2019年山东省淄博市中考英语试卷【中考英语真题、含答案及详细解释、可以编辑】

2019年山东省淄博市中考英语试卷

第I卷（选择题 共42分）一、完形填空（共10分）阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、（4）

C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案．

A.mountains B.rivers C.grasslands D.farms

1. For thousands of years, people farmed the land． They grew fruits and

vegetables． They hunted and fished for meat． They（1）_______ cloth, dyes（染料） （5） and paper from plants． They used stone and metal for weapons and tools．

A.metal B.water

C.electricity

D.oil

People progressed to making machines powered（2）_______ water and steam（蒸 汽）, and even later, by coal, oil, and petrol． Large cities were built． Factories（3）（6） _______ of machines created jobs in the cities for thousands of people． The Industrial Revolution（工业革命） changed the lives of many people because, for the first A.helping B.harming

C.wasting

D.losing

time, more people lived in cities than on（4）_______．

Companies built power plants（工厂） to make（5）_______ to run the （7） machines, factories and cities．

A.clearly B.hardly

C.quickly

D.slowly

People did not realize these activities were（6）_______ the Earth． They didn't realize bow（7）_______ oil, gas, coal and minerals were being used up．

（8）_______ cities grew bigger and spread across the land, plants and animals began to （8） disappear． Their nature homes were destroyed（破坏） as people moved into new A.Before B.If

C.As

D.Though

places．

As time passed, people began to（9）_______ the need to protect the Earth and its （9） natural resources（资源）． They saw that plants and animals needed protection, so they wouldn't disappear forever． People joined together to tell（10）_______ around the A.forget B.see

C.remember

D.get

world to conserve（节约） our natural resources and care for the Earth． And so． Earth Day was born． Each year, more and more people take part in Earth Day． What can you do to help? （10） A.them

B.other

C.another

D.others

（1） 二、阅读理解（共2小题，满分14分）阅读短文A、B，并做每篇后面的题目，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能完成所给句子或问题的最佳答案．

A.separated B.washed

C.made

D.mixed

2. Like you, plants need good things like food, water, and minerals in order to

grow． Usually they get these important nutrients（营养） from the rich soil（土壤） in （2） which they're planted． But there's another way to grow plants that doesn't use soil． It's A.as B.for C.with D.by

called hydrogenic gardening．

\． \（3） their roots in water, not in ________． The water is filled with special food for the plants that gardeners have carefully measured and prepared．

A.full

B.proud

C.sick

D.short

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Hydrogenic plants grow quickly． In ordinary gardens, plants need time and energy to grow long roots that search the soil for food and water． In a hydrogenic garden, plants can use their energy to grow tall instead． And because there is no soil, there are no weeds and few insect pests（害虫）． Gardeners don't need to spray（喷洒） plants with dangerous chemicals． Both the plants and the environment stay healthy．

Scientists hope that, one day, hydrogenic gardens may be able to help hungry people all over the world grow enough food﹣even in countries that have bad soil, or weather that is too hot, too cold, or too dry． And astronauts hope to take hydrogenic gardens with them into the night． On the wall, near where the Starbucks community notice board now stands, was the white marble（大理石） head of a lion with wide﹣open mouth． The public was invited to feed it with letters and stories． The best of the lion's digest（文摘） were published in a weekly edition of Joseph Addison's Guardian newspaper, named \．

Today, few people know Button's． It's just one of London's forgotten coffeehouses． London's first coffeehouse was opened by a Greek named Pasque Rosee in 1652． While to the spaceship they fly to Mars, so that they will always have fresh vegetables, and the fun of growing a garden without dirt．

（1）What's the meaning of the underlined word \？________ A. soil B. water

C. insect

D. food．

（2）Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage？________ A. Plants need water and other nutrients to grow． B. There are no weeds inhydrogenic gardens． C. Hydrogenic plants cannot grow in too hot weather． D. Astronauts hope to take hydrogenic gardens to space．．

（3）What's the passage about？________ A. Plant growing． B. Space farming． C. Scientific watering． D. hydrogenic gardening．

3. Can you imagine walking in, sitting next to a stranger and asking for the latest news or putting a recent novel down next to someone's coffee and asking for their opinion before giving yours?

