2014高考英语语法冲刺专题复习-情态动词与虚拟语气（试题精解）

2．if only引导的感叹句中的虚拟语气。

在“if only”引导的感叹句中，要求用虚拟语气，表示愿望。用过去时或“would/could/might＋动词原形”表示与现在或将来事实相反的愿望；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。

If only I had not been ill last week! 要是上周我没病该多好啊！ [考题印证]

(2012·南通二调)It's too bad that my computer has got a new virus. If only I ________(run) that programme!

解析：考查虚拟语气。if only后面的从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，从语意知这里是对过去状况的虚拟，所以谓语动词用过去完成时。

答案：hadn't run

3．as if从句中的虚拟语气。

as if从句中，看语境是否与事实相反而选择是否使用虚拟语气。 It looks as if it's going to rain. 天看上去似乎要下雨。

The kid talks as if he were a grown-up. 这孩子说起话来像个成年人似的。 [考题印证]

(2012·北京改编)Don't handle the vase as if it ________(be) made of steel.

解析：as if条件句用虚拟语气表示与现在的事实相反。句意：“不要对待那个花瓶像它是由钢制成似的。”

答案：were

强 化 训 练

1.(2013·全国Ⅰ改编)The door ________ not open, no matter how

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hard she pushed.

答案：would 本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：不管她怎样用力推，门就是打不开。would情态动词(表示尽管付出很大努力却没有发生)就(不)，偏(不)，如：He kicked, pushed, and hurled his shoulder at the door. It wouldn't open.他冲着门又踢又推，还用肩膀撞，但门就是打不开。

2．(2013·福建改编)—Do you think George has passed the driving test?

—No. If so, he ________(drive) his car to our college yesterday. 答案：would have driven 本题考查虚拟语气的用法。由句意可知驾驶考试已经过去，故考查对过去情况的虚拟。If so＝If he had passed it。

3．(2013·陕西改编)The children ________(get) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.

答案：must have got 本题考查情态动词。句意：孩子们一定是在树林里迷路了，否则按时间他们会在湖边野营了。根据下文可知此处是做了很有把握的肯定的推测，故用must；要表示对于过去的事情的推测要用情态动词＋have done的形式。

4．(2013·湖南改编)He ________ not sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.

答案：can/could 考查情态动词。句意：当他急于想出办法时，尽管他想睡，却无法入睡，直到他想出办法为止。

5．(2013·四川改编)—Why are your eyes so red? You ________ not have slept well last night.

—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.

答案：can 本题考查情态动词表示推测的用法。句意：你的眼睛

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为什么这么红？你昨天晚上肯定没有睡好。can't have done在此表示过去不可能发生某事。

6．—Could you please have my car ready today?

—Sure, the damage is not that serious, so it ________ be ready by 5：00 pm.

答案：should 考查情态动词用法。句意为：我的车今天能修好吗？当然，损伤并不严重，因此应该在下午5点前能修好。根据语境可知，空格处表示的是推测，should“应该”，语气较强，符合题意。

7．The parcel was a whole week late. How I wish I ________(choose) air mail instead.

答案：had chosen 考查虚拟语气。句意为：这个包裹晚了整整一周。我多么希望我当初选择的是航空邮政。根据题干可知，本句考查的是wish后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气的用法。根据语境可知，此处是与过去情况相反的虚拟语气，故应用“had＋过去分词”结构，had chosen符合题意。

8．—________ you leave now? You only arrived an hour ago! —Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.

答案：Must 考查情态动词。句意为：现在必须得走吗？你一个小时前才到呀！对不起，但是我还有很多作业要做。must意为“必须，非得”。

9．There was something wrong with the network, or the e-mail could ________(send) earlier.

答案：have been sent 考查虚拟语气。句意为：网络出了问题，否则那封电子邮件本可以早点发出去的。or引导的是含蓄式虚拟语气，其后面的句子相当于主句。根据前面句子中的时态(一般过去时)可知，or后面的句子中的谓语动词应用“should/could/would＋have done”

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形式。

10．A hot balloon blew up in Egypt. There ________(be) something wrong with the quality of it.

答案：may have been 考查情态动词。句意为：在埃及一个热气球爆炸了，可能是热气球的质量出了问题。根据blew可知，此处表示对过去情况的推测，故用“情态动词＋have done”的形式。

11．—David is often absent from class.

—Tell him he ________ answer for it if he goes on behaving like that.

答案：shall 考查情态动词。句意为：David现在经常旷课。告诉他，如果再这样，后果自负。情态动词shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，可表示警告、许诺、命令、威胁等语气。

12．Time ________ heal a broken heart. After five years, Steve seems to have got over the sorrow of losing his son.

答案：can 考查情态动词。句意为：时间会治愈一颗破碎的心。五年过去了，Steve似乎已从丧子之痛中走了出来。can表示主语有某种能力或可能性，强调客观性、普遍性和反复性，符合题意。

13．For those of you who ________(miss) a few very popular articles that came out last week, check out this mail.

答案：might/may have missed 考查情态动词。may/might＋have done意为“或许已经做了??”，表示对已经发生的事情做出不太肯定的推测，强调语气的委婉有礼，社交意味浓。

14．—Can you keep a secret?

—You ________ worry—I'm not going to mention it to anyone. 答案：needn't 考查情态动词。句意为：你能帮我保守秘密吗？你不必担心，我不会向任何人提及的。needn't不必要。

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