英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 作者:赵义伟

1我们叫她Alice. 3我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 4他们把门推开了。 5他们把小偷释放了。

6我们要使学校变得更美丽。 7他请我们参加做游戏。 8我要你把真相告诉我。 9卫兵命令我们立即离开。

10明天我要找人来修理机器。 11每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 12痛苦使得他叫喊起来。 13我们不会让她在晚上外出的。

14他每个月理一次发。 15我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。 16那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏 17她正在听人家讲故事。 18男孩子们都在看士兵们操练。 20他感到很难跟你交谈。 21我想乘船去那里更舒服些 22我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。

23学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。24我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。 There be 句型 1今晚没有会。 2这个村子过去只有一口井。 3这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。 4客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。 5天气预报说下午有大风。 6灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。 7战前这儿一直有家电影院的。 8恰好那时房里没人。

9从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。 10公共汽车来了。 11就只剩下二十八美元了。 12在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。 13铃响了。 14二月份有二十八天。 KEYS

分析下列句子成分

1. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表语 2. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表语 3. 主语 ＋动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补足语

4. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 5. 主语 ＋及物动词 ＋宾语 6. 主语 ＋动词 ＋ 形式宾语 it＋ 宾语补足语+宾语

7. 主语 ＋及物动词 ＋宾语 8. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表语 9. 主语 ＋动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补足语

10. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 11. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 12 主语 ＋及物动词 ＋宾语 13. 主语 ＋及物动词 ＋宾语 14. 主语 ＋动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补足语 15. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表语

16. 主语 ＋动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补足语 17. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表语 18. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 19. 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 20. 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 21. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表语 22. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表语 25. 主语 ＋及物动词 ＋宾语 26. 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 27. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

28. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 29. 主语 ＋及物动词 ＋宾语 30. 主语 ＋动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补足语 翻 译 练 习： 主谓结构 （ 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 ）

1You should study hard. 2 She went home very late yesterday evening. 3That morning we talked a great deal.

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英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 作者:赵义伟

4The meeting will last two hours. 5Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.

6Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day. 7The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919. 8Classes begin at eight every day. 9This box weighs five kilos. 10 I lived in Beijing five years ago. 主谓宾结构 （主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋宾语 ）

1.I wrote a letter last night. 2.I want to talk with you this afternoon 3.He has read this book many times. 4.They have carried out the plan successfully. 5.You must finish reading these books in two weeks. 6.That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently. 7.I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia. 8.Jim cannot dress himself. 9.All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. 10.He did not know what to s 主系表结构 （主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋主语补语 ）

1My brothers are all college students. 2In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. 3 Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 4At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist. 5 Children, keep quiet please. 6 This book is about the history of the United States.

7Her job is to look after the children in the nursery. 8He is out of work. 9The leaves have turned yellow. 10The report sounds interesting. 双宾语结构 （主语 ＋ 双宾动词 ＋间接宾语 ＋直接宾语 ）

1Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 2Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 3Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster.

4Would you please pass me the dictionary? 5He showed the ticket to the conductor. 6This term I have written three letters to my parents.

7My father has bought me a new bike. 8Robinson Crusoe made himself a boat. 9Will you please get me a new copy? 10 Shall I call you a taxi? 1We call her Alice. 2His parents named him John. 复合宾语结构 （主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语 ）

3All of us considered him honest. 4They pushed the door open. 5They have set the thief free. 6We will make our school more beautiful.

7He asked us to join in the game. 8I want you to tell me the truth. 9The guards ordered us to leave at once.

10Tomorrow I?ll have someone repair the machine. 11Every morning we hear him read English aloud. 12The pain made him cry out.

13We won?t let her go out at night. 14He has his hair cut once a month. 15I?ll get my recorder mended.

16The terrible sound made the children frightened. 17She is listening to someone telling stories. 18he boys were watching the soldiers

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英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 作者:赵义伟

drilling. ship.

19I have never seen the word used that way before. 20He felt it very difficult to talk with you. 21I think it more comfortable to go there by

22I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way. 23The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.

24I thought it no use talking with that man There be 句型

1There isn?t going to be a meeting tonight. 2There was only a well in the village.

3There is (are) a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school. 4Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen. 5The weatherman says there?ll be a strong wind in the afternoon. 6 6The light is on. There must be someone ion the office. 7There used to be a cinema here before the war. 8There happened to be nobody in the room.

9Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 10There comes the bus. 11There remained just twenty-eight dollars.

12In front of the cave, there stands(grows) a tall pine tree. 13There goes the bell. 14There are twenty-eight days in February 概念

句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语（直接和间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英语中，一般句子必须有主语和谓语），表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。 1． 主语

2． 主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当，也

有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。如： 讲述“谁”

1,We work in a big factory. 讲述“什么” 2, The classroom is very big. 数词作主语 3,Three are enough. 三个人就够了

不定式作主语 To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor?s job. 从句作主语 What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物. ▲ 在“There be …”句型中，主语的位置在中间。如：

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英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 作者:赵义伟

There are some bottles of milk in the box.

▲ 在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it作形式主语。如：

It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”. It took two workers about three months to build the house. 2．谓语

谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，谓语必须是动词，谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。如： He is very generous. She looks very smart and cool We have finished the job. He can speak German. 3．表语

表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当，它的位置在系动词后面。

形容词作表语 You look younger than before.

名词作表语 My father is a teacher. 副词作表语 Everyone is here. 介词短语作表语 They are at the theatre. 不定式作表语 My job is to teach them English. 动名词作表语 Her job is training the nurses. 从句作表语 That is why he didn?t come to school yesterday. 4．宾语

▲宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式、或相当于名词的词或短语或从句来充当，它和谓语动词一起说明主语是什么，通常放在谓语动词后面。有时，会有双宾语。如：

名词作宾语 He never forgives others for their mistakes. 代词做宾语 He often helps me. 不定式作宾语 He likes to sleep in the open air. 动名词作宾语 The Americans enjoyed living in China. 从句做宾语 I believe that they can finish the work in time. ▲直接宾语和间接宾语

及物动词作谓语时(后面能直接跟宾语的动词)，后面要跟宾语，宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的对象。但有些动词除了直接宾语外，还需要有一个间接宾语，间接宾语表语动作是对谁做的，所以只能用名词或代词来充当。如： We brought them some food. 主 谓 间宾 直宾 间接宾语可以放在直接宾语后面，但必须加to 或 for。 5．宾语的补足语

在英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补足语才能表达完整的意思。我们把“宾语＋宾语补足语”合起来称为复合宾语。复合宾语所表达的意思相当于一个巨资的意思。名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不

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