最新高考英语阅读理解(人物故事)练习题及答案含解析

最新高考英语阅读理解(人物故事)练习题及答案含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类 1．阅读理解

Unbelievable Stories of Animals Acting Just Like Humans Horses are picky eaters

Horses have an even better sense of smell than humans do. When horses raise their noses and open their nostrils (鼻孔) , their nervous system allows them to sense smells we can't sense. This might explain why they refuse dirty water and carefully move around meadows, eating only the tastiest grasses, experts say. Whale says thanks

In 2011, a whale expert spotted a humpback whale trapped in a fishing net and spent an hour freeing it. Afterward, in an hour-long display of thanks, the whale swam near their boat and leaped into the air about 40 times. Pandas like to be naughty

Is there anything more lovely than a baby panda, except maybe a human baby? In fact, baby pandas sometimes behave like human babies. They sleep in the same positions and value their thumbs. Pandas are shy by nature for its shy behaviors such as covering its face with a paw of ducking its head when confronted by a stranger. A cat honors its owner

Paper towels, and a plastic cup are just a few of the gifts that Toldo, a devoted three-year-old gray-and-white cat, has placed on his former owner Iozzelli Renzo's grave every day since the man died in September 2011. Renzo adopted Toldo from a shelter when the cat was three months old, and the two formed an inseparable bond. After Renzo passed away, Toldo followed the coffin to the cemetery, and now \ （1）What can horses do to pick delicious grasses?

A. Feel them. B. Taste them. C. Smell them. D. Observe them. （2）What do the whale and the cat have in common according to the passage? A. They are clever. B. They have a grateful heart. C. They are active and lovely. D. They have a good sense of smell.

（3）Which of the following acts like a human baby according to the passage? A. The whale. B. The cat. C. The horse. D. The panda. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了4个令人难以置信的动物与人类行为类似的故事。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Horses are picky eaters部分介绍的内容可知，马的嗅觉比人类还要强。当马抬起鼻子打开鼻孔时，它们的神经系统让它们感觉到我们感觉不到的气味。

因此它们能够拒绝脏水，只吃最美味的草。这说明马靠嗅觉辨别草的好坏。故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据Whale says thanks可知，这条鲸鱼通过跳跃表达对拯救它的救命恩人的感激。根据A cat honors its owner的内容可知，这只猫到墓地去怀念自己的主人。由此可知，两者共同之处在于都有一颗感恩之心。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Pandas like to be naughty 中的“In fact, baby pandas sometimes behave like human babies”可知，熊猫宝宝的行为与人类的婴儿相似。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

For most of her life, Suanne Laqueur's passion for storytelling was shown on the dance floor. Although Laqueur began writing at a young age, dancing always took center stage. She majored in dance and theater at Alfred University and taught at her mother's dance studio in Croton-on-Hudson, New York, for years. But when her mother was ready to retire and an opportunity opened for Laqueur to take over the studio, she realized she had no interest in taking on the business side of her art: \a studio is a lot of work—financially, logistically. I love the teaching, the choreographing(编舞), the staging, but I didn't want to own it.\

Yet Laqueur's disinterest in running the studio changed when she became a self-published author. In the fall of 2013, she decided to pursue Self-publishing as a way of sharing her first completed novel with friends and family. During the process, she realized that following her true passion—telling stories through writing—made the business of the art worthwhile, and owning that business meant she could direct her writing career however she chose.

Starting with her second self-published novel, she began investing more time in marketing and building her audience. Her investment paid off. Since 2014, Laqueur, now 49, has self-published six novels, which collectively have hundreds of ratings and reviews on Goodreads. Her 2016 novel An Exaltation of Larks stole the show at the 25th Annual Writer's Digest Self-Published Book Awards, topping more than 2,300 entries to win the grand prize.

\have to write the most truthful story to you, and I think self-publishing allows that freedom,' she says. \There are trade-offs, which everyone will tell you, but by self-publishing I have control of the book, I have control of the story, and I'm cool with that.\ （1）From Paragraph 2, we can learn that Laqueur _______. A. was a part-time writer when she was young B. didn't like teaching dancing in fact C. wanted to own a publishing house

D. was interested in running her mother's studio

（2）What made Laqueur change her attitude to business? A. Her mother's persuasion. B. The desire to make money. C. Self-publishing her novels. D. Her own passion toward art.

（3）Which of the following can best replace the phrase \ A. became a failure. B. was shown to people.

