电大会计本科学位英语复习资料0804(原版)

电大会计本科学位英语复习资料0804 200804

symbols符号 of social社会intercourse交流. Those signs or cues include the thousand and one ways众我方法 in which we orient适宜 ourselves to the situation情形 of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases购买, when to accept and when to refuse invitations邀请,when to take statements陈述 seriously真诚 and when not. These cues提示, which may be words, gestures,facial expressions面部表情, customs, or norms, are acquired习惯 by all of us in the course在..期间 of growing up成长 and are as much同样多 a part of our culture文明 as the language we speak or the beliefs信仰 we accept接受. All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry on the level of conscious awareness. 完全缺乏熟悉的社会交往的标志和特征导致的忧虑加速了我们对文化的不适应症。这些标志和记号包括了我们对日常生活环境适应的众多方法： 当到摇动手和该说什么当我们遇见别人, 当该如何示意 , 该如何进行购买，何时该接受和何时该拒绝邀请, 何时该真诚的陈述和何时不那么做。 这些提示, 可能是字，手势 , 面部表情，关税或基准, 在成长期间,和同样地被我们全部获得是很多我们的文化一个部份如语言我们说或我们接受的信念。 我们全部都为我们的思想和我们的和平数以百计这些开端上的效率靠, 我们不 继续有意识的觉察水平的大部分。

Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be, a series of props have been knocked from under you followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. 现在当一个个人进入这些熟悉的开端奇怪的文化 , 所有的或大部分是离开的时候。 他或她由水像一条鱼。 无论友善你可能是多麽的气量大的或充满,一系列的 支柱从在被挫折和焦虑的感觉跟随的你之下有被敲击。 在多相同的方法中人们对～产生反应挫折。

First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort. \feel bad.\are suffering from culture shock. Another phase of culture shock is regression. The home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance. To the foreigner everything becomes irrationally glorified. 首先他们拒绝引起不便之处的环境。 \因为他们使我感觉坏 , 所以东道主很坏\。 当在奇怪的土地中的外国人聚在一起埋怨有东道主国和它的民族事时候, 你能确定他们正在蒙受文化冲击。 文化冲击的另外一个时期是衰退。 家环境突然承担巨大的重要。 对外国人每件事物无理性的变成赞美。

All the difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes trip home to bring one back to reality. 所有的困难和问题被忘记并且只有好的事物回家被记得。 它通常带旅行回家对真实把一带来回来。

1.According to the passage, culture shock ___A___. 第1空答案C. is actually not a disease

A. is an occupational disease职业病 of foreign外国 people B. may可能 lead to导致 very serious严重 symptoms症状 C. is actually not a disease实际上是一种疾病 D. is incurable不可治愈

2.According to the passage, culture shock results产生 from ___C ___. 第2空答案A. the sudden change of the social atmosphere and customs

A. the sudden change突跃 of the socia社会 atmosphere气氛 and customs.社交的氛围突变 B. the sudden change of our daily habits日常习惯突变

C. the sudden loss of our own signs符号 and symbols 象征

D. the discomfort不适 that we feel when faced面对 with a foreigner外国人 3.Which one of the following may not be the symptoms征兆 of culture shock? C 第3空答案C. You suddenly forget what a word means.

A. You don't know how to express your gratitude.你不知道如何表达你的感谢之情 B. You don't know how to greet other people.你不知道如何向其他人表达致敬 C. You suddenly forget what a word means.你突然忘记一个字的意谓

D. You don't understand why a foreigner shrugs.你不了解一个外国人为什么耸肩

4.How would a person who stays逗留 abroad国外 most probably大概 react反应 when he or she is frustrated失落 by the culture shock according to the passage? 当他或她藉着依照通道的文化冲击是失望的时候一个在国外最或停留的人如何会反应 D(林B)

第4空答案A. He is most likely to refuse to absorb the strange environment at first.

A. He is most likely to refuse to absorb the strange environment at first.开始他可能会抗拒接受生疏的环境

13

电大会计本科学位英语复习资料0804 200804

B. He is ready to accept the change and adapt himself to the new environment.他准备好接受变化而且使他自己配合新的环境 C. He or she is most likely to take a trip home when frustrated by the strange environment.当他在生疏的环境失落,大多会远行回家 D. He or she may begin to hate the people or things around him or her.他可能开始憎恨人们和身边的事物.

