中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练(2)

中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练 中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换对应表

短暂性动词 arrive at(in)get to/reach come/go/move to. come back//go back/ return come out/go out become close open(v) get up die leave fall asleep/get to sleep finish/end marry/get married begin/start borrow buy put on catch/get a cold get to know have/has gone to join the league/the Party/the army 延续性动词 be in /at be back be out be be closed be open(adj.) be up be dead be away from be asleep be over be married be on keep have wear have a cold know have/has been in be a member/members of; be in 现在完成时 have been in /at have been back have been out have been have been closed have been open have been up have been dead have been away from have been asleep have been over have been married have been on have kept have had have had a cold have known have been a member/members of; have been in 语法讲解：

1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以和以 for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“how long”提问的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。例：

He has been away from Beijing for two years. = He left Beijing two years ago. When did the train arrive here? B. How long ____ the train ____ here?

2.在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例： Lucy has come back.

The old man died 4 years ago. = The old man has been dead for 4 years.

He has been away from Beijing for two years. = He left Beijing two years ago. = It is two years since he left Beijing. = Two years has passed since he left Beijing.

3.非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for，since引导的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如： She hasn’t bought any new clothes since last year. I haven’t borrowed the book for a long time.

巩固习题：

1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in

3. The factory ________ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened 4. Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become 5.The meeting _______ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 6.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught 7.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became 8. I ______ home for a week.

A. have returned B. have been back C. returned 9. How long _______ he ________ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead

10. ----- How long can I ______ the book? ------ Two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep 11.He ________ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had

12.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been 13.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown.

A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from 14.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take

15.The bus ______ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been

16. Tom is ill in hospital. He _______ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had 17.He ________ for 2 hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up

二、英语书面表达专项训练

2． 朋友是我们生活的组成部分，他们总是在我们最需要帮助的时候陪伴我们。你最好的朋友是谁？你是怎么看待你们的友谊的？请以“My Best Friend ”为题，根据以下提示写一篇英语短文。

1. 简要介绍你最好的朋友的外貌和性格; 2. 介绍和你朋友之间发生的一件令人难忘的事； 3. 你是怎样看待你们之间的友谊的 要求：

1. 语句连贯通顺，文章衔接紧密 2. 词数80-100

3. 文中不得出现真实校名及姓名

Friends are very important in our life. They always help us when we are in need.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My best friend

Friends are very important in our life. They always help us when we are in need. Everyone needs friends to talk with and get confidence from.

My best friend is Jenny. She is a quiet girl. She is always friendly and helpful. She is a tall girl with long hair. She does well in all the subjects and gets on well with others at school.

I was weak in maths. One day, I failed in maths exam. I was so sad that I couldn’t help crying. Jenny encouraged me a lot. From then on, she helped me with my maths, With her help, I got an A in the next maths exam. I was really thankful to her.

I think friendship is a necessary part of our lives. I want to keep our friendship forever. 【解析】 【详解】

试题分析：这是一个提纲作文。题目给出了标题及写作要点。根据题目要求可知，人称以第三人称为主。时态为一般现在时和一般过去时。我们要做的就是用正确的英语句子来组织这些材料，在描写外貌和性格时，会用到系表结构，注意主谓一致关系。介绍发生的一件难忘的事情，要用到一般过去时态。另外在写作时可以适当使用一些连词，使之上下连贯，合乎逻辑。 【点睛】

人物介绍是记叙文中常见的一种写作类型。内容可以是介绍自己也可以介绍他人，包括姓

名、年龄、外貌特征、兴趣爱好，有时也可以包括日常活动。时态为一般现在时态。在介绍长相时用“be+形容词”来描述人物的身高、体重、身材等；用“have/has + (straight/curly) hair / (big/small) eyes/nose/mouth”来描述头发或五官。用“wear + 某种衣服”来介绍某人的穿戴。用be good at doing sth.来介绍特长，用like sth./doing sth.best或“My/His/her favorite + 名词+ is …”来介绍某人的最爱。当主语是第三人称单数时，注意主谓一致关系。

3．从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写．．．．作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 题目①

假如你是李华，本周六龙湖公园将举办端午节游园活动。你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter和你一起参加，请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他你们见面的时间、地点，在那儿可以做些什么以及他需要做什么准备。

提示词语: meet, take part in, the dragon boat race, make Zongzi, camera… 提示问题:

When and where are you going to meet? What can you do there?

What do you advise Peter to prepare? Dear Peter, How is it going?

This Saturday is the Dragon Boat Festival. There will be a lot of interesting activities in Longhu Park. I’m writing to invite you to go there with me.

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua

题目②

“我们都在努力奔跑, 我们都是追梦人。”有梦想就有目标, 有希冀才会奋斗。某英文网站正在开展以“We Are All Dreamers”为主题的征文活动, 假如你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿。谈谈你的梦想是什么？你为什么会有这样的梦想？为了实现你的梦想, 你打算怎么做？ 提示词语：want to be, like, study hard, come true... 提示问题：● What's your dream and why? ● What will you do to make your dream come true? 【答案】例文：Dear peter, How is it going?