过去进行时

过去进行时

一、过去进行时的定义：

表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行或发生的动作。

常见的标志词有：at this time yesterday, at 9:00, last night, then, while等。

二、过去进行时的构成和句型：be (was/ were)+V.-ing形式 1.肯定句：主语+be(was/were)+V.-ing形式+其它 如：(1) I was playing chess at 7:00 last night. (2) He was singing in his bedroom at 8:00 this morning. (3) My mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen at this time yesterday.

(4) They were playing football at 4:00 yesterday aternoon. (5) We were having an English class at 9:00 this morning.

2.否定句：主语+be(was/ were)+not+V.-ing形式+其它 如：(1) I wasn't playing chess at 7:00 last night. (2) He wasn't singing in his bedroom at 8:00 this morning. (3) My mother wasn't cooking dinner in the kitchen at this time yesterday.

(4) They weren't playing football at 4:00 yesterday afternoon. (5) We weren't having an English class at 9:00 this morning. 3.疑问句： be(was/ were)+主语+V.-ing形式+其它+？ 肯定回答： Yes, 主语+be(was/ were). 否定回答： No, 主语+be(was/ were)+not. 如： (1) Were you playing chess at 7:00 last night? -Yes, I was./ No, I wasn't.

(2) Was he singing in his bedroom at 8:00 this morning? -Yes, he was./ No, he wasn't.

(3) Was your mother cooking dinner in the kitchen at this time yesterday?

-Yes, she was./ No, she wasn't.

(4) Were they playing football at 4:00 yesterday afternoon? -Yes, they were./ No, they weren't.

(5) Were you having an English class at 9:00 this morning? -Yes, I was./ No, I wasn't.

三、现在分词（v.+-ing）的构成： 1.一般在词尾加-ing。

如：do-doing, study-studying, listen-listening. 2.以不发音的字母 e结尾的，先去 e再加-ing。

如：have-having, make-making, write-writing, dance-dancing.

3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。

如：begin-beginning, run-running, get-getting, sit-sitting, put-putting, plan-planning, shop-shopping, swim-swimming, stop-stopping. 4.以字母ie结尾的动词，将ie 改为y ，再加-ing。 如：die-dying, lie-lying.

四、过去进行时的用法：

1.表示过去某时正在进行的动作。（这一用法通常要把时间状语表示出来，或者通过上下文把时间关系暗示出来。这种时间状态可以表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。）

如：(1) What were you doing yesterday at seven p.m.?

(2) When I went downstairs, they were already eating breakfast. (3) From 1983 to 2010, he was teaching at Yale（耶鲁大学）. (4) They were building a dam last winter. (5) I was talking to the librarian this morning, and he said we had to return all the reference books before Saturday.（人们常在口语或记叙文中首先用过去进行时表示某种正在进行的动作为背景，并由此引出用一般过去时表示的新的事态或情节。）

2.表示过去某种习惯性动作。（常指过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯。） 如：(1) Tom was getting up at five every day that week.

(2) I was watching TV at 9:00 last week.

3.过去进行时也可以与always, continually, constantly, for ever等状语连用表示感情色彩。（这一用法与现在进行时的相应用法一样。） (1) My bother was always losing his keys. (2) Alice was constantly changing her clothes.

4.表示过去将来时间里的动作。

（1）在一定的上下文中表示按照计划安排即将发生的过去将来时态。

如：They were leaving a few days later.

The summer vacation was drawing near, but nobody knew where they were going for the holiday. （2）用在某些时间状语和条件状语分句中还可以表示过去将来时间正在进行的动作。

如： He promised not to mention this when he was talking to her. He told me wake him up if he was sleeping.

5.表示现在时间和将来时间里的动作，这种用法是为了表示婉转口气以及表示某种臆想的、非真实的情况。

（1）表示婉转口气。（只限于hope, want, wonder等动词，主要用来表示有礼貌的请求。）

如：I was wondering/wondered if you'd like to come out with me one evening.