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［误］ I have borrowed this book for two weeks. ［正］ I have kept this book for two weeks.
［析］ 截止性动词有完成时态，但不可和与表达一段时间的时间状语连用。如：When I got to the cinema the film had begun. 但要讲When I got to the cinema the film had be on for five minutes 这样的用法还有buy, join, die, 如：I bought this book yesterday.我昨天买的这本书。 I have had this book for two days. 这本书我已买了两天了。
I joined the club two years ago.两年前我加入了这个俱乐部。 I have been in this club for two years. 我加入这个俱乐部已两年了。 My father died five years ago. 我父亲是5年前去世的。 My father has been dead for five years. 我父亲已去世5年了。 ［误］ Have you understood the lessons? ［正］ Do you understand the lessons?
［析］ 有些动词不易用完成时态，它们是understand, think, believe, know (知道)
［误］ It was said that the Second World War had broken out in 1939. ［误］ It was said that the Second World War was broken out in 1939.
［析］ 在讲述过去的历史事件时，总要用过去时而不要用完成时，而且happen, break out, take place作为发生讲时均没有被动语态。
［误］ When I walked along the street. I happened to meet an old friend. ［正］ When I was walking along the street I happened to meet an old friend. ［析］ 在一个长动作发生或进行的过程中，某一突然事件发生，这时长动作应用进行时(现在进行时或过去进行时)，而突发性动作用一般时(一般现在时或一般过去时)，如：When my father is reading a newspaper the telephone rings. ［误］ Please buy a book for me. ［正］ Please buy me a book. ［正］ Please buy a book to me.
［析］ 在接双宾语的动词后面的两个宾语，一个是直接宾语，一个是间接宾语，如：Buy me a book中me是间接宾语，而a book是直接宾语。如果将直接
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宾语前置，其后应加to，如： Tell me a story. Tell a story to me. Give me a book. Give a book to me.
［误］ He was seen come into the book store. ［正］ He was seen to come into the book store.
［析］ 在主动语态中，有时可以加不带to的不定式作宾语，如：I saw him come into the book store.但如果变为被动语态时，则要将省略的to还原。当然这些动词还可以加动名词作宾语，如： I saw him coming into the book store, 如变为被动语态时，则没有变化。如：He was seen coming into the book store. ［误］ How nice the book is! Is it sold well? ［正］ How nice the book is! Does it sell well?
［析］ 有些动词可以表示一种动作，但也可以用来表示某种性质，表示动作时可用被动语态，在表示性质时则不可用被动语态。如： This book sells well. 这本书畅销。 This car drives easily. 这车容易驾驶。 These clothes wash easily. 这些衣服好洗。 在作上述表达时，不要用被动语态。而要讲： This kind of book was sold out. (这种书卖完了)
These clothes were washed by the washing machine. 这时要用被动语态，因为它描述的是具体动作。
［误］ Must I do it now? No. you mustn't.
［正］ Must I do it now? No, you needn't.
［析］ need用在疑问句和否定句中常用作情态动词，其后接不带to的不定式。由must提问的问句作答语时，如是肯定的要用must,否定的要用needn't，即为没有必要。在肯定句中常用作实意动词，如：I need to wait for my boy. ［误］ Is this book yours? Yes, It's.
［正］ Is this book yours? Yes, It is.
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［析］ 在肯定的回答中不要用缩写形式，而在否定的回答中可以用缩写形式，如：No. It isn't.
［误］ I'll have my bike repair tomorrow. ［正］ I'll have my bike repaired tomorrow.
［析］ have+人+动词原形或现在分词意为：让某人作某事，如：My father had me to learn how to drive， 或My father had me doing my homework from morning till might have+物+动词的过去分词为某件事被别人完成。如：I have my hair cut.我去理发。而不是自己理发。如果讲我想自己作某事，则用I want to repair my bike myself.
［误］ I'll get my brother repair the bike for you. ［正］ I'll get my brother to repair the bike for you.
［析］ have与get的用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。相同之处，如：have something done, 也可用get something done, 或have (get) somebody doing something但不同之处在于have somebody do something 在用get时则要用get somebody to do something。
［误］ I have to study on Saturday but I haven't to study a full day ［正］ I have to study on Saturday， but I don't have to study a full day. ［析］ have to 不得不，而don't have to 为其否定式。
［误］ Is Tom in the classroom? No. He mustn't be in the classroom, because I saw him talking with our teacher in the office just now.
［正］ Is Tom in the classroom? No. He can't be in the classroom because I saw him talking with our teacher in the office just now.
［析］ must 加动词原形表达一种比较肯定的推测，而表示否定的推测则要用can't。
［误］ My grandpa is over eighty but he is able to read without glasses. ［正］ My grandpa is over eighty， but he can read without glasses.
［析］ can (could) 多用于表达客观的事实，主观能力，而be able to 则多用于表达主观的意愿。
［误］ She doesn't answer the doorbell. She should be asleep.
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［正］ She doesn't answer the doorbell. She must be asleep
［析］ should 用于现在时态的句子中应译为\应该\，如：You should do your homework right away. 而 must加动词原形表示一种推测。 ［误］ Do you like to go with us? ［正］ Would you like to go with us?
［析］ Do you like…问的是习惯，如：Do you like swimming? 而would you like是一次性的邀请。
［误］ I am used to get up early in the morning. ［正］ I am used to getting up early in the morning.
［析］ used to 共有三种用法，① 表示过去的习惯，如：I used to live with my parents. ② 表示过去的习惯延续到现在，如：I am used to swimming in the river. ③ 用于被动语态，如： Oil is used to cook ［误］ To play with the children are very interesting. ［正］ To play with the children is very interesting.
［析］ 不定式作主语时，应视为单数主语，特别是两个不定式用and作连词作主语时，如指的是一件事也应用单数谓语动词。如：To get up early and to go to sleep early is good for your health.
［误］ He asked me do my homework alone. ［正］ He asked me to do my homework alone.
［析］ 某些动词要求不定式作其宾语或宾语补足语，它们是：ask somebody to do something 要求某人做某事。 tell somebody to do something 告诉某人做某事 还有prepare 准备， decide 决定， happen to 碰巧， seem 似乎。 ［误］ he told me to drive a car. ［正］ He told me how to drive a car.
［析］ 要学会疑问词加不定式的用法，特别要注意的是what是疑问代词，而how是疑问副词。如：I want to know what to do. (我想知道干什么)。 I want to know how to do it. (我想知道如何去作)。 要注意的是how to do it 中的it是不可少的，因how是疑问副词，不能作及物动词的宾语，而what是疑问代词，可做do的宾语，所以what to do 后不要加it。
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