题库所有244道Issue题目的写作提纲

1. One reason why educators should emphasize personal enrichment over job preparation is that rote technical

knowledge and skill do not help a student determine which goals in life are worthwhile and whether the means of attaining those goals are ethically or morally acceptable.

2. Another reason why educators should emphasize personal enrichment over job preparation is that specific knowledge

and skills needed for jobs are changing more and more quickly.

3. A third reason why educators should emphasized personally enriching course work—particularly anthropology,

sociology, history, and political philosophy—is that these courses help students understand, appreciate and respect other people and their viewpoints. 现实和理想

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201. \purpose of education should be to provide students with a value system, a standard, a set of ideas--not to prepare them for a specific job.\

教育的目的应该是给予学生一个价值体系，一个标准，一整套想法----而不是为一个具体工作培养他们。

1. By helping students develop a thoughtful, principled value system educators actually help prepare students for jobs. 2. Another reason for my viewpoint lies in the fact that technology-driven industries account for an ever-increasing

portion of our jobs.

3. Besides helping students develop their own thoughtful value systems, educators should instill in students certain

basic values upon which any democratic society depends; otherwise, our freedom to choose our own jobs and careers might not survive in the long term.

4. Admittedly, values and behavioral standards specific to certain religions are best left to parents and churches.

213. \to compromise and work with others--that is, the ability to achieve social harmony--should be a major goal in every school.\

人们过于重视了学生们挑战他人主张的要求。实际上，达成社会和谐的能力，比如容让和协作能力，应该成为每一所学校的主要目标。

Encouraging students to think critically does not necessarily conflict with our pursuit of social harmony. 1. Critical thinking is key to students both academically and politically.

2. It is necessary for students to criticize the views of each other in their studies, which does not necessarily lead to

conflicts among them.

3. Compromising is harmful in academic pursuits. ---------------------------

214. \so that they can eventually excel in their areas of ability. Otherwise, these talents are likely to remain undeveloped.\ 社会应该发现那些具有特殊天赋和能力的孩子，并且在年幼的时候就开始训练他们以便于这些孩子最终可以在他们擅长的领域中出类拔萃。否则这些天才就可能会止步不前。

1. At first blush the statement appears compelling. I agree with the statement insofar as any society that values its own

future well-being must be attentive to its children’s talents.

2. Beyond this concession, however, I disagree with the statement because it seems to recommend that certain children

receive special attention at the expense of other children—a recommendation that I find troubling. ---------------------------

222. \toward clear goals.\

孤立的教育已经是过时的想法了。现在的教育应该作用于更高的目的并且由清晰的目标来指引。

While education must serve clear purpose, “learning for learning’s sake” is not necessarily out-dated. 1. The primary purpose of education is to cultivate qualified citizens and builders of a democratic society. 2. Another purpose of education is to train creative workers who can fill in all the occupations of society.

3. The idea of “learning for learning’s sake” does not necessarily conflict with education’s pursuit of the above purposes. 反理想与现实之教育 -------------------------

223. \ 教育主要是个人的私事，和中小学或者大学基本上没什么关系。

Education is not a personal matter in a large sense, and it certainly has a lot to do with school or college. 1. It is not difficult to understand that education directly benefits the individual receiver of education. 2. Furthermore, the education of an individual concerns the interests of the whole society.

3. With the dramatic increase in knowledge today, it is impossible to educate oneself without the involvement of school

or college. 少数和多数 -------------------------

228. \ones.\

无论是作为教育者、雇主或者是父母，教育最好的方法就是赞扬积极的行为而无视消极的行为。

The statement overlooks circumstances under which praise might be inappropriate, as well as ignoring the beneficial value of constructive criticism, and sometimes even punishment.

1. The recommendation that parents, teachers and employers praise positive actions is generally good advice.

2. While recommending praise for positive actions is fundamentally sound advice, this advice should carry with it certain

caveats.

