英语分类句型

1) 用时间连词 once, if once, when once等, 如： Once you have promised you must do it. If once virtue is lost, all

is lost. When once he understands it, he will never make a mistake. 2) 用对比连词 ―as…ao…‖ 表示, 如：As you make your bed, so you must lie. [附注] 除了以上句型表示条件以外，还有以下表达方式：

1) 用时间连词 when, once, till, until等来表达条件意义, 如： Whn I have got my evidence I come to my

conclusions. We will not call off the battle until complete victory.

2) 用介词with引出的词组表示肯定的条件，用without表是否定的条件，如： With such knowledge and

experience, he is sure to succeed. Without the sun there would be no life. 3) 科技英语中常用let表示 ―假设‖, ―假定‖，如： Let AB is equal to CD… Let any body heat to a sufficient

high temperature (and) it become a source of light.

4) 用定语从句表示条件，如： Those who are accompanied by noble thoughts are never alone. 5) 用地点关系副词 ―where…, there…‖ 来表示，如： Where there is a will, there is a way. 6) 并列省略句式，如： No pains, no gains. Easy come, easy go.

十二、时间句型 1. 一般时

句型225［When+从句，(then)+主句］ ［主句+When+从句］

1. When truth is buried under ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day

it bursts out, it blows up everything with it.

2. When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.

3. ―I‘m a terrible bookworm,‖ said the Director; ―and my first act when I got here was to examine the

library. 4. When I approached the house I saw a tall man standing at the door.

[注1] when除表示时间外还可专用作条件连词和让步连词等如： ―He walks when he might ride.‖ (= He walks although

he might ride.)

[注2] when引导的时间（条件）从句中，不用将来时，但when引导的名词从句不受此限制，如： ―I don‘t know when

he will come; but when he comes I shall have a talk with him.‖

句型226［第一并列分句, +when+第二并列分句］

1. We played outside till sunset, when it began to rain. 2. I was taking a walk, when I came across him. 3. The conflict began, when it soon appeared which was the stronger of the two. 4. The President will visit the town in May, when he will open the new hospital.

2. 同时

句型227［主句+as/while+从句］

1. You will grow wiser as you grow older. 2. Maxwell laughed as he spoke. 3. Strike while the iron is hot. 4. Work while you work, play while play.

5. Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim. 6. While reading, he always makes notes. 7. You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it. 句型228［第一并列分句, +at the same time+第二并列分句］

［第一并列分句, +in the meantime/in the meanwhile+第二并列分句］ 1. He will be back in ten minutes, in the meantime let‘s wait outside.

2. The victories of the people of China are at the same time vistories of the working people of the whole

world

3. War exacts sacrifices from the people, but at the same time the war tempers them 4. At the same time that he was fighting with his adversary he was saving his friends. 5. He confessed that his master was rather severe, but at the same time a good man.

[注1] while常与本句型连用， 如： 1.While engaging in teaching, we should at the same time study constantly and

diligently. 2. In the meantime, while the controversy was hottest, I was called out by one of my relatives.

[注2 ]分词， 独立结构， 如：1. They talked, making plans. 2. Crushed at first by his imprisonment, he had soon found a

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dull relief in it. 3. The two still knelt, tears running down their cheeks.

[注3 ] 形容词短语，如：1. Let us therefore boldly face the life of strife, resolute to do our duty well and manfully.

2. Men and women rushed into the streets, all eager to hear the news.

[注4 ] with和 wihtout，如：1. It was a dismal night, with a thin rain falling. 2. It is one of the beautiful compensations of life that no man can sincerely try to help another, without helping himself.

3. 限制时

句型229［主句+as long as/ so long as+从句］

1. ―How long can I stay here?‖ – ―Stay as long as you like.

2. You can go where you like so long as you get back before dark.

3. I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body! 4. As long as I live I must serve the people heart and soul. 句型230［Every time/ Each time/ Whenever+从句, +主句］

1. Every time I went to his house, he was out. 2. You grow younger every time I see you. 3. Each time he came to town he would visit our school.

4. Whenever that man says ―To tell the truth‖, I suspect that he‘s about to tell a lie. 5. Whenever I look at his picture, it seems to say: ―Always be a true revolutionary.‖ 句型231［When/ As…+on the point of+动名词+主句］［By the time(that)+从句, +主句］ 1. I was on the point of going to my office, when my child was suddenly taken ill. 2. When I was on the point of speaking I heard someone else‘s voice.