But more than 300 years ago, this kind of behaviour was encouraged in thousands of coffeehouses all over London． In 1712, the Starbucks site（位置） today was occupied（占据） by Button's coffeehouse Inside, poets, writers and members of the public gathered around long wooden tables drinking, thinking, writing and discussing literature

第3页 共18页 a servant for a British merchant in Turkey, Rosee developed a taste for the exotic（异国情调的） Turkish drink and decided to import（进口） it to London． People from all walks of life came to his business to meet, greet, drink, think, write, and joke．

（1）Where was the white marble lion head？________ A. In the backyard of the Starbucks． B. On the Button's long wooden tables． C. In Joseph Addison's Guardian newspaper． D. On the wall of Button's coffeehouse．．

（2）How often was \？________ A. Every day B. Every week． C. Every month D. Every year）．

（3）What kind of coffee did Pasque Rosee import to London？________ A. Turkish coffee． B. Black coffee． C. White coffee D. Sweet coffee．．

（4）What can we infer（推断） from the passage？________ A. People could hardly found a coffeehouse in 1712 in London．

B. Starbucks， Button's and Rosee's were famous coffeehouses of London in 1700s． C. Button's was usually noisy and crowded at night 300 hundred years ago．

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D. Only businessmen enjoyed the exotic coffee at Pasque Rosee's．

（5）I always use the computer and can't stop I feel that I'm not getting any smarter and 阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项the computer is warping（扭曲） my brain．________

中有一项为多余选项。

A． It's wonderful that you admire them． but try not to compare yourself to

them． Instead of trying to be like them， just try to be the best you possible． You will 4. I did not grow up in a family with books．（1）_______ My process of being a reader find that you will be much happier when you try to be true to yourself， rather than when seemed amazing． I got lost in one book that opened up my world and changed my life． you try to be like someone else．

My primary school teacher always gave her pupils time to read for pleasure in school． She B． The only way to break a habit is to force yourself to do something different． A world believed it would improve reading greatly．（2）_______ It was a biography（传记） of of exciting and interesting activities is just waiting for you． Write a list of things you've actress Greta Garbo． I picked it up and began to read from cover to cover． The words I always wanted to do， learn， make， or try． When you feel like playing it， do read attracted（吸引） me and I was excited． I realized that there were other women like something else．

Greta who had made great efforts and changed their lives． I recognized（认识） myself in her．

C． Discuss this with her． Try not to suppose that she talks about you unless you actually hear what she says． But let her know that you are unhappy when she tells secrets around From then on， my teacher had a hard time keeping me supplied（提供） with you． If you feel uncomfortable talking to her in person， you could write her a note books． She dug up all the biographies of women that she could find．（3）_______ instead．

It has been a long road． I am now a physics professor in a university．（4）_______ D． We often hear from kids who are laughed at about their height． They probably don't Recently， someone gave me Justice Sonia Sotomayor's autobiography． Once again， I mean to hurt your feelings． There are advantages and disadvantages to being any

am encouraged and am imagining new possibilities for my life． size． You might play along and come up with a funny reply． However， if you feel hurt， A． Most of my time is spent reading scientific literature．

try talking to a parent or teacher．

B． Their stories were like road maps that allowed me to see where I could go on with my E． Explain to your friends that you like all of them． You can play with each person or

life．

group separately． If they don't like this， then you may want to focus on other friendships until these friends work things out． Another idea is to offer to help your friends solve their C． In my home， there was neither time nor energy to read． problems．

D． Reading plays an important role in my life． 第II卷（非选择题 共48分）三、选词填空（共1小题，满分10分）根据短文内容，E． One day， she put a book on my desk．

选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整．每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余． 阅读下面材料，将下列小题中五位同学遇到的烦恼与专家所给的建议A-E进行匹配。

