上海市宝山区行知中学2013-2014学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含答案

UP, Google Glass or a smart watch to 57 personal data including hours slept, stress levels, heart rate and mood.

So why does a person self-track? Someone may be trying to lose weight or improve their sleep patterns. Another person feels tired after eating. Self-tracking could help him to 58 what foods make him sleepy and modify his diet accordingly.

Monitoring daily activities isn’t a new concept. In years past, athletes and their coaches kept notes detailing nutrition, training and sleep patterns in order to achieve an athletic goal. 59 , doctors have also helped patients to document parts of their lifestyles and eating habits to help fight allergies, headaches and other health issues. 60 , it wasn’t until 2007 that Wired magazine editors Gary Wolf and Kim Kelly, who started tracking every move they made, coined the 61 “Quantified Self.”

Although self-tracking has many advantages, Dennis Nash, president of Data Speaks Health Solutions, says self-tracking has its 62 . Once people start tracking their daily activities, it can become an addiction(癖好). Also, they might begin to worry too much about their health.

While self-tracking doesn’t 63 that one’s quality of life will improve, it can highlight the importance of eating well and exercising daily. 64 , the Quantified Self Movement’s primary focus is 65 people to employ enough energy to make healthier choices. 51. A. gathered B. managed C. eaten D. digested 52. A. taken part in B. taken notice of C. known about D. carried out 53. A. strange B. interesting C. valuable D. difficult 54. A. change B. develop C. strengthen D. reduce 55. A. happier B. healthier C. clearer D. simpler 56. A. discovered B. tracked C. released D. built 57. A. monitor B. analyze C. process D. record 58. A. identify B. increase C. decrease D. choose 59. A. Particularly B. Similarly C. Surprisingly D. Generally 60. A. Furthermore B. However C. Therefore D. Meanwhile 61. A. movement B. subject C. term D. equipment 62. A. characteristics B. functions C. reasons D. drawbacks 63. A. guarantee B. expect C. conclude D. prove 64. A. In general B. In brief C. After all D. At last 65. A. stimulating B. forcing C. persuading D. motivating Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

In the 1850s, a vast wilderness separated California from the eastern U.S. As a result, mail service to California was very slow.

William Russell decided to change that. He and two partners selected a route from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Sacramento, California. Then they purchased 400 horses, hired workers and set up relay stations every 10 to 15 miles. Riders would change horses at these stations, and every 90 to 120 miles a new rider would take over.

On April 3, 1860, their service, called the Pony Express, began. The mail deliveries reached

California in about 10 days. The riders faced many risks from extreme weather, hostile Native Americans and riding accidents. But they lost only one delivery during the service’s one and a half years in operation.

The Pony Express service ended in October 1861 after a telegraph line across the U.S. was completed. Yet the riders’ courage and accomplishments still hold a place in legend.

Today, you can visit an original Pony Express station. Called the Hollenberg Station, it is located near Hanover, Kansas. The station was originally a five-room building in which Gerat Hollenberg and his wife sold supplies and provided meals for people who were traveling to California and Oregon. The couple also rented out rooms and repaired wagons for tired travelers. While the Pony Express was in operation, riders changed horses at the station and obtained both food and shelter there.

The station is now a historic landmark. For a few dollars, you can tour the site. In a nearby visitor center, there is also a small gift shop and a theater where you can see films about the station.

66. Why, mainly, did William Russell and his partners start the new service? A. To make mail delivery somewhat safer. B. To expand mail delivery to other nations. C. To dramatically speed up mail delivery. D. To reduce the high cost of mail delivery.

67. What does this article imply about the work that the delivery people did? A. It continued for decades. B. It was widely imitated. C. It made investors rich. D. It was quite dangerous.

68. What do we learn about Gerat Hollenberg from this article? A. The various fees that he charged.

B. The age at which he went into business. C. The type of business he ran.

D. The expenses which he had to pay.

69. What has the Hollenberg Station become since the 1860s? A. A center for research. B. A tourist attraction. C. A set for movies. D. A social club.

(B)

It’s always great to experience a new location in a unique way. For those brave travelers who enjoy testing exciting stunts, rides and thrills, the members and editors of VirtualTourist.com provided a list of the best spots to get an adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush.

Paraglide above the Lauterbrunnen Valley, Switzerland Multiple VirtualTourist members suggested getting a thrill while on the road by seeing your location from up above – way up above! Taking off from a meadow high above Interlaken, paragliding provides thrills and unparalleled views of Lake Brienz, Lake Thun and the town below. For those who are even more adventurous, you can paraglide from the top of Schilthorn, which is 2,970 meters high and was featured in a James Bond film.

