冲压外文翻译 - - - 中英文对照全套论文

software such as with parametric, feature-based, all relevant characteristics, so that mold concurrent engineering possible. 另外，Cimatran公司的Moldexpert，Delcam公司的Ps-mold及日立造船的Space-E/mold均是3D专业注塑模设计软件，可进行交互式3D型腔、型芯设计、模架配置及典型结构设计。 In addition, Cimatran company Moldexpert, Delcam's Ps-mold and Hitachi Shipbuilding of Space-E/mold are professional injection mold 3D design software, interactive 3D cavity, core design, mold base design configuration and typical structure . 澳大利亚Moldflow公司的三维真实感流动模拟软件MoldflowAdvisers已经受到用户广泛的好评和应用。 Australian company Moldflow realistic three-dimensional flow simulation software MoldflowAdvisers been widely praised by users and applications. 国内有华中理工大学研制的同类软件HSC3D4.5F及郑州工业大学的Z-mold软件。 China Huazhong University of Science have developed similar software HSC3D4.5F and Zhengzhou University, Z-mold software. 面向制造、基于知识的智能化功能是衡量模具软件先进性和实用性的重要标志之一。 For manufacturing, knowledge-based intelligent software function is a measure of die important sign of advanced and practical one. 如Cimatron公司的注塑模专家软件能根据脱模方向自动产生分型线和分型面，生成与制品相对应的型芯和型腔，实现模架零件的全相关，自动产生材料明细表和供NC加工的钻孔表格，并能进行智能化加工参数设定、加工结果校验等。 Such as injection molding experts Cimatron's software can automatically generate parting direction based parting line and parting surface, generate products corresponding to the core and cavity, implementation of all relevant parts mold, and for automatically generated BOM Form NC drilling process, and can intelligently process parameter setting, calibration and other processing results. （3）模具软件应用的网络化趋势 (3) mold software applications, networking trend

随着模具在企业竞争、合作、生产和管理等方面的全球化、国际化，以及计算机软硬件技术的迅速发展，网络使得在模具行业应用虚拟设计、敏捷制造技术既有必要，也有可能。 With the mold in the enterprise competition, cooperation, production and management, globalization, internationalization, and the rapid development of computer hardware and software technology, the Internet has made in the mold industry, virtual design, agile manufacturing technology both necessary and possible. 美国在其《21世纪制造企业战略》中指出，到2006年要实现汽车工业敏捷生产/虚拟工程方案，使汽车开发周期从40个月缩短到4个月。 The United States in its \manufacturing / virtual engineering solutions to automotive development cycle shortened from 40 months to 4 months. 2、模具检测、加工设备向精密、高效和多功能方向发展 4.2 mold testing, processing equipment to the precise, efficient, and multi-direction

（1）模具检测设备的日益精密、高效 (1) mold testing equipment more sophisticated, efficient 精密、复杂、大型模具的发展，对检测设备的要求越来越高。 Sophisticated, complex, large-scale mold development, testing equipment have become increasingly demanding. 现在精密模具的精度已达2～3μm，目前国内厂家使用较多的有意大利、美国、日本等国的高精度三坐标测量机，并具有数字化扫描功能。 Precision Mould precision now reached 2 ~ 3μm, more domestic manufacturers have to use Italy, the United States, Japan and other countries in the high-precision coordinate measuring machine, and with digital scanning. 如东风汽车模具厂不仅拥有意大利产3250mm×3250mm三坐标测量机，还拥有数码摄影光学扫描仪，率先在国内采用数码摄影、光学扫描作为空间三维信息的获得手段，从而实现了从测量实物→建立数学模型→输出工程图纸→模具制造全过程，成功实现了逆向工程技术的开发和应用。 Such as Dongfeng Motor Mould Factory not only has the capacity 3250mm × 3250mm Italian

