2014高考英语语法冲刺专题复习-情态动词与虚拟语气（试题精解）

15．We ________(arrive) here on time but we were caught in a traffic jam.

答案：could have arrived 考查虚拟语气。句意为：我们本来能够准时到达，可是我们遇到交通堵塞了。could have arrived意为“本来能够到达，却没有到达”，符合语境。

16．If you ________(leave) home without a word, your parents would be so worried now.

答案：had left 考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果不是你不说一句话就离开家的话，你父母现在就不会如此着急了。本句是一个混合虚拟语气，if从句是对过去事情的假设，所以从句谓语动词用had done形式。

17．If I ________(take) your advice then, I think that the crops could be growing better.

答案：had taken 考查虚拟语气。句意为：要是当时我听了你的建议，现在庄稼可能长得更好。由“then”可知，此处是对过去事实的虚拟，所以if引导的条件句要用“had＋过去分词”形式。

18．—How was your trip to Yancheng last week?

—Wonderful! I only felt sorry that I ________(visit) the nature reserve of red-crowned cranes, but the weather was awful.

答案：could/should/would have visited 考查虚拟语气。句意为：你上周去盐城的旅游怎么样？相当不错！要不是天气糟糕的话，我本可以去参观丹顶鹤自然保护区的。那是我唯一感到遗憾的事情。本题为含蓄式虚拟语气的表达，其中but引导的句子相当于if条件句。根据语意可知，此处是对过去情况的假设虚拟，因此主句中的谓语动词应用“should/could/would＋have done”的形式。

19．If you want somebody to go window shopping with you, why

- 21 -

not try calling Marie? —she ________ be home by now.

答案：should 考查情态动词。句意为：如果你想找个人和你一起去逛商店，为什么不给Marie打电话呢？她现在应该在家。根据语意可知，此处表示“按理应该”，应用“should”一词。

20．People love the convenience of bottled water, but if they ________(realize) the problem it causes, they ________ try carrying water in a reusable steel container instead of plastic.

答案：realized；would 考查虚拟语气。句意为：人们喜欢瓶装水的便利，但如果他们意识到瓶装水会导致的问题，他们就会使用可循环利用的铁罐代替塑料瓶来携带水。if虚拟句表示对现在的虚拟假设，从句用一般过去时，主句用would＋do形式。

21．—Show me your permit, please.

—Oh, it's not in my pocket. It ________ (fall) out.

答案：must have fallen 考查情态动词。句意为：请给我看你的准入证。哦，证件不在我的口袋里，肯定是掉了。must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，意为“一定做过某事，一定发生了某事”。

22．According to the rules and regulations, all payments ________ be made in cash in the shopping center.

答案：shall 考查情态动词。句意为：根据规定，购物中心的所有款项都应以现金支付。情态动词shall用于第三人称时，表示“法律和条文等的规定”。

23．Martin hasn't got in touch with me for ages. He ________ not have got my new cell phone number.

答案：can 考查情态动词。句意为：Martin已经很多年没有联系我了。他可能没有我新的电话号码。can用于否定句中表示推测，且与hasn't got in touch with me相呼应可知，是对已发生事情的推测。

- 22 -

24．—How dangerous it was!

—Yes, but for the passer-by's quick action, the girl ________ have been drowned.

答案：would/could/should/might 考查情态动词及语态。句意为：刚才好危险啊。是啊，要不是路人反应快，那个女孩就要溺水了。the girl和drown之间构成被动关系，排除选项C；根据but for和was可知，此处表示对过去发生的事情的虚拟，主句中谓语动词应用“would (should，could，might)＋have＋过去分词”形式。

25．The project was carefully planned, or a great deal of money ________ have been lost.

答案：would/should/could/might 考查虚拟语气。句意为：这个项目计划很周详，否则会损失很多钱。根据was和转折连词or提示可知，是对过去事实进行虚拟，故主句用should/would/could＋have done的形式。

- 23 -