2019高考英语江苏专用二轮增分策略优选习题：专题一 第10讲形容词与副词

new study offers advice on how to minimize the psychological damage you cause when you do that.

There are two types of thought when it comes to the science of bad news.One holds that you should soften the impact of the news by padding(填塞) it with explanations，laying out the case for what you’re about to say before you actually say it.On the contrary，other research has found that you should just deliver the bad news first and save your comment for afterward.

Professors Alan Manning of Brigham Young University and Nicole Amare of the University of South Alabama wanted to solve this problem.To do that，they carried out a study on 145 undergraduates that involved A/B testing of a number of bad-news scenarios(设想)—such as warnings about physical danger and news of a bad medical diagnosis.

In general，the study found that when receiving bad news related to their health or safety，people want to get the information like the following.“If your house in on fire，you just want to know that and get out，”study author Manning said.“Or if you have cancer，you’d just like to know that.You don’t want the doctor to talk around it.”And when it comes to face-to-face bad news，the study suggests that people don’t want you to beat around the bush too much either.Don’t tell the employees you’re firing how valued their work is and how challenging a time this is for the company—just give it to them straight and tell them where to go from here.

Manning suspects that people delivering bad news often choose a more euphemistic(委婉的) approach because it’s easier for them，not for the person they’re talking to.“If you’re on the giving end，it’s probably more comfortable psychologically to pad it out，” he said.“But this survey is framed in terms of you imagining you’re getting bad news and which version you find least unpleasant.People on the receiving end would much rather get it this way—that is，direct，with minimal padding.”

It’s worth nothing that Manning’s study relies on individuals’ self-reports of how they’d prefer to receive bad news.That may or may not accurately line up with how people react to actually getting bad news.It is one thing to say you’d rather get dumped in a straightforward manner，but you may have different feelings when your partner sits you down in a cafe to tell you it’s over.

Manning also warns that a bad-news-giver also wouldn’t want to say it out unexpectedly.“An immediate ‘I’m breaking up with you’ might be too direct，”he said.You need to start it with the smallest of buffers(缓冲物)，“just a couple of seconds for the other person to process that bad news is coming.”For that，Manning suggests using the four worst words in the English language：“We need to talk.”

Title：How to Deliver Bad News in the Humane Way 第 9 页 共 11 页

There’re two very 22. views on delivering bad news properly： The science of ★23. what you’re going to say about the bad news before you bad news deliver it. ★Deliver the bad news first and then show your comment. The research Conducted by Professors Alan Manning and Nicole process of the study Amare，it surveyed 145 undergraduates based on A/B testing of many bad-news scenarios. ★People seem to be 25. to deliver bad The 24. of the study A study about the science of bad news The 28. of the study news in a more euphemistic approach，while the 26. don’t want them to do so. ★People hope to get the bad news 27. in terms of their health or safety. ★It just shows people’s 29. for receiving bad news according to their own saying. ★It may 30. people’s real reaction to getting bad news. The advice the researcher gives To 31. some time for others to react，bad-news-givers can begin with the four worst words “We need to talk.”

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，人们在接收坏消息时更愿意对方直接地而非委婉地表明自己的意图。 22．答案 different/opposite

解析 信息概括题。根据第二段内容，尤其是“There are two types of thought when it comes to the science of bad news.”可知，人们对于正确传达不好的消息有两种不同或对立的看法。 23．答案 Explain

解析 信息转换题。根据第二段中的“One holds that...with explanations”可知，一种看法是应该先在切入正题之前作解释说明，以弱化坏消息对人产生的影响。 24．答案 results/findings

解析 信息概括题。根据第四、五段的内容及表格右栏的内容可知，此处主要讲的是研究结

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果。

25．答案 willing/ready

解析 信息转换题。根据第五段的内容，尤其是“people delivering bad news often choose a more euphemistic(委婉的) approach because it’s easier for them”可知，坏消息的传达者更愿意以一种委婉的方式来表达自己的意图，因为这样做对他们来说更容易。be willing/ready to do sth.愿意做某事。 26．答案 receivers

解析 信息转换题。根据第五段中的“people delivering bad news often choose a more euphemistic(委婉的) approach because it’s easier for them”“People on the receiving end would...that is，direct”可知，接收者却愿意更为直接地接收坏消息。receiver接收者。 27．答案 directly

解析 信息转换题。根据第四、五段的内容可知，人们愿意更为直接地接收健康或安全方面的坏消息。第五段中的“direct”为关键提示。 28．答案 disadvantages/drawbacks/shortcomings

解析 信息概括题。根据第六段的内容及表格右栏的内容可知，此处主要讲的是该研究的缺点。

29．答案 preference

解析 信息转换题。根据第六段中“Manning’s study relies on...they’d prefer to receive bad news”可知，这项研究依据的是人们对自己接收坏消息时的接收方式倾向的自我阐述。 30．答案 contradict

解析 信息转换题。根据第六段第二句可知，这项研究的结果可能与人们接收坏消息的实际反应不一致。故填contradict“相抵触，相矛盾”。 31．答案 spare

解析 信息转换题。根据最后一段的内容可知，为了给接收者留出一些反应时间，坏消息的传达者可以以“我们需要谈谈”开始。spare...for...给……留出……。

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