2020届天津市和平区高三下学期线上学习阶段性评估检测英语试题(Word版)

D. Using your wildest imagination. 46. Holden5s example is to show .

A. how niksen improves one's mental health B. niksen is closely related to stress reduction C. niksen can shorten the distance between people D. niksen helps people come up with new thoughts 47. The underlined word \A. long C. unexpected

48. What is the text mainly about?

A. The introduction to a special Dutch lifestyle. B. Suggestions on how to balance work and rest. C. The importance of allowing time to pause life.

D. An explanation of some Danish words about life attitudes. 49. From the passage, we can know that .

B. full D. quiet

.

A. people can restrengthen themselves to face challenges by niksen B. a wild animal usually lies in wait for their prey just as niksen advices C. Danish people are stressful and tired because of their special lifestyle D. Carolien Hamming thinks niksen is the most important way to keep fit

D

By now you've probably heard about the \McCullough told graduating seniors at Wellesley High School: \special, because you're not.\—and a whole lot of other parents across the internet — took issue with McCullough'sego-puncturing words. But lost in the anger and protest was something we really should be taking to heart: our young people actually have no idea whether they're particularly talented or accomplished or not. In our eagerness to elevate their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities, a crucial requirement for getting better at anything from math to music to sports. In fact, it's not just privileged high-school students: we all tend to view ourselves as above average.

Such inflated （膨胀的）self-judgments have been found in study after study, and it's often exactly when we're least competent at a given task that we rate our performance most generously. In a 2006 study published in the journal Medical Education, for example, medical students who scored the lowest on an essay test were the most charitable in their self-evaluations, while high-scoring students judged themselves much more strictly. Poor students, the authors note, Tack insight55 into their own inadequacy.

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Why should this be? Another study, led by Cornell University psychologist David Dunning, offers an enlightening explanation. People who are incompetent, he writes with co-author Justin Kruger, suffer from a “dual burden”： they're not good at what they do, and their very ineptness （笨拙）prevents them from recognizing how bad they are.

In Dunning and Kruger's study, subjects scoring at the bottom of the heap on tests of logic, grammar and humor “extremely overestimated\12th percentile, they guessed they were in the 62nd. What these individuals lacked （in addition to clear logic, proper grammar and a sense of humor） was ^metacognitive skill\（元认知技巧）:the capacity to monitor how well they're performing. In the absence of that capacity, the subjects arrived at an overly hopeful view of their own abilities. There's a paradox （悖论）here, the authors note: \develop competence in a particular domain are often the very same skills necessary to evaluate competence in that domain?5 In other words, to get better at judging how well we're doing at an activity, we have to get better at the activity itself.

There are a couple of ways out of this double bind （两难）.First, we can learn to make honest comparisons with others. Train yourself to recognize excellence, even when you yourself don't possess it, and compare what you can do against what truly excellent individuals are able to accomplish. Second, seek out feedback that is frequent, accurate and specific. Find a critic who will tell you not only how poorly you're doing, but just what it is that you're doing wrong. As Dunning and Kruger note, success indicates to us that everything went right, but failure is more ambiguous: any number of things could have gone wrong. Use this external feedback to figure out exactly where and when you screwed up.

If we adopt these strategies — and most importantly, teach them to our children — they won't need parents, or a commencement（ 毕业典*L） speaker, to tell them that they're special. They'll already know that they are, or have a plan to get that way.

50. The underlined phrase \A. totally approved of C. fully understood

B. disagreed with D. held discussion about

. .

51. The author thinks the problem that shouldn't be overlooked is that A. we don't know whether our young people are talented or not B. young people can't reasonably define themselves C. no requirement is set up for young people to get better D. we always tend to consider ourselves to be privileged

52. Which is NOT mentioned about poor students according to the passage?

A. They lack the capacity to monitor how well they are performing. B. They usually give themselves high scores in self-evaluations.

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C. They tend to be unable to know exactly how bad they are. D. They are intelligently inadequate in tests and exams. 53. We can infer from the passage that those high-scoring students A. are not confident about their logic and grammar B. tend to be very competent in their high-scoring fields

C. don't know how well they perform due to their stringent self judgement D. is very carefill about their self-evaluations because they have their own limits 54. The strategies of becoming special suggest that .

. A. the best way to recognize excellence is to study past success and failure B. through comparison with others, one will know where and when he fails C. we need internal honesty with ourselves and external honesty from others D. neither parents nor a commencement speaker can tell whether one is special 55. Which can be the best title of this passage?

A. Special or Not? Teach Kids To Figure It Out B. Lef s Admit That We Are Not That Special C. Tips On Making Ourselves More Special D. Tell The Truth: Kids Overestimate their Talents

第II卷

注意事项：

1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2. 本卷共6小题，共35分。 第三部分：写作

第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

On a foggy Monday morning in May 2016, 14 Amsterdam officials, engineers and civil servants gathered nervously at Alexanderplein a busy crossroads near the city centre with three streetcar lines …where many people were walking, driving, and, as in any Dutch city, riding bicycles. All of a sudden, the traffic controls were shut off for all transport modes, in all directions.

This live pilot project is part of a larger mobility strategy across the city to make more room for cyclists and pedestrians. That means limiting access and space for private vehicles. \space is limited/5 says the vice mayor for traffic, Pieter Likens, who finally approved the pilot. <6We need to be thoughtful and strategic about who and what uses that space.\

In the weeks before the lights were shut ofl^ 200 cyclists were interviewed in the morning and evening. A majority of them disliked the crossroads and made complaints. When asked whether the

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traffic lights were necessary, about a third said ''absolutely yes,\majority was uncertain. It was clearly a question they had never thought about.

When the lights were turned 宓 about 150 cyclists were interviewed. We found that not only did fewer people dislike this crossroads, but about 60% said the traffic situation had improved.

All interviewees spoke more about human interaction. tPeople pay more attention,55 said one man. “It's amazing that it regulates itsel￡\nobody is grumpy,\

Behaviour was noticeably different. Most cyclists slowed down as they approached the crossroads, and communicated to other cyclists and motorists using eyes, gestures, expressions and voices. In one incident, a mother canying her child on a front seat slowly entered the crossroads. When she was halfway across, a car approached from the right. Traffic signs indicate priority for the car driver, but instead, the mother made eye contact with the driver, both smiled, and the car driver yielded. （

56. Why was the pilot project carried out in Amsterdam? (no more than 10 words)

57. What did most cyclists who were interviewed think of the pilot project? (no more than 12

words)

58. What does the underlined word “yielded\

than 2 word)

59. Why does the writer mention the mother and the driver in the last paragraph? (no more

than 8 words)

60. Do you think the traffic lights can be turned off in Tianjin? Please give your reason, (no

more than 20 words) 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61.

假如你是李津，你的加拿大的朋友Tim在邮件中谈到他们那里也出现了很多新型冠 状病毒肺炎的病例，他有些紧张，并感觉网络信息的传播加剧了人们的恐慌。请你给他 写封回信，主要内容如下：

(1) 对他的恐慌表示理解，谈谈你的境况； (2) 简单阐述如何对待网络信息，说明理由；

(3) 给Tim提一些建议(如：勤洗手，少出门，戴口罩)。

参考词汇：

高三年级英语试卷 第12页（共12页）