语法之英语中的否定形式

语法之英语中的否定形式

英语中的否定形式有两种，一种是用否定词或含否定意义的句型来表达，称为显性否定；另一种是无明显的否定词，其否定意义通常要通过上下文或语境来进行判断。此外，在某些情况下，为了加强否定含义，可以将某些否定词从其正常位置移至句首，引起句子倒装。以下主要通过否定词的分类来介绍一下英语中的否定形式。

1、显性否定词

主要包括：no,never,not,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere,without, Neither,nor,neither....nor,on no account,in/under no circumstances等

I was sorry not to have seen them.我很遗憾没有见到他们 Never have I been there.我从未去过那里

He had gone two days without food.他已经两天没吃东西了 Neither the students nor the teachers wants to go picnicking.学生和老师都不想去野餐

In /Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.你无论如何都不能借钱给他 2、半否定词

主要包括：hardly,scarcely,barely,seldom,little,few等 I can hardly recognize her.=Hardly can I recognize her.

She seldom watches television these days.=Seldom does she watch

television these days.

Few people understand the difference. 3、形式肯定意义否定的词

主要包括：avoid,ban,refuse,cancel,quit,stop,deny,deprive, exclude,escape,evade,fail,forbid,free....from,rid,rule out等 My father has quit smoking.

They were deprived of their basic rights.

注意：英语中的另外一种否定形式是双重否定。双重否定指一个句子或短语中出现两个表示否定意义的词语的情况。双重否定有三种功能：表示肯定，表示强调和表示委婉。 Nobody is without his faults.人人皆有过失

Nothing to be got without pains but poverty.只有贫穷是可以不劳而获的

He is not undistinguished.他是不平凡的