3. Just as he was on the point of leaving his house an old friend of his called, and they had a long chat. 4. By the time (that) we got there, the film had begun. 5. I shall have finished my work by the time he returns.

[附注] 单独用while, when, 或者 while, when和 分词短语连用度可以表示限制时。如：Hold yourself still for a few

minutes while I make a sketch for you. Be careful when crossing the street. While discussing the matter, many students got very excited.

4. 交替时

句型232［…sometimes/ at times…+and sometimes/ at other times/ at times…］ ［…at ont time…+(and)+at another…］

1. The old woman has told me the history of her life, sometimes smiling, sometimes crying. 2. So we went on – sometimes up hill, sometimes down hill – for a long time, as it seemed. 3. At times he felt well and could work all day; at other times he had to lie still in his bed. 4. Sometimes we go to the cinema and at other times we go for a walk. 5. At one time (或moment) I am big, at another I am small. 6. At one time he is friendly, at another he is the reverse.

7. ―Do you stay in town all day?‖ – ―Sometimes I do, sometimes I don‘t.‖ 句型233［…now…, now/ then/ and again…］

1. Now here, now there, on the hills, and in the meadows, appeared villages.

2. What mixed weather, now fine, now showery! 3. That madman now laughs hard with upturned face. 4. The moon will now shine forth brightly, then hide behind the clouds.

5. In English the same word is used now as a noun, now as an adjective, now as a verb.

6. He is variable and uneven in his temperament, now ardent, now phlegmatic; now impulsive, now cool

and deliberate.

5. 先时

句型234［主句+before+时间从句 (肯定式谓语)］ 1. He had left for England just before the letter arrived. 2. We must finish our homework before going to class.

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3. He will come to see you before he leaves Beijing. 4. I must finish my work before I go home

[注1] before引导的从句不可用否定式谓语，如： （误） Before they did not reach the station, the rain had gone. （正）Before they reached the station, the rain had gone.

[注2] before引导的时间从句，翻译时不可死板，可译为 ―…才…‖ 如： I had waited an hour before he appeared. (我等

了一个小时，他才来。) I had gone some distance before I missed my watch.

[注3] 注意before引导的时间从句与主句之间的动词时间关系。主句用将来时，从句用现在时；从句用过去时，主

句用过去完成时，以示动作发生的先后，如： ―They had not known each other three days before they began to quarrel.‖

句型235［主语+谓语…+prior to/ previous to/ previously to+名词］

1. His coming to the city to reside was prior to his marriage. 2. He started previous to my arrival. 3. He wrote to me prior to visiting me. 4. I had collected material previous to writing. 5. The fields must be well ploughed previously to the sowing of the seed.

[附注] 表示先时概念的其他方式：1) in advance表示 ―预先‖, ―先‖, 如：Write to me in advance if you want to come. 2) precede表示―先于‖: Repentance must precede pardon. 3) 用earlier 表示 ―比…早‖: She had gone earlier his arrival.

6. 后时

句型236［主句+after+从句（或短语词组）］

1. After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.

2. After a sip of water, the speaker continued. 3. After packing up his things, he hurried to the station. 4. After we had listened to the report, we held a discussion on it. 5. What do you plan to do after you have finished your homework?

[注] 分词与after结合或单独使用都可以表示后时，如： After having finished my work, I went to bed. The party having all entered, Mozzle carefully closed the door.

句型237［主语+谓语+in the wake (或train) of+名词］ 1. There was chaos in the wake (或train) of a raging storm.

2. Our culture is taking big steps forward in the wake of economic development.

3. A rapid development of rural electrification has begun in the wake of China‘s big step forward in

industry and agriculture. 4. Increase of knowledge came in the train of discovery and invention.

7. 紧接时

句型238［As soon as/ Once/ When once+从句, +主句］

1. As son as lessons were over the children hurried to the canal again.

2. You know a conjuror gets no credit when once he has explained his trick.

3. Once you begin, you must continue. 4. As soon as we set foot on Chinese soil, we thrilled with joy. 5. I will ring you as soon as I get an answer from him.

