高考英语知识点之句型短语

高中英语知识点之句型短语

1．高考常见句型短语

（1）act短语：

act as 担任??职务，起??作用 act out 表演（对话、故事等） 例如：

Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。) The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus. He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot. （2）break短语：

break away 摆脱，脱离

break away from ? 脱离??，奋力挣脱??

break into ? 闯入??，破门而入

break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解 break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭 （3）bring短语：

bring about 引起，导致，使发生 bring back 拿回来，使恢复

bring along 把??带来，领来 bring sb back 送回某人

break the rule 违反规定

break through 突围，冲跨 break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止

act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）

act up 捣乱，出毛病

bring sth / sb back to life 使??生动/活泼，使??苏醒 （比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒） bring down 使??降低，减少，使??倒下，使??落下

bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价 [比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格下降 /上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进

bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring to 使苏醒

bring ? to use = put ?to use 对??加以利用

bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施??（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施） bring up 抚养，培养，哺育 例如：

A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests. You’re welcome to bring along a friend.

The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation (通货膨胀). American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year. This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s.

Stress can bring on (=lead to / result in) headaches and other illnesses.

Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles. He was brought up by his grandparents. （4）call短语：

call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地） [比较：call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人）] call back 回电话

call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人 call / shout for help 呼救 call off 取消

call out 大声呼喊，叫喊 call sb names 谩骂某人 （5）come短语：

come about 发生，产生

come across 偶然相遇 come at ? 向??袭击

come down 下来，下落，传下

come along 来，随同，进展，加油 come back 回来，想起来，复活 come for? 来拿，来取

call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话 call on / upon 号召 call up 给??打电话，使人想起，号召

call sb?for short 简称某人??

come down to? 到达，从一处来到另一处

come from? 来自，出生于 come into being 形成，产生 come off 脱落，从??离开

come in 进来，进入

come into use 使用起来

come on 过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶快

come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现 come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开 come over to? 过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方 come round / around （非正式）来访，串门

come to ? 来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒 come to an end 结束，终止

come to know 逐渐地知道

come to life （变得）活泼，苏醒过来 come to light 显露，为人所知 come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉 come true 变为现实，成为事实

come up 被提出，上来，走来，上升，抬头，长出来 come up to sb 朝某人走来

come up with ? 提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上 例如：

A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report. I came across an old friend of mine in the street the other day. Your English is coming along really well. Come along / on! Don’t give up yet! Come along / on! We’re all waiting for you! Suddenly, he came at me with a knife.

Now, let’s come back to what I was saying a moment ago. It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.

Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window.

come to / into power 当权，上台

come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to terms with? 甘心忍受

The airplane came down in that field.

Where does the film star come from, do you know?

Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand (= with a book in his hand). The law first came into being in 1912.

By the time he came to / into power in 1951, he was already seventy. How long is it since the electronic computer came into use? The button came off, but he didn’t notice it.

There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day. The trees turn green and flowers come out. This magazine comes out once a month.

Why don’t you come around / round for lunch?

Some day you’ll come to know the mistakes you have made.

If they don’t come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned. I’ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’ll come to me later. The bill came to ￡480 in total.

His dream of becoming a film star came true at last. A child came up to me and showed me the way. The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday.

They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday.

Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter I’d been looking for. （6）cut短语：

cut away 切除，剪去

cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减

cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入

cut in line 插队

cut ? into pieces / halves 把??切成碎片/切成两半 cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应） cut out 删除，剪下来

cut the cost of ? 降低??的成本 cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉 例如：

He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful. A lot of trees there were cut down in the past. The electricity was cut off because of the storm.

He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day. Could you cut the pizza up, please? （7）do短语：

do about 处理，应付

do and don’t 要与不要 do a word puzzle 猜字谜 do chores 处理琐事，干家务

do one’s best 尽某人最大努力 do research on? 从事??研究工作

do a good deed 做一件好事 do a test 做实验，做化验

do a lot of walking 走很多路

do an experiment / experiments 做实验 do away with 废除 do body-building 做健身操 do housework 做家务活 do observations 观察

do make-up 化妆，打扮

do one’s homework 做作业 do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙

do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意 do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事 do some reading 读书，阅读，看点书 do some shopping = go shopping 购物，买东西

do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼 do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事 do telephone interviews 进行电话采访 do the laundry 洗衣服

do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好 do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头 do up the button 扣纽扣 do with 处理，处置，对付 例如：

To tell the truth, I don’t know how to do with him. I’ll have nothing to do with him from now on. What did you do with that camera you found?

The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us. Eat more fruit; it will do good to you.

I think I can do better in English this year than last year.

Liszt said, “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.” I’m going to do my best this year. I was only trying to do a good deed. （8）get短语：

get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国 get a full mark / full marks 得满分 get at 意指，本意是

get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离 get close to 接近 get in 进入，收获，达到 get into? 进入??

get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足 get around = get about 四处走动，活动 get away from 逃脱，逃离

get down 下来，降下

do well / better in? 在??方面干得好/更好

do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing 做得对）

get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还

get down on one’s knees 跪下 get down to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）

get in a word 插话 get sb into? 使某人陷入

get on / along with? 进展，与??相处 get over 克服，恢复，原谅

get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得 get off 下车，脱下（衣服等） get on 上车，过活

get on one’s feet （艰难地）站立起来 get out 离开，出去 get out of 逃避，避免 get up 起床，起身 get to 到达，抵达

get across 理解，度过

get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着

get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试） get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领