5.This passage is most likely taken from _?_(林A)____. 第5空答案D. an essay on human customs A. a news report新闻报告 B. a grammar book原理书籍

C. a book on medicine and psychology关于医学和心理的书 D. an essay on human customs一篇随笔

The English names of the months of the year come from Latin拉丁. January1, March3, May5,and June6 were all named after Roman gods神. January was named after命名 the god Janus. Janus was a strange god with two faces that could look in two directions方向. He could look forward and back at the same time, so he was the god of beginnings and endings. January, the first month of the year, is a time at which one looks forward to the new year and back to the old year. The name February2 comes from a Roman celebration庆典 called Februa. Februa was a celebration of cleaning清洁. Toward the end of February, after the long winter months, people begin to think of spring cleaning. This probably大概 was the origin起源 of the name of the month. February had only twenty-eight days except every fourth year, when it had an extra额外 day. This is because in every year there are exactly 365 days and six hours. At the end of four years, these six extra额外 hours of each year add up to twenty-four hours, or one full day. This fourth year, in which February has twenty-nine days, is called leap year闰年. The third month, March3, was named after the Roman god of war战神, Mars. Mars was a strong god, and the Roman people always connected连接 him with thunder and lightning指责. Pictures of Mars always show总是展示 him with lightning闪电 about his head头. It is natural that March should be named after this god since in most of North America, it is the month of strong winds, rain, and storms. There is frequent频繁 thunder and lightning in March. 1. What do people often do in the first month of the year? D

A. They expect for the new year.他们预期新年 B. They do the first cleaning.他们首先做清洁 C. They think back the past year.他们回想过去一年 D. Both A and C.

2. The second month of a year is named February probably because ___C____.

A. the god Februa has two faces.因Februa是个双面神 B. it is named after a Roman god who does spring cleaning它由一个做春天清洁的罗马人命名 C. it is time to consider spring cleaning这时是考虑春天清洁的时候了 D. \in Latin二月是拉丁文”二”的意思

3. Regarding关于 the origin of the name of the second month of a year, the author作者 is A .

A. not very sure不是很确信 B. completely ignorant完全无知 C. very certain非常确定 D. suspicious 可疑 4. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A

A. It is frequently频繁 rainy and stormy暴风 in March in most of North America.北美三月的天气大多数下雨和暴风 B. Every year there are exactly 365 days and twenty-four hours.每年都确切地有365日和24小时 C. People all over the world celebrate cleaning in February.全世界都在2月庆贺清洁

D. God Mars often appear in pictures with snow, lightning and thunder.战神时常以雪\\闪电\\雷出现 5. Which of the following statements might be the topic sentence of this passage? A. The months are all named after Roman gods.月份全以罗马神命名

B. The English names of the months of the year are from Latin.英文月份名称来自拉丁文 C. In every year there are exactly 365 days and six hours.每年有365日+6小时 D. The name February comes from a Roman celebration.二月命名来自罗马庆典 B

Yesterday was (1 Jim's birthday) .He got a lot of presents (2from) his friends and family. All the gifts were wrapped _(3with) colored paper. (4) of (5) (6) large, but others were very small. Some (7) heavy, and others were light. One square package was blue, there was a book in it. Another one was long and narrow; it had an umbrella in it. Jim's sister gave him a big,

14

电大会计本科学位英语复习资料0804 200804

(8) package.

He thought it (9) a ball, but it (10) . When he (11) the yellow paper that covered it, he saw that it was a globe of the world. After that his brother gave him (12)_gift. It was a big box (13) green paper. Jim opened it and found another box (14) red paper. He removed the paper and saw a third box; this one was blue in color. Everyone laughed (15) Jim opened the boxes. There were six of them! In the last one he found a small white envelope. There was a piece of paper in the envelope which (16) :\to the big bed-room. Look (17) the closet near the high window. You will see three suitcases: a black one, a brown one and a gray one. Your birthday present is in one of these.\ Jim (18) the large bedroom. He went to the closet and began (19) the suitcases. He had to open all of them (20) he saw his brother's present. He was very happy. It was just what Jim wanted ---- a portable typewriter.

第1空: 林C A. birthday of Jim B. Jim birthday C. Jim's birthday D. Jim-birth-day 第2空: 林D A. at B. away with C. back from D. from 第3空: 林C A. in B. by C. with D. of

第4空: 林A A. Most B. Some C. Many D. Much

第5空: 林A A. the packages B. packages C. the package D. package

第1空答案C. Jim's birthday 第2空答案D. from 第3空答案A. in 第4空答案B. Some 第5空答案A. the packages 第6空答案B. are 第7空答案B. were 第8空答案C. round 第9空答案B. was 第10空答案D. was not 第11空答案A. removed 第12空答案D. another 第13空答案C. wrapped in 第14空答案C. covered with 第15空答案D. as 第16空答案A. said 第17空答案B. in 第18空答案C. went in 第19空答案B. opening 第20空答案D. before

Rote-learning (死记硬背), spoon-fed education匙喂教育, produces导致 a brand烙印 of kids that don't know what to do when entering university进入大学. They are disciplined into following, not leading.他们被训练跟从,而不是领导. Yet the future depends on creativity and imagination.然而未来依赖创造和想像力. The world needs creators, makers and shakers of the new centuries,世界需要创造者,创造和揉合出新的世纪 not the followers of the past centuries.而不是追随过去的世纪. As the numbers increase at college and university level, more students from the lower ends are likely to be thrown into a system designed to choose only learners that have proved excellent in listening to teachers.