6. Once they stand up and become masters of their own fate, the working people can accomplish miracles. 7. When once he understands, he will forgive everything.

[注] as soon as 与once的区别是：前者强调时间的紧接，后者带有条件意味，如： As soon as (不宜用once) the bell rang, the pupils dashed out of the classroom. You won‘t find it difficult once (不宜用as son as) you have mastered the rudiments.

句型239［The (very) moment (或instant) (that)+从句+主句］

1. ―I recognized you the moment I saw you.‖ 2. The moment he comes, let me know. 3. I started the very moment I got your letter. 4. I sent you the news the instant I heard it. 5. The moment I saw you I knew you were angry with me. 6. The instant the sun rises, all the stars vanish into the air.

句型240［Instantly/ Immediately/ Directly/ Soon after+从句+主句］ 1. Instantly I arrived there I telegraphed (to) him.

2. The machine will start instantly the button is pressed.

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3. I handed your letter immediately he came. 4. I‘ll go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 5. Directly I heard the news, I hastened to the spot. 6. We get up directly the bell rings 7. Soon after leaving school, Tom went to settle down in the countryside. 句型241［When+从句, +主句+at once］

1. When the cock crowed, we got up at once. 2. When he received the telegram, he started off at once. 3. When (After) he had his breakfast, he went to his office at once. 4. When he heard the good news, his face beamed with joy at once. 句型242［On+动名词，主语+谓语+其他］［现在分词+其他，主语+谓语+其他］

1. On hearing the news, she burst into tears. 2. Hearing the noise, they immediately stopped talking. 3. On reaching home, he went to call on his old friends. 4. Snatching his gun he began to fire at the enemy.

5. On coming in the school, she found large crowds of students waiting to welcome her. 句型243［No sooner had+主语+过去分词…+than+主语+过去时…］ ［主语+ had no sooner +过去分词…+than+主语+过去时…］ 1. The bell had no sooner rung than the students quieted down.

2. No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work. 3. He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 4. You had no sooner come, Mr. Weller, than you go again.

5. The cadres did no sooner get to the field than they started to work.

句型244［主语+ had+hardly/ scarcely +过去分词…+when/ before+主语+过去时…］ 1. Hardly had I seen the lightning, when I heard a loud thundering.

2. Scarcely had I sat down when he stepped in. 3. Scarcely had he gone out when it began to rain. 4. The sounds of the alarm were, therefore, hardly uttered, before two hundred men were afoot.

5. They had scarcely begun to fight before Olivia came out from her house, ordering Sir Andrew out of

her sight…

[附注] 表示紧接时概念的其他方式有：

1) ―…at (the) sight of +名词…‖ 如： The enemy ran away at the sight of our flag.

2) ―…at the thought of +名词…‖ 如：At the thought of the words of his dying father, he took courage and fought on. 3) ―…with the first+名词+of +名词…‖ 如：With the first appearance of the sun (=As soon as the sun begins to

appear), the birds begin to sing. With the all of the first drop of rain, the farmers brought their oxen and ploughs to do farm work

4) ―…before…had time to…‖ 如：He was caught before he had time to run away. （来不及…就…）

5) ―…before one can say Jack Robinson (或knife)…‖ 如: And before we could say Jack Robinson, she disappeared.

8. 延续时 句型245［Since+名词词组或从句（过去时），+主句（现在完成时或一般过去时）］ 1. Since last seeing you I have been ill. 2. I‘ve been here since Monday.

3. The school has been closed since yesterday. 4. Where have you been since I last saw you? 5. It has been (is) nearly sixty years since the founding of the PRC.

6. How long is it since you were in Beijing? 7. It is just a week since we arrived here. [注1] since World War II (= since the end of World War II) 不等于 since the beginning of World War II

[注2] 瞬时动词不与延续时间状语或从句结合在一起，如：(误) He has lost his pen for a week. (正) It is a week since he lost his pen. He lost his pen a week ago.

[注3] a. 从句中用瞬时动词作谓语，句子译成:自从…以来, It is already three years since he joined the army.

b. 从句中用延续动词作谓语，句子译成: 自从不…以来, It is five years since the two brothers worked together. c. 从句中用延续动词的完成时+ever作谓语, 句子译成:自从…以来 It is eight years since we have been ever taught English.

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