2010同等学力申硕英语真题（A卷）

Susan Martimo, a California Department of Education official, says she does not expect widespread use right away. Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them, but only in addition to their traditional books.

School administrator point out that the tests may be free online, but students need a way to access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies but that would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively.

37. The Digital Textbook Initiative _____. A. will probably take effect in six years B. covers all the high school subjects C. has been approved by all states D. is advocated by California state governor 38. The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to _____. A. help save money B. benefit the environment C. provide interesting materials D. reduce student?s heavy burden 39. The digital textbooks were approved by ______. A. trained teachers B. content developers C. Khosla Family D. CK12 Foundation 40. What is true of CK12 Foundation? A. It produced 16 digital textbooks. B. It paid teachers to write digital textbooks.

C. It is financed by California state government. D. It makes money through developing digital textbooks. 41. according to Susan Martimo digitals textbooks _____. A. are not likely to have a widespread use B. will soon replace traditional ones C. will first be adopted by well-equipped schools D. are certain to be approved by school districts 42. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____. A. schools are reluctant to print out copies B. the use of digital textbooks is not really free C. students need to pay for computers D. training teachers to use the textbooks in not efficient

Passage Three

Doctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb, when children who are already overweight grow up. So, what should we do? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it as to take responsibility for this expanding problem. The cheerful Mr. Pickwick, the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens, is seen in illustrations as someone who is plump (胖乎乎的)—and happy. In 18th century paintings beauty is equated with rounded bodies and soft curves. But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.

So what do you do? Diet? Not according to England?s chief medical officer, Sir Liam Donaldson. He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity, cancer and heart disease. And the Health Secretary John Reid even said that being inactive is as serious a risk factor in heart disease as smoking.

So, having bought some cross trainers, how much exercise should you do? According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes of moderate activity five says a week. Is going to the gym the answer? Luckily for those who find treadmills (跑步机) tedious, the Health Development Agency believes that physical activity that fits into people?s lives may be more effective. They suggest taking the stairs rather than the lift, walking up escalators, playing active games with your children, dancing or gardening. And according to a sports psychologist, Professor Biddle, gym? are not making the nation fit?, and may even cause harm.

There?s new scientific evidence that too much exercise may actually be bad for you. Scientists at the University of Ulster have found that unaccustomed exercise releases dangerous free radicals that can adversely affect normal function in unfit people. The only people who should push their bodies to that level of exercise on a regular basis are trained athletes.

So, should we forget about gyms and follow some experts? advice to increase exercise in our daily life? After all, getting off the bus a stop early and walking the rest of the way can?t do any harm! One final thought. How come past generations lacked gym facilities but were leaner and fitter than people today?

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43. This passage is mainly about _____. A. how to keep fit and avoid fatness B. increased risks for overweight people C. the dangers of exercise in the gym D. the benefit of a balanced diet 44. What does “this expanding problem” (Para.1) refer to? A. The slow growing up of overweight children. B. the obesity time bomb warned of by doctors. C. Too little exercise and too much diet. D. Neglect of the health issue by the government. 45. Why does the author mention Mr. Pickwick in Charles Dickens? novel? A. He was portrayed in an 18th century painting. B. He is the hero of a world famous novel. C. He suffered from heart disease and stroke. D. He is the image of being plump and happy. 46. According to Sir Liam Donaldson, what is the best way to avoid obesity? A. Being on diet. B. Giving up smoking. C. Being as inactive as possible. D. Doing physical activities. 47. Which of the following is NOT recommended by the Health Development Agency? A. Walking up escalators, dancing or gardening. B. Going to the gym to walk on treadmills. C. Taking the stairs rather than the lift. D. Playing active games with your children. 48. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____. A. too much exercise may actually be bad for health B. experts? advice cannot be always followed

C. past generation longed for gym facilities we have today D. moderate daily-life exercise can make us leaner and fitter

Passage Four

A metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison. It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects. With a simple metaphor, one object becomes the other. Love is a rose. Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image, a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language. The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment. Consequently, what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be our perception of love. Therefore, the poet?s job is to enable us to experience it, to feel it the same way as the poet does.