coordinate measuring machine, also has a digital photography optical scanner, the first in the domestic use of digital photography, optical scanning as a means of spatial three-dimensional access to information, enabling the establishment from the measurement of physical → model output of engineering drawings → → the whole process of mold making, reverse engineering a successful technology development and applications. 这方面的设备还包括：英国雷尼绍公司第二代高速扫描仪(CYCLON SERIES2)可实现激光测头和接触式测头优势互补，激光扫描精度为0.05mm，接触式测头扫描精度达0.02mm。 This equipment include: second-generation British Renishaw high-speed scanners (CYCLON SERIES2) can be realized and contact laser probe complementary probe, laser scanner accuracy of 0.05mm, scanning probe contact accuracy of 0.02 mm. 另外德国GOM公司的ATOS便携式扫描仪，日本罗兰公司的PIX-30、PIX-4台式扫描仪和英国泰勒·霍普森公司的TALYSCAN150多传感三维扫描仪分别具有高速化、廉价化和功能复合化等特点。 Another German company GOM ATOS portable scanners, Japan Roland's PIX-30, PIX-4 desktop scanner and the United Kingdom Taylor Hopson's TALYSCAN150 multi-sensor, respectively Three-dimensional scanner with high speed, low-cost and functional composite and so on.

（2）数控电火花加工机床 (2) CNC EDM

日本沙迪克公司采用直线电机伺服驱动的AQ325L、AQ550LLS-WEDM具有驱动反应快、传动及定位精度高、热变形小等优点。 Japan Sodick linear motor servo drive using the company's AQ325L, AQ550LLS-WEDM have driven fast response, transmission and high positioning accuracy, the advantages of small thermal deformation. 瑞士夏米尔公司的NCEDM具有P-E3自适应控制、PCE能量控制及自动编程专家系统。Switzerland Chanmier company NCEDM with P-E3 adaptive control, PCE energy control and automatic programming expert systems. 另外有些EDM还采用了混粉加工工艺、微精加工脉冲电源及模糊控制(FC)等技术。 Others also used the powder mixed EDM machining technology, micro-finishing pulse power and fuzzy control (FC) technologies.

（3）高速铣削机床(HSM) (3) high-speed milling machine (HSM) 铣削加工是型腔模具加工的重要手段。 Milling is an important means of cavity mold. 而高速铣削具有工件温升低、切削力小、加工平稳、加工质量好、加工效率高(为普通铣削加工的5～10倍)及可加工硬材料(<60HRC)等诸多优点。 The low-temperature high-speed milling with the workpiece, cutting force is small, smooth processing, processing quality, processing efficiency (for the general milling process 5 to 10 times) and can process hard materials (<60HRC) and many other advantages. 因而在模具加工中日益受到重视。 Thus in the mold processing more and more attention. 瑞士克朗公司UCP710型五轴联动加工中心，其机床定位精度可达8μm，自制的具有矢量闭环控制电主轴，最大转速为42000r/min。 Ruishikelang company UCP710-type five-axis machining center, machine tool positioning accuracy up to 8μm, home-made closed-loop vector control spindle with a maximum speed 42000r/min. 意大利RAMBAUDI公司的高速铣床，其加工范围达2500mm×5000mm×1800mm，转速达20500r/min，切削进给速度达20m/min。 Italy RAMBAUDI's high-speed milling, the processing range of up to 2500mm × 5000mm × 1800mm, speed up 20500r/min, cutting feed speed of 20m/min. HSM一般主要用于大、中型模具加工，如汽车覆盖件模具、压铸模、大型塑料等曲面加工，其曲面加工精度可达0.01mm。 HSM generally used large, medium-sized mold, such as motor cover mold, die casting mold, large plastic surface machining, the surface precision up to 0.01mm.