3. As for ignoring negative actions, I agree that minor peccadilloes can, and in many cases should, be overlooked. 4. At the same time, some measure of constructive criticism and critique, and sometimes even punishment, is

appropriate. 赞扬和批评 ------------------------

230. \colleges should eliminate as many choices as possible in order to offer students clear direction.\

大学学生和普通大众宁愿听从指示而不愿意自己做决定。因此，大学应该尽可能为学生减少选择以便于为学生们提供一个明确的方向。

1. As for the speaker’s threshold claim, I concede that under certain circumstances people prefer to take direction from

others.

2. When it comes to particular tasks in which college professors are more experienced and knowledgeable, following

their directions is to be preferred, for failing to do so can result in costly mistakes.

3. However, when it comes to decisions about major and minor fields of study, curriculum choices, and other broad

decisions, for the most part students themselves—and not college administrators—should be the final decision-makers. 精英和大众之选择权 ---------------------------

232. \kind of environment is ideal because it allows students to focus on important ideas without being held back by practical concerns.\

教育的目的应该是要创造出一个隔离于外界的学术环境。这样的环境最理想因为这样可以使学生们不受功利的干扰而专注于重要的理念。

It is near-sighted to isolate students from the outside world.

1. A common misconception about education is that the so-called “important ideas” students learn at schools have

nothing to do with the practical world.

2. Actually, students’ knowledge of the outside world contributions to their academic studies.

3. Furthermore, the ultimate purpose of education is to train workers and citizens who can adapt themselves to and make

contributions to the society outside the campus. 理想和现实

第四类 科技

7. \important form of documentation than written records.\

摄像机可以通过如此精确而有力的记录手段来再现当代生活，因此它已经代替书面记录成为了一种更重要的记录手段。

Although I agree that a video provides a more objective and accurate record of an event’s spatial aspects, there is far more to document in life than what we see and hear. Thus the speaker overstates the comparative significance of video as a documentary tool.

1. For the purpose of documenting temporal, spatial events and experiences, I agree that a video record is usually more

accurate and more convincing than a written record.

2. Nonetheless, for certain other purposes written records are more advantageous and more appropriate than video

records.

3. Finally, a video record is of not use in documenting statistical or quantitative information. 记录手段：现代摄像机和印刷术 ------------------------------

30. \leisure time.\

技术进步的首要目标应该是提高人们的效率以便于每个人都享有更多的闲暇时光。 Disagree:

1. The chief reason for my disagreement lies in the empirical proof: with technological advancement comes diminished

leisure time.

2. Meanwhile, the suggestion that technology’s chief goal should be to facilitate leisure is simply wrongheaded. There are

far more vital concerns that technology can and should address. 技术进步之空闲时刻

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66. \surely deteriorate.\

当人们变得越来越依赖技术解决问题的时候，人类独立思考的能力将肯定会有所衰退。

Technology is a double-edged sword that may either serve or harm human interests. 1. On the one hand, it is possible that people may become the slaves of technology.

2. On the other hand, technology may save people’s time and energy so that they could devote themselves to more

creative and meaningful work.

3. Moreover, technology provides people with effective instruments for intellectual work. 技术进步之人和技术 ------------------------------

69. \ 政府应该少限制科学研究和发展。 Disagree

1. Without government funding, scientists would find it difficult to carry out large-scale projects. 2. Government can also organize scientists to solve the most urgent problems that concern society. 3. However, government should refrain from interfering with the freedom of scientific enquiry. 技术之政府限制 ------------------------------

88. \ 技术不仅仅影响而且实际上是决定了社会传统和道德规范。

1. Technologies have radically changed the way we spend holidays.

2. The new ways of communication brought about by electronic technology have transformed the way we associate with

each other in our daily lives.

3. However, we should not let technologies determine our ethics. 技术进步之社会影响 ------------------------------

107. \time to develop thoughtful, well-reasoned points of view.\

即时通讯系统促使人们匆忙的做出判断并很快的给出回答，而不是花时间去形成深思熟虑和理由充分的观点。

Instant communication systems tend to discourage thoughtful and well-reasoned points of view. 1. Instant communication systems usually require quick replies.

2. The pressure of time and space—a key feature of instant communication—forces people to form hasty opinions rather

than thoughtful and well-reasoned points of view.

3. On the contrary, traditional ways of communication such as hand-written letters or face-to-face discussion are more

likely to induce in-depth thinking. 技术进步之即时判断 ------------------------------