,如学院和大学平数字增加,更多来自下端的较多学生对进入被设计体系,只会听老师的话,选择能证明的学习者为优良的一个系统之内可能被丢弃

There are three ways to learn: looking, listening and doing.学习只有三个途径:看,听,做

Students and teachers today are a product of learning by listening.学生和老师是今天听的产物. The computer may not be liked by traditional teachers电脑可能不被传统老师喜欢, who use rote-learning to put information谁喜欢死记硬背, which will be out of date in a few years没几年就会落后, into the heads of the students. With computer learning you learn by looking, listening and doing; you use three methods of learning, not just one. Therefore因此, you can learn faster.

The changing speed of information is frightening.信息正令人吃惊地变更. What we learn now will be out of date in the near future.我们所学在不久的将来被废弃. So what students are learning now at school may be replaced by the time they finish university.中学时代所学可能在大学时已被取代. We have to learn by choice what to forget我们不得不选择学习忘记. Rote-learning for exams is one thing, but wouldn't it be better to learn how to learn?但它不会是比较好地学习如何学习的吗? The students at university today could possibly be doing a job in the not too distant future which has not yet been invented.今日的大学生可能可以做一项工作是今天尚未出现的.

149. According to the author, the future doesn't need _____ D_______. A) creativity创造 B) imagination 想像C) creators创作 D) followers追随者

150. In the author's view作者观点, how can students learn well? D A) Carefully listen to the teacher in class.小心听老师课堂中的说话 B) Take down every single word said by the teacher. 记下老师说的每个词 C) Learn all the notes by heart.学习所有的笔记

D) Combine listening with looking and doing.听看做结合

15

电大会计本科学位英语复习资料0804 200804

151. What does the author mean by \ 林 D

A) We don't have enough time to adjust ourselves to the speed of information.我们没有充足的时间调整我们自己到数据的速度 B) What we learned today may not be useful tomorrow.我们今天所学的不是明天所用的 C) The pace of life is too fast.生活的速度太快

D) The world is changing every minute.世界每分钟都正在变更

152. What does the last sentence of the passage tell us? （不是很确定）林D C A) Rote-learning is completely harmful.死记硬背十分有害

B) Students may have to do jobs which have not yet been invented.学生可能必须做仍未被创造出来的工作 C) It's better to learn how to learn than learn what to forget.比学习该忘记什么更好的,是学习该如何学习 D) Students must look into the future.学生必须预见未来

153. The author's attitude towards rote-learning is ____ B_____. A) approving满意 B) disapproving不赞成

C) confident确信 D) opposite to what the words say相对而言的 Text 3

Since the late 1960s a growing number of women have expressed a strong dissatisfaction不满 with any marriage

arrangement wherein the husband and his career are the primary considerations in the marriage.自从 1960 年代後期以後愈来愈多的女人有用～表达一个强烈不满婚姻需主要考虑安排丈夫和他的事业.By the end of the 1970s, for example, considerably相当于 less than half of the women in the United States still believed that they would put their husbands and children ahead of their own careers事业. 只有少于一半的美国妇女愿意将丈夫和孩子放在事业之前.

More and more American women have come to believe that they should be equal partners rather than junior partners in their marriages.越来越多美国妇女相信他们是与婚姻处在对等的地位. This stage of marriage, 婚姻的这个阶段性,although not typical典型 of most American marriages at present, 虽然现在不是大多数美国婚姻生活的典型, will grow most rapidly in the future.有迅速增长的趋势. In an equal partnership marriage对等的合伙婚姻中, the wife pursues a full-time job or career which has equal importance to her husband's.妻子全职工作,与她的丈夫同等重要. The long-standing长期存在 division of labor劳动分工 between husband and wife comes to an end. 长期存在的劳动分工在丈夫和妻子之间结束.The husband is no longer the main主要 provider供给 of family income收入, 丈夫不再是家庭收入的主要供给者, and the wife no longer has the main responsibilities职责 for household duties and raising children.而妻子的主要职责不再是家庭和养育孩子. Husband and wife share all these duties equally.夫妻平等地分担这些责任. Power over family decisions is also shared equally.家庭的决定力量也被相等地分享.

The rapid change in women's attitudes toward marriage in the 1970s reflected rapid change in the larger society. The Women's Liberation Movement appeared in the late 1960s, demanding an end to all forms of sexual discrimination against females.女权运动在1960年代后期出现 An Equal Rights Amendment (修正案) to the U.S. Constitution was proposed which would make any form of discrimination歧视 on the basis of sex illegal, and though it has failed to be ratified, it continues to have millions of supporters. 一部平等修正案提议修定美国宪法差别以性别歧视是违法的,虽然它有未能被批准,它继续有数以百万计的支持者.

154. Since the late 1960s more women have been dissatisfied 不满 with the marriage婚姻生活 where in _林B____( D). A) they are unhappy

B) they are in the inferior position她们地位次等

C) only the husband work to earn the living只有丈夫工作谋生 D) the wife only take care of the household妻子照顾家庭

155. What is the long-standing division of labor劳动分工 between husband and wife in America? 林D A) Husband-leader, wife-helper.丈夫-领导者,妻子-助手 B) Husband and wife share the housework.夫妻分担家务 C) Husband and wife have equal partnership.夫妻地位对等

16