4.3、快速经济制模技术 3 rapid economic modeling techniques

缩短产品开发周期是赢得市场竞争的有效手段之一。 Shorten the product development cycle is an effective means of market competition to win one. 与传统模具加工技术相比，快速经济制模技术具有制模周期短、成本较低的特点，精度和寿命又能满足生产需求，是综合经济效益比较显著的模具制造技术，具体主要有以下一些技术。 Compared with the traditional mold process, fast economic modeling technology is a short molding cycle, the characteristics of low cost, precision, and life can meet the production needs, overall economic efficiency is more significant in the mold manufacturing technology, specifically the following main technology. (1)快速原型制造技术(RPM)。 (1) rapid prototyping and manufacturing (RPM). 它包括激光立体光刻技术(SLA) ；叠层轮廓制造技术(LOM) ；激光粉末选区烧结成形技术(SLS) ；熔融沉积成形技术(FDM) 和三维印刷成形技术(3D-P)等。 It consists of three-dimensional laser lithography (SLA); laminated profile manufacturing (LOM); laser powder sintering prototyping (SLS); Fused Deposition Molding (FDM) and three-dimensional printing forming technology (3D-P) and so on.

(2)表面成形制模技术。 (2) the surface forming tooling. 它是指利用喷涂、电铸和化学腐蚀等新的工艺方法形成型腔表面及精细花纹的一种工艺技术。 It refers to the use of spray, chemical corrosion, electroforming and new method for the formation of the cavity surface and a fine pattern technology.

(3)浇铸成形制模技术。 (3) Casting forming tooling. 主要有铋锡合金制模技术、锌基合金制模技术、树脂复合成形模具技术及硅橡胶制模技术等。 There are bismuth tin alloy tooling, zinc alloy tooling, resin composite forming technology and silicon rubber mold molding technology.

(4)冷挤压及超塑成形制模技术。 (4) cold extrusion mold technology and ultra-molded shapes. (5)无模多点成形技术。 (5) multi-point forming technology.

(6)KEVRON钢带冲裁落料制模技术。 (6) KEVRON steel blanking blanking tooling.

(7)模具毛坯快速制造技术。 (7) mold blank rapid manufacturing technology. 主要有干砂实型铸造、负压实型铸造、树脂砂实型铸造及失蜡精铸等技术。 Mainly dry sand Mold Casting, Vacuum Mold Casting, Resin Sand Mold Casting Lost Wax Casting, and other technologies. (8)其他方面技术。 (8) Other aspects of technology. 如采用氮气弹簧压边、卸料、快速换模技术、冲压单元组合技术、刃口堆焊技术及实型铸造冲模刃口镶块技术等。 Such as the use of nitrogen gas spring pressure side, discharge, quick die technology, stamping unit technology, and cutting edge technology and solid surfacing edge inserts die casting technology.

4.4、模具材料及表面处理技术发展迅速4 mold materials and surface treatment technology developed rapidly 模具工业要上水平，材料应用是关键。 Industry to the level of mold, material application is the key. 因选材和用材不当，致使模具过早失效，大约占失效模具的45%以上。 Due to improper selection and use of materials, causing premature die failure, which accounts for more than 45% failure die. 在模具材料方面，常用冷作模具钢有CrWMn、Cr12、Cr12MoV和W6Mo5Cr4V2，火焰淬火钢(如日本的AUX2、SX105V(7CrSiMnMoV)等；常用新型热作模具钢有美国H13、瑞典QRO80M、QRO90SUPREME等；常用塑料模具用钢有预硬钢(如美国P20)、时效硬化型钢(如美国P21、日本NAK55等)、热处理硬化型钢(如美国D2，日本PD613、PD555、瑞典一胜白136等)、粉末模具钢(如日本KAD18和KAS440)等；覆盖件拉延模常用HT300、QT60-2、Mo-Cr、Mo-V铸铁等，大型模架用HT250。多工位精密冲模常采用钢结硬质合金及硬质合金YG20等。在模具表面处理方面，其主要趋势是：由渗入单一元素向多元素共渗、复合渗(如TD法)发展；由一般扩散向CVD、PVD、PCVD、离子渗入、离子注入等方向发