C. got all the attention. D. was accidentally stolen. （4）What can be inferred from what Laqueur's said? A. Self-publishing will replace traditional publishing. B. She will never use traditional publishing. C. Traditional publishing only focuses on the market. D. She enjoys the way of self-publishing. 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，苏安妮·拉克尔大半生教舞蹈，设计舞蹈，在舞台表演，以舞蹈的形式讲述故事。后来，成为一名自主出版的作家，自费出版了自己的小说。2016年，她的小说《云雀的狂欢》在第25届《作家文摘》(Writer 's Digest)自出版图书奖上大出风头。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Although Laqueur began writing at a young age, dancing always took center stage. She majored in dance and theater at Alfred University and taught at her mother's dance studio in Croton-on-Hudson,”可知，跳舞始终是Laqueur的中心。她在阿尔弗雷德大学主修舞蹈和戏剧，并在她母亲的舞蹈工作室任教多年。可知，Laqueur是一个兼职作家。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Yet Laqueur's disinterest in running the studio changed when she became a self-published author. In the fall of 2013, she decided to pursue Self-publishing as a way of sharing her first completed novel with friends and family.”可知，当她成为一名自主出版 的 作家，想出版自己的小说时，改变了她对商业的态度。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Her 2016 novel An Exaltation of Larks stole the show at the 25th Annual Writer's Digest Self-Published Book Awards, topping more than 2,300 entries to win the grand prize.”可知“第25届年度作家文摘出版图书颁奖上，2300多篇作品获得了大奖”。可知，这是大出风头，吸引了所有人的关注，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段Laqueur所言“There are trade-offs, which everyone will tell you, but by self-publishing I have control of the book, I have control of the story, and I'm cool with that.”可知，她认为自主出版的方式让她能出版自己的书，自己要写的故事。她对此很满意。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

The new president of Harvard University is the son of an Eastern European refugee and Auschwitz (奥斯威辛) survivor—Lawrence S. Bacow. His father worked full time while attending a state college in Detroit at night to earn his degree.

Bacow, the former president of Tufts University, has taken over Harvard at a time when higher education is under attack for being financially out of reach to many Americans. But Bacow said

his family's journey had reflected the power of college education to transform generations and the opportunities that have historically been available in the United States.

\country had not been open to people like my parents at that time. Nor would I if my father hadn't had the opportunity to get the college education.\

Bacow grew up in Pontiac, Michigan. His father's family fled anti-Jewish (反犹太的) violence in Minsk, then part of the Soviet Union, before the start of World War II and went to the United States. His mother arrived in Brooklyn at age 19, having survived Auschwitz concentration camp. She was the only Jew from her town to have survived the war. Yet Bacow, who is married with two sons, said that while growing up in Michigan, he had a happy childhood, entering science fairs as a child and building radios like his dad.

Bacow has spent most of his professional career at MIT, Harvard and Tufts. He was a professor of environmental studies at MIT, and later a principal at the university. He led Tufts from 2001 to 2011. At Tufts, Bacow earned a reputation for shaking up a sleepy university that was being overshadowed by its peers in Boston. He is also credited with leading it through both 9/11 and the 2008 financial crisis.

As the Tufts president, Bacow traveled around the country, reaching out to alumni (校友), and he urged his faculty and deans to do the same, in an effort to boost donations to finance Tufts' academic ambitions. He raised more than $20 million for faculty recruitment, attracting up-and-coming professors by offering junior faculty perks (福利), such as long academic leaves that they couldn't get elsewhere.

Under Bacow's leadership, Tufts spent millions on labs and libraries. He also made addresses nationally about the need to make higher education more accessible and affordable to low-income students.

（1）The reason why Bacow appreciates college education is that ________. A. college education is out of reach to many Americans B. his family changed their fate due to college education

C. few opportunities were available when his father came into the country D. a college degree helped his mother survive Auschwitz （2）What can we infer from the passage?

A. The fellow townspeople of Bacow were all killed besides his mother. B. Bacow's mother stimulated his interest in science. C. Bacow's father was good at working with electronics. D. Bacow's father came to the U.S. after World War II broke out.

（3）The underlined word \ A. reactivating B. causing C. damaging D. taking over （4）What is this passage mainly about?

A. How to be admitted to Harvard University. B. The history of Bacow's family. C. The art of Bacow's leadership in Tufts. D. Bacow's way to individual success. 【答案】 （1）B （2）C