当前位置：首页 > 2012十一短训班写作课讲义-教师版
教学内容
1.评分的原则；
2.让学生进行作文的评分； 3.书面表达的常见错误； 4.书面表达涉及的话题； 5. 07-12年中考真题回顾； 6.案例分析； 7.写作要求；
8.答题的一般步骤；
9.让句子靓起来的几个方法； 10. 实战演练。
Part one
一. 中考书面表达评分细则 （一） 评分原则：
1. 评分时，先根据短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，
确定或调整档次，最后评分。
2. 字数少于50词或多于100词的，从总分中减去2分。
3. 评分时，应注意的内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性，上下文的
连贯性。
4. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予于考虑。
英，美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
5. 如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。 （二） 评分档次：
本题阅卷时应把学生写出的短文分为四个档次。 第一档次：（0-6分）。短文包括部分信息，写出的句子有严重语法错误，表达的意思也不清
楚，有较多的单词拼写错误。
第二档次：（7-9分）。短文包括大部分信息，写出的句子虽然有语法错误，但能表达基本意
思，有较多的单词拼写错误。
第三档次：（10-12分）。短文包括所给大部分信息，写出的句子能表达意思且无严重错误，
单词有少数几个拼写错误。
第四档次：（13-15）。短文包括所给绝大部分信息，写出的句子表达意思清楚且基本无错误，
单词拼写基本正确。
档次 部分 第一档次 writing 不清楚、不整齐、多涂改 较清楚、较整齐、三四处涂改 较清楚、较整齐、一两处涂改 清楚、整齐、无涂改 vocabulary 较多单词拼写错误 grammar 严重语法错误 information 部分信息 （0-6分） 第二档次 较多单词拼写错误 虽然有语法错误，但能表达基本意思 大部分信息 （7-9分） 第三档次 少数拼写错误 无严重错误 所给大部分信息 （10-12分） 第四档次 单词拼写基本正确 基本无错误 所给绝大部分信息 （13-15）
1
Part two
二．让学生进行作文的评分；（
题目：How do you go to school?说说自己的出行方式并阐述理由） 十三分作文：
Now I will tell you what you want to know. I go to school on foot. I think it is a good way.
First, I don’t live far from my school. I don’t need to go to school by bus or by bike. Then, I think it is good for my health. It can make me healthy. Then, when I go to school on foot, I feel very happy. I can enjoy myself. I think more people should walk to school. It is very fun. It can make us happy. 点评：这篇文章完成了试题规定的内容，覆盖所有内容要点，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。没有语法和词汇错误，具有较强的语言运用能力，格式，标点符号正确，符合英语的表达习惯，重点描述清楚合理，表达充分，层次结构清晰，字迹工整，可读性强，语言流畅，词数符合要求，完全达到了预期的写作目的。
十一分作文：
I am a student in a middle school. I live far from school. So I can go to school by bus. Sometimes I go to school by bike. But I can go to school on foot, too.
I always go to school by bus. By bus is a easily way to go to my school. The bus is very big. It’s very beautiful. I always have a sleep in the bus. It is very good! And I can play in the bus. And, I can read some books.
But, the best way to go to my school is on my foot. It is good for my body. Though I live far from my school!
So, I always go to school by bus. This is a good way, too.
点评：该文完成了试题规定的内容，应用的语法结构和词汇能满足内容的要求，达到了预期的写作目的。内容完整，重点部分描述充分，层次结构分明；但有几处不符合英语表达习惯。
七分作文：
I think the school is not far from my home. So I choose by bike. I think it is excise. It is good for my body. By bike is very cool. I can see beautiful flowers around roads. And quickly, I never late for school.
I think by bike is cheaper than by bus. That is my way to school. I like by bike very much.
