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现在完成时跟模糊的过去时间状语连用或不用时间状语;一般过去时通常跟具体的过去时间状语连用。常跟现在完成时连用的时间状语有:so far,in the past ten years, up to now, since…ago, for…, already, yet, ever, never, before, recently, lately等。
常跟一般过去时连用的时间状语:yesterday,last week,last year, last month, the day before yesterday, just now, in 1980等,如:
I have learned about 2, 000 English words so far. 到目前为止我已经学会了大约两千个英语单词。 They learned 20 English words last week. 上周他们学了二十个英语单词。
【考点精练】 一、单项选择
( )1.I _______ a letter from my cousin Andy yesterday. A.get B.came C received D.accepted ( )2. - Could I have a day off tomorrow, sir?
- _______.
B.Why not! D. That's right.
A.Good idea! C. What for?
( )3. The criminal(罪犯)was _______ food when the policemen caught him A.looking C. searching
B.finding D. searching for
( )4. Would you mind _______ in the room, please? A. not smoke C. not smoking
B. don't smoke D. no smoking
二、根据句意及中文提示完成单词
1.(2014.济宁)I plan to travel to several_______(欧洲)countries this summer vacation. 2. On June 10th, 2014, the central government made up a project on the development in the_______(南部的)part of Xinjiang. 3. Their school is on the_______(顶)of a hill. 4.Huawei is a big_______(国际)company now.
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参考答案
一、1—4 CCDC
二. 1. European 2. southern 3. top 4. international
8B Unit4
【考点精讲】 一、核心词汇 1.Germany n.
[考点点拨] Germany名词,意为“德国”。German作形容词,意为“德国(人)的”,作名词,意为“德国人”。常见的国家名称和某国人的单复数形式: 国家名称 Germany
某国人单数 某国人复数 German American
Australian Canadian Frenchman
Germans Americans Australians Canadians Frenchmen
America Australia Canada France
Frenchwoman Frenchwomen England China Japan
Englishman Englishmen Englishwoman Englishwomen Chinese Japanese
Chinese Japanese
法国人、英国人复数形式是将a改为e,而德国人复数形式并不是将a改为e,中国人、日本人单复数形式相同。 2.stomach n.
[考点点拨]stomach意为“腹部,胃”,虽然是以ch结尾,但是由于“ch”是发/k/音,所以其复数形式是在词尾直接加“-s”。如: The stomachs of starving people often distend. 饥民的腹部常鼓得大大的。 3.either adv.
[考点点拨] either意为“也”,用于否定句,且要放在句末。如: Millie can't skate. I can, t either. 米莉不会滑冰,我也不会。
too作“也”讲时,用于肯定句末尾,或作为插入语放在句中,前后用逗号隔开。如: Tom can swim. I can swim too.
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汤姆会游泳,我也会。 You,too,may have a try. = You may have a try too. 你也可以试一试。
also在书面语中比too更为正式,用于肯定句中。紧靠谓语动词,位于be动词、助动词、情态动词后,行为动词前。如: His uncle is also a policeman 他叔叔也是一名警察。 She is also reading a novel. 她也在看小说。 Sandy can also swim 桑迪也会游泳。 二、核心句型
1. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo? 霍波,你已经决定要怎样处理这些书了吗?
[考点点拨] what to do with—how to deal with怎样处理。注意疑问词what和动词do搭配,疑问词how和动词deal搭配。如: What are we going to do with the problem? 我们将怎样处理这个问题呢? I have a huge pile of letters to deal with 我有一大堆信件要处理。
2. However, they soon got up again and continued moving across my body. 可是,他们不久后又爬起来,继续在我身上爬。
[考点点拨] continue doing sth继续做某事,也可以说continue to do sth,两者意思相同:如: They continued meeting every day. = They continued to meet every day. 他们继续每天见面。
表示继续维持某一情况时,其后可直接跟名词作宾语,也可先接介词with再接宾语。如: We will continue (with) the payments for another year. 我们这样的报酬还要维持一年。
continue doing sth.意为“继续做某事”,continue by doing sth.意为“接着做某事(其他事)”。如:
He continued reading/to read all night. 他通宵在看书。
He talked about Keats, and continued by reading us a poem 他谈了济慈,接着给我们朗诵了一首诗。 三、重点语法
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1.特殊疑问词+动词不定式
(1)“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构相当于一个名词,在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、状语、同位语等句子成分。大部分特殊疑问词可用于该结构,如when,how,which,where,who等等。注意:疑问词why不能用于该结构。如: Where to go is still a question 去哪里还是个问题。
(作主语;作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式) I know where to find the boy. 我知道哪里能找到这个男孩。 (作动词know的宾语)
The question is how to learn English well. 问题是怎样学好英语。(作表语)
The question where to spend this weekend troubles Millie. 到哪儿去过周末这个问题困扰着米莉。(作同位语) 连词whether也可以用于该结构。如: They are talking about whether to have a party. 他们正讨论是否要举办一场聚会。(作宾语)
(2)“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构经常用在某些动词(短语)后面作宾语,常见的有tell,show,know,learn,teach, find out, forget, wonder, remember等。如: I'll show you how to do it. 我会让你看看如何做这件事。
“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构还可以用在be sure, be clear等后面作宾语。 I'm not sure when to leave. 我不确定何时出发。
(3)“特殊疑问词十动词不定式”结构可以把复合句转换为简单句。如: I don't know what I'll do next. =I don't know what to do next. 我不知道下一步该做什么。
反之可以将含有“特殊疑问词十动词不定式”结构的简单句转换为复合句。改写时只需在疑问词后加上适当的主语,并把不定式改为适当形式的谓语即可。如: Li Ping doesn't know how to learn English
=Li Ping doesn't know how he should learn English 李平不知道该怎样学英语。
(4)“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以独立成句。如: What to do? 怎么办?
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