高考英语专项练习-阅读理解第一节二

(7)In Southeast Asian cultures，a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.v.掩饰 9．word n．单词，字；消息；诺言(不可数)

(1)When word came that there wasn’t going to be any show，the crowd broke up in a hubbub(喧闹)．n.消息

(2)Rachel has already known as many words in German as she does in English.n.单词，字 (3)You can keep your word even though this may not always be easy to do.n.诺言 Ⅱ.长难句理解

10．In bright sun，the buck’s white stomach reduces the effect of the shadow cast by his back，allowing him to appear one color and two dimensional—especially hiding from natural enemies in his own shadow.

[句式分析] 本句主干为简单句，属于主谓宾结构，主干的主语是 the buck’s white stomach，谓语是reduces，宾语是the effect。allowing为v.-ing作结果状语，表自然而然的结果。一定要注意破折号，它一般表示解释和说明。hiding 和allowing并列作状语。

[精美译文] 在明亮的阳光下，雄鹿的白色肚皮减少了背部投射的影子，使它呈现出一种颜色和两个维度——尤其是它能在自己的影子下躲避天敌。

11．Called the “Butt Lady” by her local community，Dawly began her mission to rid the streets of her city of cigarette butts in October,2014.

[句式分析] 本句是简单句， 主语是Dawly，谓语是 began，宾语是her mission。called...是过去分词短语作状语，to rid...是to do不定式作定语，修饰mission。rid作动词的用法是rid sb.of sth.表示“使某人摆脱某物”。

[精美译文] 被当地社区誉为“烟头女士”，多利于2014年10月开始她的任务：清除她所在城市的街道上的烟头。

强化练(十)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2019·山东临沂三模)

Scientists in Western Australia claim to have made a new discovery—they have found gold in the leaves and twigs of trees.The researchers believe that the trees suck up the gold from deep underground，over 30 metres down.The discovery has been described as the first of its kind in the world.Australian gold exploration companies are pleased because it will make finding gold cheaper.Rather than drilling deep holes to find gold，they have more ways to examine tree leaves and branches.There is only a tiny amount of gold in the leaves.It would take 500 trees to make one gold ring.The gold is found using a special X-ray machine owned by an Australian government

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agency.A pure X-ray and a powerful microscope scan the leaves and branches.

The claim that this is the first time that gold particles(微粒)have been found in living material might not be true，though.Ancient Chinese wisdom understood the connection between plants and the precious stones and minerals underneath them.They used plant life to find minerals and that was thousands of years ago.In the Zhou Dynasty，it was written in a book that a certain plant grew only near deposits of gold.Over the next 2,000 years，Chinese people wrote about different plants and how they grew，showed where minerals and precious stones such as jade，copper，lead，silver and gold were.

Even more importantly，in the 1000s，Su Song described how copper，gold，silver，lead and tin were observed and taken from certain plants.These were amazing scientific discoveries.Meanwhile，this knowledge was unknown in the rest of the world until about 1 600.This was when a British man realised that oak trees grew larger and greener where there was alum(明矾)in the ground.Maybe ancient Chinese has more knowledge to teach modern scientists.

语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。澳大利亚西部的科学家们声称有了一项新发现——他们在树叶和树枝中发现了金子，这一发现被描述为世界上第一个类似的发现。但作者认为第一次在生命物质中发现金子微粒的说法可能是不正确的，并举例证实了这种观点。 1．What can we know from Paragraph 1? A．500 dead trees can make one gold ring.

B．The trees can absorb the gold from deep underground. C．Scientists have found gold 30 metres below underground. D．The companies find it hard to find gold. 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。由第一段的第二句“The researchers believe that the trees suck up the gold from deep underground，over 30 metres down.”可知，研究人员相信这些树能从30米以下的地下深处吸收金子。suck up对应C项中的absorb属于同义转换，故选B。 2．How do scientists find gold in the leaves? A．By observing the leaves carefully. B．By drilling deep holes. C．By using a special X-ray. D．By referring to ancient books. 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二句“The gold is found using a special X-ray machine owned by an Australian government agency.”可知，黄金是被一台特殊的X光机发现的。故选C。

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3．Who first discovered that there was connection between plants and minerals? A．Ancient Chinese people. B．Su Song.