Let?s analyze this remarkably unsophisticated metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers. Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose, first we must examine the characteristics of the flower. A rose is spectacular in its beauty, its petals are nicely soft, and its smell is pleasing. It?s possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight, touch and smell. The rose?s appearance seems to border on perfection, each petal seemingly symmetrical in form. Isn?t this the way one?s love should be? A loved one should be a delight to one?s senses and seem perfect. However, there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose. Roses have thorns. The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky. So can love, the metaphor tells us. When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection, ouch, a thorn can cause great harm! “Be careful,” the metaphor warns: Love is a feast to the senses, but it can overwhelm us, and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering. This is the poet?s perception of love—an admonition. What is the point? Just this: it took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor.

49. According to the passage, what is a metaphor?

A. A comparison between two different objects with similar features. B. A contrast between two different things to create a vivid image. C. A description of two similar objects in a poetic way. D. A literary device specially employed in poetry writing. 50. The main idea of this passage is that _____. A. rose is a good image in poetry B. love is sweet and pleasing

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C. metaphor is ambiguous D. metaphor is a great poetic device 51. It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is _____. A. difficult to understand B. rich in meaning C. not precise enough D. like a flower 52. As is meant by the author, thorns of a rose _____. A. protect the rose from harm B. symbolize reduced love C. add a new element to the image of love D. represents objects of one?s affection 53. The meaning of the love- is- a- rose metaphor is that _____. A. Love is a true joy B. True love comes once in a lifetime C. Love does not last long D. Love is both good and bad experiences 54. According to the passage, poetry is intended to _____. A. release anger B. entertain the readers C. express poets? ideas D. reward the senses

Passage Five

Some 23 million additional U.S. residents are expected to become more regular users of the U.S. health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform. Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help the already burdened system manage the surge in patients. But putting people?s health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies. It is already shifting the way we seek and receive health care.

“The social dynamics of care are changing,” says John Gomez, vice president of Eclipsys, a medical information technology company. Most patients might not yet be willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babies? ultrasound images, and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors.

With greater access to individualized health information—whether that is through a formal electronic medical record, a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a physician—the traditional roles of doctors and patients are undergoing a rapid transition.

“For as long as we?ve known, health care has been ?I go to the physician, and they tell me what to do, and I do it,?” says Nitu Kashyap, a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center for Medical Informatics. Soon more patients will be arriving at a hospital or doctor?s office having reviewed their own record, latest test results and recommended articles about their health concerns. And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their care provider or consulting a personal health record or smart-phone application to answer their questions.

These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records, which has already begun. Although the majority of U.S. hospitals and doctors? offices are still struggling to start the changeover, many patients already have electronic medical records—and some even have partial access to them. The MyChart program, in use at Cleveland Clinic, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and other facilities, is a Web portal (门户) through which patients can see basic medical information as well as some test results.

“Medical data is getting a new digital life, and it is jump-starting a fundamental change in how care is provided,” Gomez says.

55. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. The Future of Your Medical Data B. Challenges against Doctors and Hospitals C. Benefits of the U.S. Health Care Reform D. How to Access and Share Your Health Information 56. Putting patient information in databases and online _____. A. enables more Americans to join the health care system B. contributes to the passage of health care reform C. increases the burden of the U.S. health care system

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D. changes how people seek and receive health care

57. According to John Gomez, many patients use social networking sites to _____. A. change their social interactions B. post their latest CT scan images C. share information about their health care D. show their babies? recent pictures 58. Which of the following is NOT changing the traditional roles of doctors and patients? A. A formal electronic medical record. B. An easier access to information online. C. A self-created personal health record. D. A quick instant—messaging session with a doctor. 59. According to Nitu Kashyap, more patients in the future will _____. A. refuse to follow their doctors? advice B. be more dependent on their doctors C. leave out their visit to doctors? offices and hospitals D. have their health conditions examined through e-mail 60. It is stated in the passage that _____.

