最新高考英语阅读理解(人物故事)练习题及答案含解析

（3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇名人传记，讲述了Bacow的个人成功之路。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“his family's journey had reflected the power of college education to transform generations and the opportunities that have historically been available in the United States.”他的家庭经历反映了大学教育改变几代人的力量，以及美国历史上一直存在的机遇。可知选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Yet Bacow, who is married with two sons, said that while growing up in Michigan, he had a happy childhood, entering science fairs as a child and building radios like his dad.”Bacow欣赏大学教育的原因是他的家庭因为大学教育改变了他们的命运”。可知，Bacow的父亲擅长电子产品。故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“He is also credited with leading it through both 9/11 and the 2008 financial crisis.”他还因领导美国度过911和2008年金融危机而受到赞誉。可知，Bacow earned a reputation for shaking up a sleepy university that was being overshadowed by its peers in Boston.“Bacow因改变了一所沉睡的在波士顿的其他大学面前黯然失色的大学而赢得了声誉。”推知划线词的意思是“使……恢复”。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“Under Bacow's leadership, Tufts spent millions on labs and libraries. He also made addresses nationally about the need to make higher education more accessible and affordable to low-income students.”在Bacow的领导下，Tufts花了数百万美元在实验室和图书馆上。他还在全国范围内发表演讲，阐述让低收入学生更容易接受和负担得起高等教育的必要性。”本文讲述的是Bacow的个人成功之路。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

I'd like to share a little story with you about something that happened when I was four. I remember it clearly. Our loving family dog was nearing the end of his life. My father picked him up and put him in a little bed we had made for him. Our dog, my companion, whom we had cared for, bit my father when he attempted to help him. How could he? Why? I couldn't understand it. I didn't like him anymore.

I hadn't thought about that story for a long time but something that happened last week brought it back to me. I went to speak with a friend. When I knocked on the door, I met in an instant an angry look and a few harsh(尖刻的)words. When the door was slammed(砰地关上)in my face, I stood there shocked, and in a rush, I was reminded of my dog bit my father 20 years ago or so. What brought that story back was that same feeling of betrayal.

Both stories taught me something the next day. You see, when I got up in the morning and was told my dog had died, it became clear to me that he must have been in great pain. For him to have bitten a family member, he could not have been himself. Much the same for the other story when I learned that my friend's wife had just left him.

We are all beings of our environments, our opinions and feelings. And all of those things can cause you to say and do things that can't be understood by those who are not in the same situation with you.

If you meet someone either behaving out of character or acting in a way that doesn't seem to fit the situation, put out your hand and be patient when you think it is least possible for him to do so. You may turn around a story that has a sad ending simply by your actions. （1）What is the influence of the incident mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. It hurt his father's feeling deeply. B. It has puzzled the author ever since. C. It left a deep impression on the author. D. It made the author dislike dogs.

（2）Why did the author's friend say harsh words to the author? A. He was ill-tempered.

B. He was suffering the pain of losing his wife. C. He was bothered by an unexpected visit.

D. They once quarreled and he couldn't forgive the author. （3）What's the author's advice to us? A. Help those in need. B. Look before you leap.

C. Respect for others is a kind of virtue. D. Learn to put yourself in others' shoes. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者朋友因为失去妻子很痛苦以不友好的态度对待作者，使作者想起了20年前狗狗咬了父亲这件事情，从两件事情中得出了一个道理：很多因素都会影响人的行为，所以最后总结出，当我们看到别人出乎意料的行为的时候，要以理解的态度耐心的对待他人。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I'd like to share a little story with you about something that happened when I was four．I remember it clearly，”可知作者对这件事情的印象很深刻，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Much the same for the other story when I learned that my friend's wife had just left him，”可知作者的朋友因为失去了妻子而内心很痛苦所以才会用这样的不友好的态度对待作者，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“be patient when you think it is least possible for him to do so”，可知当看到别人出乎意料的举动的时候，不要责怪，要耐心地理解他们，用最好的方式去对待，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. In 1888 an Egyptian farmer digging in the sand near the village of Istabl Antar uncovered a mass grave. The bodies weren't human. They were feline — ancient cats that had been mummified(木乃伊化的) and buried in holes in astonishing numbers. \there\English Illustrated Magazine, \layer of them, a layer thicker than most coal joints, ten to twenty cats deep. \wrapped cats still looked presentable, and a few even had golden faces. Village children peddled the best ones to tourists for change; the rest were sold as fertilizer. One ship transported about 180,000, weighing some 38, 000 pounds, to Liverpool to be spread on the fields of England. Those were the days of generously funded explorations—that dragged through acres of desert in their quest for royal tombs, and for splendid gold and painted masks to decorate the estates and museums of Europe and America. The many thousands of mummified animals that turned up at religious sites throughout Egypt were just things to be cleared away to get at the good stuff. Few people studied them, and their importance was generally unrecognized.

