高级英语第一册Unit 1课文 - 百度文库

16. the order of the day: the normal way of doing things; that which is of the greatest general interest at a p. time; prevailing state of things.

1) They failed to act since confusion was the order of the day at the headquarters. 2) His period was a building age, when competition was the order of the day. 3) Coordination and mutual help have become the order of the day.

4) Going to the dining-hall, hurrying to the classroom and then coming back to the dorm is the order of the day for the students.

17. leisure cf. leisurely

I. leisure: n. /U/ the time when you are not working or doing other duties 1) Most people only have a limited amount of leisure (time).

2) The town lacks leisure facilities such as a swimming pool or squash courts.

3) Leisure wear / clothes / garments are clothes that are worn for relaxing in when you are not at work. II. leisurely: a leisurely action is one that is done in a relaxed way, without hurrying: We enjoyed a leisurely picnic lunch on the lawn.

Sue ran out of the room in tears, followed, at a more leisurely pace, by her husband.

18. bargain price

drive a hard bargain over sth. the asking price/ a retail price a real bargain a long (heavy) price/ a cost price

bargainee a net price/ a wholesale price/ price tag/war bargainor current price/ an administrated price bargainer a selling price/ a reduced price into the bargain: in addition to what has already mentioned or was expected I¡¯m tired and extremely hungry-with a headache into the bargain.

19. a point of honor (conscience): sth. of vital importance to one¡¯s honor or conscience; to one¡¯s self-respect

1) It is a point of honor with me /anyone to live an honest and upright life. 2) It was a point of honor with him to avenge any insult to his family.

20. make a point of: regard or treat it as necessary; try one¡¯s best to insist on doing sth.

1) He always makes a point of being where he should be at the exact time arranged.£¨be punctual)

2) To realize our goal of the four modernizations, we make a point of learning the strong points of all nations, learning all that genuinely good in the political, scientific and technical fields and in art and literature.

3) The teachers make a point of making strict demands on the students. 4) Tourists to Beijing make a point of visiting the Great Wall.

21. deprive sb. of sth: take away; prevent from using or enjoying 1) What would a student do if he were deprived of his books? 2) An accident deprived him of his sight.

3) Too many trees round a house deprive it of light and air. 4) These misfortunes almost deprived him of his reasons. 5) Deprivation of one¡¯s rights as a citizen

22. at intervals: occasionally/ at long / short intervals/ at regular intervals

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1) Buses are running at 15-minute intervals.

2) He yawned at intervals during the performance. 3) There are farm houses at intervals along the road. 23. impinge: have an effect (impact) on; strike. 1) These decrees impinge on our liberty. 2) Rays of light impinge on the eye.

3) Our country¡¯s sovereignty should by no means be impinged upon. 4) September 11 is a political incident that impinges on everyone¡¯s life. impinge upon one¡¯s authority/ Cf. encroach (on, upon) sb¡¯s rights /land

We¡¯ll never allow anybody to encroach upon China¡¯s territorial integrity and sovereignty.

24. distinct: easily heard, seen, understood away: constantly, continuously

1) The earth¡¯s shadow on the moon was quite distinct. 2) There is a distinct improvement in her oral English.

3) He was working away at his academic thesis (dissertation). 4) She was laughing (muttering, grumbling¡­) away.

25. take a hand (in): help, play a part in Do you know your own hands?

Thumb/ index ~; forefinger; first ~; trick ~/ middle ~; long ~/ ring ~; third ~; medicine ~ small ~; little ~

1) Don¡¯t fool around. Come and take a hand in the cleaning.

2) If the strike continues, the government will have to take a hand in the negotiations. 3) That old man also took a hand in digging.

4) Frank always takes a hand in the washing-up after dinner.

26. be (very much) attached to: be fond of; be bound to by love or affection

attach: fix; fasten; join; belong to; to cause to join as a member of sth. in action,; to come to; to come from;

1) He attached himself to the group of climbers.