For those who want their adrenaline on the water, few spots in the world are as remote and filled with guaranteed great waves like Fiji. Tavarua Island is an island resort encircled by coral reefs and the unique wave breaks that accompany them. You’ll need to take a boat out to some of them, but then you’re set for the ride of your life. The fantastic surf spots near Tavarua include the famous Cloudbreak and Restaurants, a 200-300 yard ride right off the island. 70. Who provided the list of the spots in the article?

A. The brave travelers who enjoy testing exciting stunts, rides and thrills. B. The travelers who like to travel around the world. C. The travel agencies in Switzerland, Costa Rica and Fiji. D. The members and editors of VirtualTourist.com.

71. Why do VirtualTourist members suggest taking Paraglide in Switzerland? A. Because it can supply excitement and beautiful scenes. B. Because it can provide an opportunity to enjoy nice views. C. Because James Bond film was filmed there. D. Because it is comfortable and exciting.

72. According to the passage, which of the following do those who like wildlife prefer? A. Paraglide above the Lauterbrunnen Valley, Switzerland. B. Zip line in Costa Rica. C. Surf Tavarua Island, Fiji.

D. Bungee jump at the Macau Tower, China.

73. What does the word “Restaurants” in the last paragraph refer to? A. A place where people can eat. B. A sport name. C. A surf spot.

D. A famous wave’s name.

(C)

Social networks have found a promising new source of advertising income: targeting users with ads for products they browsed online.

The latest form of advertising, called “retargeting,” is expected to not only get more

Zip line in Costa Rica The jungles and animals of Costa Rica are a thrill in themselves, but the vantage point and excitement of a zip line takes the entire experience to another level. A zip line combines a of cables and platforms at different heights that allow visitors to travel through the series rainforest canopy and over rivers and water features and animals up close. Zip lines are increasingly popular and can be found throughout Costa Rica; some of the best areas to find them are Monteverde, Arenea and Manuel Antonio. Surf Tavarua Island, Fiji

common, but increase worries over privacy.

Most people are aware they are being watched online. They also know that the marketers who are tracking their movements are going to show them ads tailored to their interests.

But many say it’s frightening when an ad for the product they eyed on one website begins popping up on Facebook. Analysts say these ads are only going to multiply because they are potentially very profitable for social networks under pressure from investors.

With its new service called “Tailored Audiences,” marketers can reach consumers who have shown an interest in their brands, the company said.

Retargeting is still a small part of the overall online advertising industry but it’s growing quickly because shoppers are clicking on the ads, according to emarketer analyst Debra Aho Williamson.

Whether Twitter users will enjoy seeing these personalized ads or will be set apart by the more intrusive tracking remains to be seen.

Twitter said it would disable the service for users who check the “Do Not Track” option in their browsers. Twitter users can also choose not to receive “promoted content” – advertising that appears in tweets and in trends on Twitter – by adjusting their privacy settings.

But retargeted advertising may be a wake-up call for many users to how much of a data trail they leave that marketers can now follow back to their accounts.

That’s just why the strategy is so effective – and why social networks are rolling out such ads, analysts say.

People are much more likely to buy something they were already shopping for, said Larry Kim, founder of marketing firm WordStream.

Internet giants such as Google and Yahoo have been tracking users across the Web to show them retargeted ads for years. It’s a more recent phenomenon on social networks.

In retargeting, marketers use small text files called cookies. When users look at a particular item on a website, a cookie is placed on their browser. Marketers can then target FaceBook and Twitter users who recently visited their websites.

No identifying information about users changes hands, FaceBook and Twitter say.

“If you see an ad in your feed from a website you visited, the website doesn’t know it’s you specially seeing the ad, just a group of people who visited the website,” Williamson said, “…For some people, that is going to be a problem. For others it is going to be a benefit.” 74. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Retargeting is helping social networks make advertising earnings.

B. Retargeting is becoming more and more popular among young people. C. Retargeting plays a positive part in all the network users’ life. D. Retargeting ads are forcing Twitter users to leave the website.

75. What does the phrase popping up in the fourth paragraph most probably mean? A. becoming popular B. appearing unexpectedly C. attacking suddenly D. tracking quickly 76. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. No identifying information about users changes hands. B. Retargeting is beneficial to a special group of people.

C. The website you visited will keep your personal information for you.