(新课标)2019-2020学年高中英语Unit2WorkingthelandPartⅡLearningaboutLanguage

Part Ⅱ Learning about Language & Using Language

Ⅰ.重点单词

1．____________n．细菌

2．____________n. 害虫；害兽；害鸟 3．____________n. 营养；滋养；食物 4．____________n. 焦点；中心点

vt. 集中；聚焦

5．____________n. 土壤 6．____________vt. 减少；减缩 7．____________n. 根；根源 8．____________vt. 浏览；略读 9．____________vt. 画底线标出；强调 10．____________n. 评论；议论

vi. &vt. 表达意见；作出评论

[答案] 1.bacteria 2.pest 3.nutrition 4.focus 5．soil 5.reduce 7.root 8.skim 9.underline 10．comment Ⅱ.词汇拓展

1．__________vt. 使迷惑；使为难→__________adj. 困惑的；烦恼的→__________令人困惑的→__________n. 困惑；混乱

2．__________vt. 遗憾；惋惜 n. 遗憾；懊悔→__________adj. 遗憾的；后悔的→__________adv. 遗憾地；痛惜地

3．__________adj. 化学的；关于化学的→__________n. 化学 4．__________n. 矿物；矿石→__________n. 矿；矿山

5．__________n. 生产；制造→__________vt. 生产；制造→__________n. 生产者；制片人

6．__________n. 发现；发觉→__________vt. 发现→__________n. 发现者 7．__________n. 总结；摘要；概要→__________vt. 总结；概括 [答案] 1.confuse；confused；confusing；confusion 2．regret；regretful；regretfully 3.chemical；chemistry 4．mineral；mine 5.production；produce；producer

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6．discovery；discover；discoverer 7．summary；summarize Ⅲ.重点短语

1．cause damage to __________________ 2．wash off __________________ 3．build up __________________ 4．lead to __________________

5．集中(注意力、精力等)于 __________________ 6．使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物) __________________ 7．另外 __________________

8．转向；向……求助 __________________ 9．每(隔)几年 __________________

[答案] 1.给……造成损害 2.将……洗掉；洗净 3．逐渐增强；建立；开发 4.导致；造成(后果)；通向…… 5．focus on 6.keep...free from/of 7.in addition 8．turn to 9.every few years Ⅳ.重点句式

1．have been doing 现在完成进行时

Recently，however，scientists __________________that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and，even more dangerous，to people's health.

然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。

2．too...to... “太……而不能……”句式

In addition，fruit，vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow __________fast __________be full of much nutrition.

另外，施过化肥的水果、蔬菜和其他食物通常生长得过快而营养不足。 3．现在分词短语作结果状语

Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil，__________________such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.

像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物，比如小麦或玉米。

[答案] 1.have been finding 2.too；to 3.making it ready for crops Ⅴ.课文理解

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1．From the passage，we can see organic farmers are those who__________. A．grow crops with chemical fertilizers B．grow crops with natural fertilizers C．produce organic fertilizers D．care for the environment

2．From the fourth paragraph，we know that__________. A．it's not good to plant grass between crops B．peanuts use the surface of soil

C．peas and soybeans should be grown together with corn and wheat D．vegetables that put down deep roots are harmful to the soil 3．Farmers__________so that the soil may not get exhausted. A．grow the same crops year after year B．use natural fertilizers C．change crops every few years D．use chemical fertilizers

4．How many ways do the organic farmers have to keep their soil fertile and healthy?

A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. [答案] 1～4 BBCB

教材原文

CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?

Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.Recently, however，scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.

What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers？First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore，animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.

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In addition，fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.

With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.

Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots.Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people's health.

译文参照

化学耕作还是有机耕作？

在过去的半个世纪里，在耕作中使用化学肥料已经非常普遍。许多农民喜欢使用化肥，把化肥作为防治农作物病虫害和增产的重要手段。然而，最近科学家们发现长期使用这些肥料会对土地造成损害，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。

化学肥料都能造成哪些问题呢？首先，它们杀死有害细菌和害虫的同时也杀死了有益细菌和益虫，从而对土地造成损害。化学肥料还会在土壤和地下水中保存很长时间。这将会影响农作物，因此影响到动物和人类，因为化学物质会进入到农作物里面，并且不能被冲洗掉。食物中的这些化学物质会随着时间的推移而在人体内逐渐堆积。很多化学物质能导致癌症或其他疾病。另外，使用化学肥料种植的水果、蔬菜和其他食物通常生长过快而缺少足够的营养。它们可能看起来很好，但里面通常含更多的水分而不是维生素和矿物质。

由于这些发现，一些农民和很多消费者开始转向有机耕作。有机耕作就是不使用任何化学肥料的耕作。他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。健康的土壤能减少病害并促进农作

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