A. nationwide digitalization of medical data will begin soon B. most of U.S hospitals and doctors are against the shift

C. patients are worried about the security of their health information D. patients are starting to make use of their electronic medical records

Part Ⅳ Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)

Directions: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

Are you single but too busy to search for love? Then you need to try the latest dating phenomenon that is sweeping 61 the UK—speed dating.

Speed dating 62 men and women meeting in a room and finding out as much as they can about possible 63 in three minutes. It is proving very 64 with Britain?s young people who find that they have not got the time to meet that special one.

At a speed dating event you are given three minutes to talk, 65 , with a member of the opposite sex. Then a bell is 66 and you move to another person and start chatting again. By the end of the evening you will have spoken with up to twenty men or women!

If, by the end of a conversation, you 67 the person or would like to see him or her again, you write it 68 on a card. Then, if the other person also fancies you, you, the organizers will contact you with their details.

But is three minutes long enough to make an impression and 69 if you want to see someone again? Research suggests that 70 can be felt within the first thirty seconds of meeting someone, and that is 71 speed dating is all about, knowing quickly if you are going to like someone.

And what about romance? Is it possible to make a good 72 in such a short time? 73 , people say you can?t hurry love. However, Britain will soon have its first marriage from a speed date.

So, if you are on a 74 to find Mr, or Miss Right, what have you got to lose? 75 , you still go home on your own. But at best, the person of your dreams could be just three minutes away.

61. A. off B. across C. over D. through 62. A. requires B. inquires C. revolves D. involves 63. A. partners B. spouses C. friends D. counterparts 64. A. practical B. popular C. favorable D. normal 65. A. all in one B. on after one C. one on one D. one and all 66. A. knocked B. shaken C. swung D. rung 67. A. attract B. enjoy C. chase D. fancy 68. A. down B. off C. up D. back 69. A work on B. work out C. work at D. work up

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70. A. emotion 71. A. how 72. A. conclusion 73. A. In all 74. A. tour 75. A. At last

B. sentiment B. what B. reflection B. After all B. route B. At first C. chemistry C. all C. guess C. Of all C. Direction C. At worst D. attachment D. where D. judgment D. And all D. mission D. At end

Paper Two (60 minutes)

Part Ⅰ Translation (30 minutes, 20 points, 10 for each section) Section A

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

An ecosystem is a group of animals and plants living in a specific region and interacting with one another and with their physical environment. Ecosystems include physical and chemical components, such as soils, water, and nutrients that support the organisms living there. These organisms may range from large animals to microscopic bacteria. Ecosystems also can be thought of as the interactions among all organisms in a given area; for instance, one species may serve as food for another. People are part of the ecosystems where they live and work. Human activities can harm or destroy local ecosystems unless actions such as land development for housing or businesses are carefully planned to conserve and sustain the ecology of the area.

Section B

Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

全球化作为一种新的经济和社会发展趋势，给中国带来了机遇，也带来了挑战。一方面。中国正成为世界制造业中心并在国际舞台上发挥着日益重要的作用；另一方面，我们也面临着如何在全球化进程中既要发展经济，又能传承优秀文化传统的问题。

Part Ⅱ Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)

Directions: In this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words. Your composition should be based on the following two questions after you have read the story given in Chinese. 1. What do you think about the story? 2. What do you learn from it?

第二稿

英国史学家卡莱尔经过多年的伏案，写成了《法国革命史》的全部文稿。那时候没有电脑，一切都是用手来完成，而且难得有“备份”。卡莱尔写完后的第一件事，就是将它交给最信任的好友米尔去完善。

然而就在第二天，手稿被米尔家的女佣当作废纸丢进了火炉！而且，更糟糕的是，为保持书房的整洁，卡莱尔每写完一章，随手把原来的笔记、草稿撕碎。可以想见卡莱尔当时的心情，但他很快就平静下来，反而安慰伤心的米尔：“没关系，就当我讲作文交给老师批阅，老师说：‘这篇不行，重写一次吧，你可以写得更好！’”

卡莱尔再起炉灶，重写这部巨著。如今人们读到的《法国大革命史》，就是他的第二稿。这一稿的质量，无论文字上还是内涵上，都达到了卡莱尔写作生涯的巅峰。

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