南通泰州2018届高三第一次调研测试英语（有答案）

neonicotinoids, the growth chart was a flat line.

When the Swedish study was published in April 2015, it made headlines around the world. It was the first to show that neonicotinoids—known as neonics—could harm bees in a real-world farming situation.Bee populations are declining in many parts of the globe, a worrying sign for the crops and wild plants that rely on these bees for their survival. Parasites(寄生虫), disease and shrinking food resources are all prime suspects. But a link to neonics has become a major flashpoint.

Even before Rundl?f’s results were revealed, the European Union had placed heavy restrictions on three most widely used neonics in flowering crops—plants that might be attractive to bees—among rising concerns that the chemicals might harm pollinators (传粉者). But farmers, the agrochemical industry and some scientists pointed out that these were based on limited evidence, gathered mostly from lab tests.

Since Rundl?f’s paper, studies showing real-world evidence of harm from pesticides in the field have been mounting—and environmental organizations have demanded wide-ranging bans. Regulatory agencies will soon decide what to do about neonics, which have a global market worth more than US$1.5 billion per year. This month, the EU’s European Food Safety Authority is due to complete a re-evaluation of evidence for restricting neonics; the EU will then need to decide what action to take. France has passed a law that would ban neonics in 2018.

But industry groups and some scientists say the evidence still isn’t conclusive. The picture is complicated: some studies show harm to some bees in some circumstances, while others find no harm. The results seem to be affected by many factors, including the species of bee and the kinds of crops involved. Scientists working on the question say any new study is instantly picked at by advocates on both sides. Even the results of the largest study on the matter, funded by the agrochemical industry, failed to produce a consensus. It’s likely that political or regulatory decisions will settle the matter before opposing parties agree. 61. Maj Rundl?f’s study suggests that______.

A. neonicotinoids are linked to bee declinesB. bumblebees are threatened with cold winter C. honeybees are at no risk from neonicotinoids D. neonicotinoids are harmful to bees as expected

62. Why does the declining of bee populations raise much concern?

A. Disease has caused the lack of food resources.

B. Flowering crops with neonics are appealing to bees.

C.Bees play a leading role in limiting the number of parasites.

D. Bee populations are crucial to the survival of crops and wild plants. 63. According to the passage, we know that ______.

A. the EU is to further assess the harm of neonicotinoids B. evidence of harm to bees from pesticides is sufficient C. the EU has already banned the use of neonicotinoids D. more and more studies prove pesticides harmful to bees 64. The last paragraph is mainly about ______.

A. the battle over the widespread use of neonicotinoids B. the debate about the harm by neonicotinoids to bees C. factors of influence on the present situation of bees D. doubts about current political or regulatory systems

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D

There are many heartbreaking moments in this beautifully written book，Letter to Louis，by Alison White, but the first comes before it even begins. In the devotion to her son Louis, author Alison White says how she wanted to write it so that people would understand disability and caring, but also, “to be totally honest, I wanted to write something that would make people consider being Louis’s friend”. Beneath that simple plea (恳求) lies the great fear of so many parents who nurse a severely disabled child through to adulthood: “What will happen when I’m gone?” Instead of giving a vivid account of the fear and anxieties that accompany long-term caring, she just tells us what it’s like, and it is equally admirable, uplifting, terrifying.

As a society, we are fond of praising short-term heroism: the soldier or firefighter, bravery containable within a single story. The uncomfortable truth that Letter to Louis lays bare is that the heroism of long-term toughness, the daily caring over many years, is neither great nor interesting. At times, with two other children to care for and Louis waking five times a night, still undiagnosed and in constant pain, White feels simple despair. “I picture the cliff. I picture jumping holding you tight in my arms, falling and falling through the air.”

Although there are moments of joy—when Louis first speaks, manages to walk a little—White offers no comforting platitudes (陈词滥调). “My destiny has been decided. The realisation hits me full force in the stomach. I don’t want this destiny.” Very soon, you come to admire White’s courage not only in raising a child with a disability but in resisting the temptation to hit one or two of the many she encounters along the way: a Clarks shoe shop assistant who refuses to sell Louis, a wheelchair user, a pair of shoes because he can’t walk across the room for her to check the fit, and an unhelpful occupational therapist who won’t authorise the toileting equipment that he needs, insisting he has to learn to wipe his own bottom, even though it is a physical impossibility for him.

It is shocking to learn that at Louis’s most disabled, after a disastrous foot operation, the family are only entitled to two hours’ help a month. Temporary care only comes, eventually, when they are close to breakdown. At one point, Louis has five different social workers in eight months—and then, unbelievably, faces the overnight withdrawal of all temporary care when he reaches his 18th birthday.