In the century since then, archaeology has become less of a treasure hunt and more of a science. Archaeologists now realize that much of their sites' wealth lies in the majority of details about ordinary folks—what they did, what they thought, how they prayed. And animal mummies are a big part of that.

\really displays of daily life,\says Egyptologist Salima Ikram. After peering beneath bandages with x-rays and cataloguing her findings, she created a gallery for the collection — a bridge between people today and those of long ago. \suddenly you say, Oh, King So-and-So had a pet. I have a pet. And instead of being at a distance of 5,000-plus years, the ancient Egyptians become clearer and closer to us.\

（1）Which of the following words has the closest meaning to \peddled\ A. modernized B. displayed C. illustrated D. demonstrated （2）Why was archaeology once referred to as a \treasure hunt \ A. In the royal tombs, there were many treasures made of silver and gold. B. Animal mummies could be made into fertilizer which is very valuable. C. It was hard to find animal mummies since they were buried under dirt. D. People sought the remains of ancient Egypt merely for their material value. （3）Which of the following is TRUE about Salima Ikram? A. She wishes to establish the continuity of pets over history.

B. She believes that studying the remains can help modern society relate to the past. C. She wants to identify the King's personal belongings and classify them.

D. She doubts if current society will understand the significance of Egyptian remains. （4）This article probably encourages the readers to _____________. A. value the past by studying the remains left behind by our ancestors B. make full use of the remains our ancestors have left behind

C. understand that animal mummies are more important than gold and masks D. become more sensitive to the ancient lifestyle of our ancestors 【答案】 （1）B

（2）D （3）B （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，自从1888年在埃及发现了猫动物的木乃伊之后，大量的皇家墓穴被挖掘，成千上万的木乃伊被运往世界各地，以攫取物质利益。后来考古学家不再只是寻宝，而是把它作为一门科学研究。因为木乃伊展示了古埃及人的日常生活。正如古物学家萨利玛·伊克拉姆所说，木乃伊的研究是现代社会和过去的联系的桥梁。 （1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中 \children peddled the best ones to tourists for change; the rest were sold as fertilizer.\可知，peddled后的\即\把最好的给游客来换取零钱\，可知，此处的peddled是\兜售\给游客以换取零钱，可知peddle就是向他人炫耀从而售出，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。第二段叙述了\最初考古是为了寻找皇家陵墓，寻找华丽的黄金和彩绘面具来装饰欧洲和美洲的地产和博物馆。成千上万的来自古埃及的动物木乃伊出现在埃及各地的宗教场所，但很少有人研究它们\。可知，考古就是寻宝，为了物质上的价值。以及第三段中的“ In the century since then, archaeology has become less of a treasure hunt and more of a science. ”从那以后的一个世纪里，考古学已不再是寻宝，而是一门科学，可知，他们寻找古埃及的遗迹仅仅是为了他们的物质价值。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“she created a gallery for the collection — a bridge between people today and those of long ago.”可知，Salima Ikram把她的发现进行分类之后，她为这些收藏品创建了一个画廊——一座连接今天的人和很久以前的人的桥梁。以及她的话\have a pet. And instead of being at a distance of 5,000-plus years, the ancient Egyptians become clearer and closer to us.\\你看着这些动物木乃伊，突然你说，哦，国王某某养了一只宠物。我有一只宠物。古埃及人与我们之间的距离不再是5000多年前的事了，而是变得更加清晰，离我们更近了。\由此可推断出她认为研究这些遗迹有助于把现代社会与过去联系起来。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。本文主要叙述了古代埃及的木乃伊展示了古代埃及人的日常生活，是了解它们的途径，有助于在现代社会与过去的之间建立一座桥梁。通过研究它们可以让我们正确的评估过去。分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

PTSD(战后创伤) is sadly a common affliction(折磨) for many soldiers who have witnessed conflict, an invisible wound that continues to cause incredible suffering long after the guns have fallen silent.

\Marino, a veteran (退伍兵)of the Iraq war who suffered the effects of PTSD of suicide .