C．Australian scientists. D．A British man. 答案 A

解析 细节理解题。由第二段第二、三句“Ancient Chinese wisdom understood the connection between plants and the precious stones and minerals underneath them.They used plant life to find minerals and that was thousands of years ago.”可知，中国古代人民首先发现植物和矿物之间有联系。故选A。

4．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To introduce two great scientists in ancient times. B．To provide more evidence to support the writer’s opinion. C．To show how ancient people got gold from certain plants.

D．To prove that ancient Chinese had more knowledge than modern scientists. 答案 B

解析 推理判断题。由最后一段可知，作者仍然在说明在生命物质中发现金子微粒很早就已经存在了。所以第一次在生命物质中发现金子微粒的说法是不正确的。故最后一段的目的是提供更多的证据来支持作者的观点。故选B。

B

Squirrels aren’t natural city dwellers(居民)．In 1986 the sight of one in a tree near New York’s city hall so surprised passers-by that a newspaper published a report about the “unusual visitor”．

Around that time，the tree-dwelling animals were being set free in America’s urban areas to “create pockets of peace and calm like the countryside，” says University of Pennsylvania historian Etienne Benson，who studied our relationship to squirrels over the course of five years.

First，they were introduced to Philadelphia，then to New Haven，Boston，and New York City.Park visitors were encouraged to feed them，and security guards ensured their safety.In the 1910s a leader of the Boy Scouts of America(an organization teaching boys practical skills) said that teaching children to feed squirrels could show the rewards of treating a weaker creature with sympathy，says Benson.

By the early 20th century，though，America began to regret the friendliness it had shown squirrels.Cities had once been filled with animals—from horses pulling goods to dairy cows.By the 1950s those working animals had been moved to the countryside.Pets and wild animals such as birds and squirrels were all that remained of the urban animal kingdom.

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Before long，people’s enthusiasm for squirrels wore off，and they started to see them as annoyances.By the 1970s many parks banned feeding the creatures.Today，it is rare to find kids with their parents offering food to squirrels under a tree.And，unfortunately，with more and more buildings being constructed in the city，fewer inhabitable(适宜栖息的) areas are left for the little tree-dwelling animals.

What would be lost if the last of these city dwellers were forced to leave? “I think there’s something constructive to have other living creatures in the city that are not humans and not pets but share the land with us，” says Benson.“It’s a good thing to live in a landscape where you see other creatures going around making lunch.It’s good for the soul.”

语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了松鼠是否应该留在城市生活的问题。 5．What’s the purpose of introducing squirrels to Philadelphia? A．To entertain park visitors. B．To keep the natural balance. C．To encourage kids to protect animals. D．To make the urban life more peaceful. 答案 D

解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Around that time，the tree-dwelling animals were being set free in America’s urban areas to ‘create pockets of peace and calm like the countryside，’．..”可知，松鼠被引进费城是为了让城市生活变得更宁静。D项中的peaceful与peace属于同根词复现，故选D。

6．What was the Boy Scouts leader’s attitude towards feeding squirrels? A．Disagreeable. C．Supportive. 答案 C

解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“In the 1910s a leader of the Boy Scouts of America (an organization teaching boys practical skills)said that teaching children to feed squirrels could show the rewards of treating a weaker creature with sympathy，says Benson.”可知，这名童子军领导支持喂养松鼠的行为，故选C。

7．What might have happened to squirrels in cities around the 1960s? A．They might have inhabited more homes. B．They might have begun to go out of favor. C．They might have been introduced to more cities. D．They might have been moved to the countryside. 答案 B

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B．Doubtful. D．Uncaring.