考研英语阅读理解精读100篇之信息技术类

5. 答案为A，属推理判断题。根据上文，作者介绍了OMRAS的相比其他产品的优越性能，继而提到它在防止侵权方面所能起到的作用。最后说，人们只需在互联网上快速搜索一下就可以放心地发现自己的大作并没有抄袭别人作品的痕迹。可见，作者对于这种新产持积极乐观的态度。

参考译文

音像店的店员已经习惯了接受“哼唱问询”：一位顾客走进店来，把他想要，却又记不起名称或者歌手的那首歌哼唱出来。熟悉音乐的店员一般都能说出曲调的名称，做成一笔交易。不过，那些哼唱音乐的人很可能不但跑调而且还搞错了曲子。因此，很多时候收银机都是关着的，顾客也只能失望地离去。一款新软件也许会改变这种状况。如果“联机音乐识别和查询系统”（OMRAS）取得成功的话，那么把记得不太清楚的曲调对着电脑哼唱一遍也许就能找出匹配的音乐。

最近刚在巴黎举行的“音乐信息检索国际会议”上被公布的OMRAS是来自伦敦，印第安纳和马萨诸塞等地的大学研究人员的智慧结晶。当然，音乐识别软件早就问世了。举例来说，手机用户可以拨打一个叫做“快变”（Shazam）的系统，用手机话筒对准一个音乐源，然后等待乐曲的名称和演奏/唱者等信息以文本形式发送到他们的手机上。

“快变”及其类似产品的工作原理都是将声音和几百万首储存在一个中央数据库中的录音资料加以匹配。不过，要让“快变”匹配成功，音乐源不仅要和已归档的录音相似，而且还必须一致才行。与之相比，OMRAS则对音乐进行分析。这就意味着它可以在同一歌曲的不用演绎风格之间进行匹配。该项目英国小组的负责人马克·桑德勒说，这一系统当然能够将业余钢琴演奏者和职业钢琴家演奏的同一作品匹配出来。它也应该通过“哼唱问询”测试。

OMRAS的音乐分析方法不同于音乐学者了解的任何方法。一个乐曲先是被数字化，这样就可以对它进行处理了。接下来它还要经过一些数学处理程序，比如小波分解，多重分辨率傅立叶分析，多相过滤，离散余弦变换等。最终得出一个声音的数学模式，它包含了原始声音的要素，并排除了风格，质量等干扰因素。接下来就可以把这种声音要素和声音库中已知的各种声音要素加以比对并进行匹配。不同于“快变”的是，每一个曲调只需要一个声音库参考要素。

目前，桑德勒博士和他的同事们一直被限制在制作古典音乐模式的范围内。他们的数据库里有包括巴赫，贝多芬和莫扎特的作品在内的三千多首乐曲。对于版权的担忧意味着他们还无法进入各公司的流行音乐资料库，虽然如果公司意识到回答更多的哼唱问询就可以带来更多销量的话，这种状况也许会有所改变。除此之外，OMRAS还能够帮助防止不经意发生的侵犯版权行为，例如一个作曲家误把别人的作品当作自己的灵感

而出现的剽窃行为。更具嘲讽意味的是，它甚至还可以防止人们宣称自己的侵权行为是无心之错。如果在互联网上快速搜索一下就可以放心地发现自己的大作的确实至名归，那么那种做法也就没有什么意义了。 考研英语阅读理解精读100篇unit36

Unit 36

\creation of the PC is the best thing that ever happened,\said Bill Gates at a conference on \dividends\electric power grid. The answer is yes, and things are going even further. Villagers in a remote region of Laos that has neither electricity nor telephone connections are being wired up to the Internet.

Lee Thorn, the head of the Jhai Foundation, an American-Lao organisation, has been working for nearly five years in the Hin Heup district. The foundation has helped villagers build schools, install wells and organise a weaving co-operative. But those villagers told Mr Thorn that what they needed most was access to the Internet. To have any hope of meeting that need, in an environment which is both physically harsh and far removed from technical support, Mr Thorn realised that a robust computer was the first requirement.

