 (2)修饰同现。如：

Although these wide modern roads are generally _______ and well maintained, with little sharp curves and many straight ________, a direct route is not always the most enjoyable one.

A. stable B. smooth C. splendid D. complicated

A. selections B. separations C. series D. sections

[解析] 本题涉及到形容词和名词的修饰同现。与高速公路同现的形容词自然应该是“平坦”，有高速公路同现的名词自然有“路段”。由此来判断可知，第一空答案为B，第二空答案为D。 (3)因果同现。如：

“Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest _______ I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps ahead of me when she crossed the finishing line.

A. cheer B. shout C. cry D. noise

[解析] 句中Hooray, runner, finishing line 和 cheer, shout 为因果同现词汇，都为体育赛跑比赛中所用的词汇，尽管选项中有shout 一词，但由下文“two laps ahead of me when she crossed the finishing line”可知，cheer“喝彩声”最为贴切，故选A。 (4)结构同现。如：

Sometimes he would invite a student to a game of chess. _______, he would join student groups to discuss a variety of subjects: agriculture, diving, mathematics.

A. As a matter of fact C. Other times

B. Later on

D. In general

[解析] 如果考生熟悉 sometimes与 other times 结构上的同现关系，就可立即选定正确答案为C。

(5)同义同现。如：

If a student has problem with classroom work, the student should either _______ a professor during office hours or make an appointment. A. greet B. attach C. approach D. annoy

[解析] 根据同义同现， make an appointment就是approach(接近)老师的一种方式，所以选C。注意，同义同现是同义词出现在同一句子