点评：内容完整，重点描述合理。但表述不充分，层次结构不合理，语言不够流畅，5-6出语法或拼写错误，词数不足。
三分作文：
I am a stodent. I am by bike to go to school. Because my homo far from my school. My friend xiao ming is a student too. He goes to school by bus. Because his father is a bus driver. My friend xiao li is a student, too. She goes to school on feet. Because she lives in school. We must be good good study, day day up. I know for sture to be a great people. 点评：未恰当完成试题规定内容，漏掉内容要点，未描述清楚注意内容，写了一些无关内容，有较多语法和词汇错误，影响对写作内容的理解，信息未能传达给读者。
2
Part three
三．学生书面表达常见错误 1.审题不清:
跑题、答题点不全，详略不当。 2.名词单复数问题 ：
I have two good friend.(X) I have two good friends.(V) It’s ten minute’s walk from my home to the school. (X) It’s ten minutes’ walk from my home to the school. (V) 3.主语或宾语形式错误:
Watch TV is my hobby.(X) Watching TV ishooby. (V)
I am good at draw pictures.(X) I am good at drawing pictures.(V) 4.缺少动词:
I tired but I happy.(X) I was tired but I was happy. (V) If I free tomorrow, I’ll do it.(X) If I am free tomorrow, I’ll do it.(V) 5. 动词运用不准确:
Tom has a good time last weekend.(X) Tom had a good time last weekend.(V) We were go to the zoo last Sunday.(X) We went to the zoo last Sunday.(V) I often listening to music. (X) I often listen to music. (V) 6.代词的误用:
英语中代词的形式很多，包括主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词等。而汉语中没有主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和名次性物主代词之分；此外汉语中很多时候不用物主代词，而英语中物主代词是不可省略的，代词的误用是考生最容易发生的错误。 1) I mother and I went to buy a present for I father.(X) My mother and I went to buy a present for my father.(V)
2) You father will be angry.(X) Your father will be angry .(V) 3) He’s father is a doctor. (X) His father is a doctor. (V)
4) I often help she with she’s English.(X) I often help her with her English. 7.介词或冠词运用不当:
1)Tom went to the zoo on last Sunday.(X) (介词on多余） Tom went to the zoo last Sunday.(V)
2) I went to the zoo and stayed in there for 3 hours.(X) I went to the zoo and stayed there for 3 hours.(V)
3) I like to play football on playground. (X)----缺冠词the I like to play football on the playground. (V)
4) I read a interesting book yesterday. (X) I read an interesting book yesterday.(V) 5) I play the football after school.(X) I play football after school.(V) 8 .前后不一致: 1) 主谓不一致等
Tom and Tim is from England.(X) Tom and Tim are from England.(V) He like it very much.(X) He likes it very much.(V) 2) 时态不一致
I watched TV and play computer games yesterday. (X)
3
I watched TV and played computer games yesterday. (V) 3) 代词不一致
Mary and his parents were very happy. (X) Mary and her parents were very happy. (V) Tom is from the USA. She is cute and smart. He is cute and smart.. (V) 9. 按照汉语习惯写英语句子:
1) I every day by bus go to school. 2) I very like swimming. 3) I early go to school .
4) Athough he was tired, but he was happy. 5) My class has 40 students. 6) He by bus go to school.
7)You best every day read English. 10. 形容词和副词的误用:
1) The game was very interested. We were interesting in it. (X) The game was very interesting. We were interested in it. (V) 2) He is a carefully boy. (X) He is a careful boy. (V)
3) We should do exercise to keep health. (X) We should do exercise to keep healthy. (V) 11.综合性错误：
1)单词的大小写和标点符号的错误。
2)卷面不整洁，书写不规范，字迹潦草，难以辨认。
Part four
四．书面表达涉及到的话题
★ personal information（个人信息）
★ family，friends and people around （家人、朋友和周围的人） ★ school life （学校生活） ★ daily activity （日常活动）
★ hobbies and interests （兴趣爱好）
★ festivals, holidays and celebrations （节日、假日和庆祝日） ★ emotions （情感）
★ entertainment and sports （娱乐和体育） ★ weather （天气）
★ travel and transport （旅游和交通） ★ lauguage learning （语言学习） ★ environment （环境）
★ interpersonal relationships （人际关系） ★ plans and intentions （计划和打算） ★ advice and suggestion （建议） ★ health （健康）
★ topical issues (热门话题)
4
本文作者：...共分享92篇相关文档
