非谓语动词2

听见了声音，他们立刻静了下来。

Having finished the work there ( = After we had finished the work there ),we moved to another place .

完成了那儿的工作之后，我们迁到了另一个地方。 Being ill ( = As he was ill ),he couldn't go to work .（原因） 因为生病，她不能上班。

Seriously injured (=As he was seriously injured), Black was taken to hospital. （原因）

由于受了重伤，布莱克被送往医院。

Not knowing what to do ( = As he didn't know what to do ), he turned to the teacher for help. （原因）

由于不知该怎么办，他请老师帮忙。

Having lived in Beijing since childhood ( =As he has lived in Beijing since childhood ), he knows the city very well. （原因）

因于从童年时代就生活在北京，他对北京非常熟悉。

Given more time ( = If I had been given more time ), I could have done it better. （条件）

给我更多的时间，我会把它做得更好。

Once seen ( = Once it is seen ) , it can never be forgotten. （条件） 一旦见过它，就难以忘记了。

( If ) left outside in winter, water can be changed into ice .（条件） 冬天，如果把水放在外面，它就会变成冰。

Though raining heavily , it cleared up very soon .（让步） 虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。

He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces .（结果）

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他把杯子掉了，摔得粉碎。

Her husband died, leaving her with two children .（结果） 丈夫去世了，留下她带着两个孩子。

Granny sat in an armchair, watching TV .（伴随） 奶奶坐在椅子上看电视。

John went into the room, followed by a group of children .（伴随） 约翰走进屋子，后面跟着一群孩子。 He came running towards me .（方式） 他朝我跑来了。

分词（短语）作结果状语，表谓语动作导致的必然结果，不定式作结果状语，表示主语未预想到或出乎预料的结果。

例如：He cut off the electricity, preventing an accident happening .

他切断电源，防止了一场事故的发生。

He hurried to the station only to be told the train had left . 他匆忙赶到车站，结果有人告诉他火车已经离站了。

分词作状语，其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致，不然的话，应在分词前加上逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。

例如：Time permitting, I'll do another two exercises .

如果时间允许，我将再做两个练习。 The shower being over, we walked on . 阵雨过后，我们继续赶路。

There being no students in the classroom , Tom turned off the light and locked the door .

因为教室里没有学生了，汤姆关了灯并锁了门。 He rushed out of the room , his face covered with sweat .

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他满脸是汗地跑出房间。

All books returned at the end of the term, the library assistant was satisfied .

期末时，所有的书都还了，图书管理员很高兴。

有的分词短语，句子主语不是它的逻辑主语，也不自带主语，名为“独立成分”或“悬垂分词”。

例如：Judging from ( by )his appearance, he must be an actor .

从外表看，他一定是个演员。

Generally speaking, girls are more careful . 一般说来，女孩子更细心。

Considering he has just starte, he knows guite a lot about it . 考虑到他是刚刚开始，他对此的了解已经不少了。 Talking of Jim, have you heard that he's getting married ? 说到吉姆，你听说他要结婚了吗？

Supposing ( that ) it rains, can we play the match indoors ? 要是下雨的话，我们在室内比赛行吗？ 6、不定式、分词作补语

常用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask , tell , force , oblige , allow , permit , forbid , wish , want , expect , like , encourage , beg , invite , advise , persuade , order , warn , request , cause , get , remind , urge 等。

例如：We won't allow such things to happen again . 我们不会让这样的事情再发生。 Please remind me to write tomorrow . 请提醒我明天写信。

He wants the letter to be typed at once .

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他想把这封信马上打印出来。

The teacher encouraged us to study another foreign language . 老师鼓励我们再学一门外语。 You must get your friends to help you . 你必须让你的朋友帮你。

动词see , hear , watch , notice , feel , observe , listen to , look at , let , make, have 后用不定式作宾补不带to ，但被动句中应带to . 例如：I didn't hear anyone say anything about it .

我没听人说过这事。

She felt someone pat her on the shoulder . 她感到有人拍她的肩膀。

We saw him cross the street safely and run away . 我们看见他安全穿过街道，跑掉了。 Someone was heard to come upstairs . 听到有人上楼来了。

下列动词后也可用不定式作宾补，但多为“to be ＋形容词”有时也用think , consider , believe , suppose , know , find 不定式的完成式，这类动词有：等。

例如：They found the answer ( to be ) quite satisfactory .

他们对答复感到很满意。

we consider this ( to be ) very important . 我们认为这非常重要。

Some people think him ( to be ) a possible future champion . 有些人认为他可能是未来的冠军。 He's believed to be the richest man in Europe .

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人们认为他是欧洲最大的富翁。

The old temple is supposed to have been built 500 years ago . 人们猜想这座古庙是五百年前建的。 help后不定式作宾补，可带 to ,也可不带to . 例如：Will you help me ( to )carry the heavy box ?

你能帮我抬一下这个重箱子吗？

常用分词作宾补的动词有：see , hear , feel , watch , notice , find , get , keep , leave , have , make , catch , observe 等。作宾补的分词与宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系时，用现在分词，是逻辑上的动宾关系时用过去分词。 例如：He kept the car waiting at the school gate . 他让小汽车在校门口等着。

I could feel the wind blowing on my face from the open window . 我能感觉到风从那扇开着的窗户吹到我的脸上。

I noticed Jack's car parked outside . 我注意到杰克的汽车停在外面。

He had his left leg injured while playing football . 他踢足球时，左腿受伤了。 I had the computer repaired . 我请人把电脑修好了。

Can you get(have)the work done on time? 你能按时完成那项工作吗？

I found my hometown completely changed . 我发现家乡全变了。

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