展；可采用的镀膜有：TiC、TiN、TiCN、TiAlN、CrN、Cr7C3、W2C等，同时热处理手段由大气热处理向真空热处理发展。另外，目前对激光强化、辉光离子氮化技术及电镀(刷镀)防腐强化等技术也日益受到重视。 In the mold material, commonly used cold work tool steel with CrWMn, Cr12, Cr12MoV and W6Mo5Cr4V2, flame hardened steel (such as Japan, AUX2, SX105V (7CrSiMnMoV), etc.; used a new type of hot work die steel American H13, Sweden QRO80M, QRO90SUPREME, etc.; used a pre-hardened plastic mold steel (such as the U.S. P20), age-hardening steel (such as the U.S. P21, Japan NAK55, etc.), heat treatment hardened steel (such as the United States, D2, Japan, PD613, PD555, Sweden wins the White 136, etc.), powder die steel (such as Japan KAD18 and KAS440), etc.; panel drawing die used HT300, QT60-2, Mo-Cr, Mo-V cast iron, large-scale mold with HT250. more regular use of Precision Die Hard Steel Results YG20 and other alloys and carbide. in the mold surface treatment, the main trends are: the infiltration of a single element to the multi-element penetration, complex permeability (such as TD method) development; by the general diffusion to the CVD, PVD, PCVD, ion penetration , the direction of ion implantation, etc.; can use the coating are: TiC, TiN, TiCN, TiAlN, CrN, Cr7C3, W2C, etc., while heat from the air treatment means to the development of vacuum heat treatment. In addition, the current strengthening of the laser, glow plasma Nitriding and electroplating (plating) enhanced anti-corrosion technologies are also more and more attention.

5、模具工业新工艺、新理念和新模式逐步得到了认同 4.5 mold industry new techniques, new ideas and new models have been gradually recognized

在成形工艺方面，主要有冲压模具功能复合化、超塑性成形、塑性精密成形技术、塑料模气体辅助注射技术及热流道技术、高压注射成形技术等。 In the forming process, the main function of composite stamping die, superplastic forming, plastic precision molding technology, plastic mold gas-assisted injection technology and hot runner technology, high-pressure injection molding technology. 另一方面，随着先进制造技术的不断发展和模具行业整体水平的提高，在模具行业出现了一些新的设计、生产、管理理念与模式。 On the other hand, with the continuous development of advanced manufacturing technology and raise the level of mold industry as a whole, in the mold industry, there are some new design, production, management ideas and models. 具体主要有：适应模具单件生产特点的柔性制造技术；创造最佳管理和效益的团队精神，精益生产；提高快速应变能力的并行工程、虚拟制造及全球敏捷制造、网络制造等新的生产哲理；广泛采用标准件通用件的分工协作生产模式；适应可持续发展和环保要求的绿色设计与制造等。 Concrete are: to adapt to the characteristics of mold-piece production flexible manufacturing technologies; to create the best management and effective teamwork, lean production; to enhance rapid response capabilities of Concurrent Engineering, Virtual Manufacturing and global agile manufacturing, manufacturing of new production networks philosophy; extensive use of standard parts common parts of the division of work mode of production; meet the environmental requirements of sustainable development and green design and manufacturing.

总结 Summary

进入21世纪，在经济全球化的新形势下，随着资本、技术和劳动力市场的重新整合，我国装备制造业在加入WTO以后，将成为世界装备制造业的基地。 The 21st century, in the new situation of economic globalization, with capital, technology and labor market re-integration of equipment manufacturing in China after joining the WTO will become the world's equipment manufacturing base. 而在现代制造业中，无论哪一行业的工程装备，都越来越多地采用由模具工业提供的产品。 In the modern manufacturing industry, no matter which industry, engineering equipment, are increasingly used to provide the products from the mold industry. 为了适应用户对模具制造的高精度、短交货期、低成本的迫切要求，模具工业正广泛应用现代先进制造技术来加速模具工业的技术进步，满足各行各业对模具这一基础工艺装备的迫切需求。 In order to meet the user's high-precision mold manufacturing, short delivery time, the urgent demand low-cost, mold industry is extensive application of modern advanced manufacturing technology to speed up the mold industry, technological progress, to meet the basic sectors of the mold process equipment urgent needs.