He therefore turned to engineers working with the Jhai Foundation, who devised a machine that has no moving, and few delicate, parts. Instead of a hard disk, the Jhai PC relies on flash-memory chips to store its data. Its screen is a liquid-crystal display, rather than an energy-guzzling glass cathode-ray tube--an exception to the rule that the components used are old-fashioned, and therefore cheap. (No Pentiums, for example, just a 486-type processor.) Mr Thorn estimates that, built in quantity, each Jhai PC would cost around $400. Furthermore, because of its simplicity, a Jhai PC can be powered by a car battery charged with bicycle cranks--thus removing the need for a connection to the grid.

Wireless Internet cards connect each Jhai PC to a solar-powered hilltop relay station which then passes the signals on to a computer in town that is connected to both the Lao phone system (for local calls) and to the Internet. Meanwhile, the Linux-based software that will run the computers is in the final stages of being \by a group of expatriates in America.

One thing that the new network will allow villagers to do is decide whether it is worth going to market. Phon Hong, the local market town, is 30km away, so it is worth knowing the price of rice before you set off to sell some there. Links farther afield may allow decisions about growing crops for foreign markets to be taken more

sensibly--and help with bargaining when these are sold. And there is also the pleasure of using Internet telephony to talk to relatives who have gone to the capital, Vientiane, or even abroad.

If it works, the Jhai PC and its associated network could be a widespread success. So far, the foundation has had expressions of interest from groups working in Peru, Chile and South Africa. The prototype should be operational in Laos this December and it, or something very much like it, may soon be bridging the digital divide elsewhere as well.

注（1）：本文选自Economist；9/28/2002, p76, 2/3p, 1c；

注（2）：本文习题命题模仿对象2003年真题text 2第1题（1），2002年真题text 4地1、2题（2，4），text 3第4题（5），1998年真题text 2第4题（3）；

1. The author begins his article with Bill Gate’s words to________.

[A] show the great prospect of the PC in improving people’s life [B] catch people’s attention to the importance of the PC [C] reveal a project that creates miracle

[D] prove the PC can do things even beyond imagination

2. From the second paragraph, we learn that_____________.

[A] villagers are isolated from the outside world

[B] Lee’s work is to improve the life of people living in the countryside [C] the harsh environment keeps Lee from doing better job

[D] engineers have moved to far-away towns due to the poverty of the villages

3. Which of the following is NOT a feature of Jhai PC?

[A] delicateness [B] practicality [C] simplicity [D] low cost

4. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

[A] The Jhai PC has no expensive parts. [B] The Jhai PC is powered by solar energy.

[C] The project has gained support from non-resident Laotians. [D] The software that runs the Jhai PC is a local product.

5. We can draw a conclusion from the text that___________.

[A] Mr. Thorn’s project may produce a far-reaching influence [B] the Jhai PC is revolutionizing the PC industry [C] South Africa is as poor as Laos

[D] digital divide is something caused by pc and network

答案：ABACA 篇章剖析

本篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了一个让老挝偏远地区的村民可以不借助电网而使用互联网的项目。第一段引用比尔·盖茨的话引出了个人电脑创造的另一个奇迹：在老挝的一个既不通电也不通电话的偏僻地区，村民们现在可以登陆互联网了。第二段介绍了这个项目的起因。第三段介绍了这个项目所使用的电脑的情况。第四段介绍了这种电脑如何得以无线上网。第五段介绍了这个新网络可能给村民带来得好处。最后一段对这一项目目前的发展状况及其影响进行了简单介绍。 词汇注释

dividend[?????????] n. 股息, 红利, 额外津贴 grid[????] n. 高压输电网

Laos[?????] n. 老挝（东南亚国家） co-operative n. 合作社

robust[???????] adj. 坚固的, 耐用的 flash-memory n. 闪存 chip[????] n. 芯片