6. 5. （1）One of my friends sometimes takes aside another friend to talk to her about

something she doesn't want me to hear． It makes me feel sad． What should I do？________

want best slowly until when happiness facing in still now high not （2）Some of my friends are in a fight． like them all equally（同样地）， but they say I have to choose sides． Help!________

My Dear Azhaan，

（3）I look up to my sisters． They're both intelligent（聪明的） feel that I'll never be as good as them．________

I want you to know that you remind me of myself in so many ways． You are like a better and Improved version（版本） of me． I look at you and I see myself（1）________ your （4）I am the shortest person in my class， and my classmates call me \． \eyes． I wish I had that confidence（信心） and even some of your bossiness（霸气） at How can I make them stop？________

that age． Yet， I'm also troubled on seeing this confidence（2）________ disappearing，because you are（3）________ many different things． I want you to know that your

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confidence is one of the （4）________ things about you． All of us admire your

For a while Ernest Hemingway lived in Key West， Florida， where he had nearly 50 confidence． However， you are（5）________ confident enough these days， because cats． One of them was a cat with six toes（脚趾）， which a ship's captain had given you are beginning to dislike your own body．

him． Today his Key West home is a museum， and many cats still live there． Some of You are not fat． I agree that you could be a little healthier． You could eat a little less junk them are（10）________（child） of Hemingway's six﹣toed cat． Hemingway was food． However， I don't know when you'll begin to enjoy fruits， but I believe that you married four times and had three sons． He died in 1961．

will．

五、阅读表达（共1小题，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题． I think one of the moments of（6）________ for me was when you were born， and the doctor said， \， you have another baby boy，\8.

boy but because you were healthy．

阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

You're too young to understand this（7）________ no one realizes the importance of a Around the world, people live in homes of many shapes and sizes. In some countryside, normal life

people live together with their family in a huge house with gardens or backyards. On the （8）________ it is away from them． What I（9）________ for you is happiness： the other hand, the buildings in cities are usually very close together.

understanding that you are not perfect and that it is okay because none of us is!

A home can be any kind of building—large or small. Some people even have homes on Stay confident and keep your head（10）________， my little boy﹣who is growing up too boats, in tents or in caravans that can be moved around. Caravans are mobile homes. They soon! are towed（拖，拉）by either a car or a huge truck. Some of them are holiday homes. We can see many families staying together in these caravans.

Love，Ammi

In the past, rich and important people built strong castles to keep their families safe. The 四、语法填空（共1小题，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容castles（城堡）were built on hill tops with high walls and some even had moats. Moats （不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式．

were deep and wide ditches（壕沟）filled with water. They made it difficult for enemies to

attack.

7. Ernest Hemingway， the son of a doctor and a music teacher， was born in 1899 in Oak Park， Illinois． Hemingway's father（1）________（teach） him early on how to hunt Today, we have different ways of protecting our homes. Some homes are installed（安装）and fish， two activities Hemingway loved throughout his life．Instead of（2）________with video cameras and an alarm system. These will help to alert（向……报警）home （go） to college， Hemingway became a reporter for the Kansas City Star．

owners if someone tries to break in.

Later， in Europe， he worked as a driver（3）________the Italian army until he was Homes are important to all the people. Everyone needs a home where they feel sheltered wounded and shipped home， where he again wrote for newspapers． Two years（4）and safe. ________ ， he moved to Paris， where he hoped to improve his writing． There he

became friends with other（5）________（America） writers， including Gertrude Stein and F． Scott Fitzgerald．

（1）How are the buildings in cities? ______ Hemingway developed（6）________ style of writing that was simple and direct． He

chose words sparingly（俭省地）， avoided using adjectives， and trusted the reader to （2）What is used to tow the caravans? ______ understand the（7）________（mean） of his writing． As he put it， \（8）

________（write） on the principle（原则） of the iceberg（冰山）． There is seven eighths of it under water for every part that shows． \（3）Who built castles to keep their families safe in the past? ______ writers today． In his career（生涯）， which lasted some 40 years， Hemingway earned

the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize． He was one of the finest writers of the（9）（4）Why were moats built? ______ ________ （twenty） century．

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