On the other hand, White explains the difference that the support of family and friends and small acts of kindness from strangers can make. When she takes Louis on a special day trip to London because he wants to travel on the tube, Transport for London staff take it upon themselves to radio ahead to each other to make sure there is always someone to help them at each station he wants to visit. Once in a while, a therapist or doctor actually listens to White’s knowledge and expertise regarding her son’s condition.

Eventually, though, the long-term consequences of constant lack of sleep and caring work begin to take effect. A slightly mysterious chapter towards the end of the book sees the author disappearing to Edinburgh to walk and sit in cafes: it’s never stated clearly whether this is for work or because she has had a breakdown or a combination of the two. The wonder is only that it has taken so long.

This chapter is just one of the half-told stories in this book: the author is mindful of the need to protect the privacy of her husband, although it is clear their marriage has come close to breaking point many times, as anybody’s would, and that of her other two children. Beneath it all is a cold anger that any decent-minded reader will share towards a society that fails to understand

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that unless carers are properly cared for by the rest of us, it all falls apart. Above all, this book is a plea for understanding, for the rest of society to pause a while when they encounter someone like Louis or his parents. The huge difference a kindly word or helpful act can make—and the destruction a thoughtless act can cause—cannot be underestimated. This book is an essential read for anyone who has ever complained about their taxes going to pay for disability services: it should be legally required reading for anyone in the medical profession or anyone with the power to decide about cuts to those services. The rest of us should read it for an acute insight into just how lucky we are.

65. Alison White wrote Letter to Louis to ______.

A. describe the hardships in bringing up her disabled child B.illustrate the sufferings and miseries of her disabled child

C. promote acceptance of the disabled and concernfor their carers D. express parents’ worries about the future of their disabled children 66. By comparing two kinds of heroism, the author intends to ______.

A.applaud the bravery of soldiers and firefighters B. encourage the parents of the disabled to live on C. blame people for their favor of short-term heroism

D.emphasize the heroism of caring for a disabled child 67. What can we infer from the 4th paragraph? A. Louis is able to depend on himself at 18. B. The Whites eventually break down in despair. C. Social workers are willing to offer help to Louis. D. Public support for the disabled is far from ideal.

68. Alison White disappears to Edinburgh and stays there long probably because ______. A. social workers’ help frees her from the toughness of life

B. the cold and indifferent society makes her disappointed C. she temporarily escapes from the endless caring work D. she wants to be relieved from the blow of her divorce 69. What does the underlined sentence imply? A. Society should show concern for the carers of the disabled.

B. Readers will misunderstand society if carers are neglected. C. It does not make any sense to be angry with society. D. The carers should be responsible for their own needs. 70. The author of the passage concludes it with ______.

A. strong recommendation B. obvious disapproval C. cautious warning D. mild criticism

第四部分 任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

It seems that we’re talking more than ever. And it’s true that we have more platforms for connection and communication than ever before. But what feels like conversation is actually just talking. Conversation—the exchange of ideas and thoughts between two people in which both understand one another and respond to each other – is disappearing underneath the mountains of

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posts, and texts.

It’s that conversation I want to revive (恢复), the kind that involves judging fairly and carefully qualities of the other and increases empathy (心灵相通). That’s the kind of bond that builds bridges and crosses the divides splitting us apart.

Can you still have that kind of conversation? Of course you can. The first barrier is the phone. A study showed that the mere presence of a phone, even one that didn’t belong to the people

Passage outline Supporting details talking, made those involved in a chat more likely tosee the other person as unfriendly and untrustworthy. So, the first step is to put it away.

Next, stop avoiding conversations you think might lead to an argument and instead learn to have the discussion without arguing. You do that by choosing to learn from the conversation instead of teaching. Don’t try to educate the other person, prove them wrong or change their mind, because that probably won’t happen.

Instead, make it your goal to learn more about their perspective (视角).This is an excellent way to increase your own empathy and stimulate (激发) your mind with new ideas. You may disagree with what they’re saying, but you’re doing a lot of good for yourself in listening to them with respect.

And that brings us to the next step: listen. Listening is a skill and we aren’t born knowing how to do it well. Often we hear just the first few words someone speaks and then start crafting our response. That’s a common habit and it’s hard to break.

In order to listen effectively, you have to allow thoughts to enter your head and then let them flow right back out so you can return to listening. It’s not easy, but it’s necessary if you hope to really hear and understand what another person is saying.

Learning to listen is an intensely rewarding experience. The people around you, even strangers, have secrets and hidden talents. If you haven’t heard them, you’ve missed out on a lot of fascinating stories and helpful advice.

We have all become very expert at expressing our own thoughts and feelings, and social media gives us endless methods for publishing them. But talking teaches you nothing, and so it’s no surprise when we learn nothing about each other and find it hard to keep the conversation going.

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