2) His firm attached him to the sales division of the business. 3) No blame/guilt attaches to him for the accident. 4) She is deeply attached to her younger brother. 5) He is foolishly attached to old customs. 6) aid with no conditions attached Cf. attach¨¦: (Fr.) a person who is employed to help the representative (ambassador) of one country in another country (commercial attach¨¦/ cultural attach¨¦/ legal attach¨¦/ military attach¨¦/ press attach¨¦/ navy attach¨¦) Cf. clich¨¦

27. bellows: a device with an air bag that emits a stream of air when squeezed

28. live: live coal/ live fish/ a live bomb/cartridge shell/ a live match/ live wire/ a live broadcast a live question or issue or topic

a live person/ live metal/ a live picture/ live colors

29. delicate: very fine in texture or structure; of intricate workmanship or quality

porcelain of delicate workmanship/ delicate health/ a delicate vase/ a delicate diplomatic question a delicate sense of smell/ a delicate ear for music

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30.Kitchenware= kitchen utensils

Earthenware ÌÕÆ÷/ Glassware²£Á§Æ÷¾ß/ Silverware/ Stoneware´ÉÆ÷/ WoodenwareľÖÆÓþß

31. profusion: plenty; great or too great amount

32. varied: implies more than ¡°different¡±; stresses the idea of full of changes or variety, having numerous forms or types.

1) a varied assortment of candies/birds of varied kinds/live a varied life/varied flowers, fashions, ideas, words, etc.

33. bold: strongly marked; clearly formed 1) the bold outline of a mountain

2) a painting made with a few bold (free and vigorous) brush strokes 3) bold-----fine

34. pungent: sharp, stinging to the taste of smell, (comment ,criticism) having sharp and caustic quality (pungent article/ pungent style/ pungent characters/ the pungent smell of frying onion/ pungent gas/ pungent sauce/ pungent sarcasm/ a pungent remark)

35. exotic: not only foreign, but also out of the ordinary; strikingly or excitingly different or unusual -- (of plants, fashions, words, ideas) introduced from another country; -- exotic birds

-- They love to visit exotic places.

-- He planted exotics in the sheltered garden.

-- exotica: objects considered strange or interesting because they are out of the ordinary, especially because they originated from a distant foreign country -- exotic dancer: striptease dancer

36. linseed

37. a cavern of a room (metaphor for vividness) -- He was a tyrant of a landlord.

-- They live in a matchbox of a house.

-- Before him stood a little shrimp of a fellow. -- Delilah is a snake of a woman. -- Scarlet is a tiny sparrow of a girl.

38. massive: large, heavy, solid, heavy-looking; substantial, impressive

a massive monument/ a massive forehead/ massive erudite (erudition)/ a massive dose C.f.: huge: immensity of bulk: a ~ pole; vast: of extent: a ~ expanse of the sky bulky/ massy/ monumental/ substantial

39. extract: take or get out (by force); obtain by chemical or mechanical operation (pressure, distillation, evaporation, treatment with a solvent

1) The dentist extracted her wisdom tooth.

-- to extract a letter from the pocket; a bullet from a wound, juice from sugarcanes, oil from olive -- to extract money or information from sb. who is unwilling to give it (cf. extort)

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-- vanilla extract

40. ramshackle: shaky

ramshackle apparatus/ ramshackle building/ ramshackle table/ ramshackle old lady ramshackle cottage/ ramshackle oildrill

41. tower: rise to a great height, be very tall, esp. in relation to the height of the surroundings the skyscrapers tower over New York. Ancient trees towered to the sky.

(fig.) a man who towers above his contemporaries ( a person eminent, greatly exceeds in ability, in intellectual or moral qualities

42. dwarf: cause to appear/make look small by contrast or distance Snow White and Seven Dwarves

43. ooze: (of moisture, thick liquids) pass slowly through small openings. 1) Blood was still oozing from the wound in his scalp.

ooze: (of moisture, thick liquids) pass slowly through small openings

2) As the German psychiatrist Sigmund Freud noted, ¡°Though we may lie with our lips, betrayal oozes out of us at every pore.¡±

44. glisten: sparkle, shine brightly

1) a big pair of eyes glistening with tears 2) His cheeks glistened with tears.

Cf. flash: sudden outburst of flame or light

-- flash of lightning; a flash of wit/hope/ inspiration -- glow: send out brightness or warmth without flame -- glowworm; afterglow;

IV. A painting of a description: The author extensively applies the technique of contrast: -- of noise and silence,

-- of brightness and darkness, -- of heat and coolness,

-- of tiny apprentice and huge leather bellows,

-- of a sunlit courtyard and a sombre cavern of a room

-- to resemble the light and shade, brightness and darkness of a picture.

-- a speeding up of the rhythm of the description, which resembles the quickening of the pace of a melody.

V. Rhetorical devices employed in the text: 1. antithesis:

--dwarf---tower

-- tiny apprentice---huge bellows -- heat---cool; -- glare---dark

-- sumptuous dinner---humble meal¡­

2. Onomatopoeia: words imitating the sounds associated with the thing concerned

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