新理念外语网络教学平台第四册Unit1测试答案

Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely 22 for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer 23 . The German tanks lay 24 in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive 25 .

By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new 26 . In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to 27 Stalingrad.

In November 1942, the Russians launched a 28 . With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand 29 soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally 30 against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.

A) uniforms B) settled over C) to a halt D) counterattack E) unprepared F) siege G) buried H) give up

I) offensives J) dropped K) captured L) thanks M) turned the tide N) shelter O) starving

21. ______________________

正确答案： B

22. ______________________

正确答案： E

23. ______________________

正确答案： A

24. ______________________

正确答案： G

25. ______________________

正确答案： C

26. ______________________

正确答案： I

27. ______________________

正确答案： H

28. ______________________

正确答案： D

29. ______________________

正确答案： O

30. ______________________

正确答案： M

Section B

Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Terrorism may be viewed as the use of force or violence against persons or property to threaten or coerce (迫使) a government, a formal organization, or a civilian population for political, religious, or social objectives. Since terrorists commonly use violence against civilian targets, their actions are widely condemned as morally unacceptable. In practice, as with a great many other behaviors, what constitutes terrorism is a matter of social definition. When nations resort to violence to further their interests, the results are considered as being legal warfare. In many respects, terrorism is an extension of that approach by people who lack the armies of a state.

For many years the public, government officials, and scholars treated terrorism primarily as a \with far-reaching implications. Terrorism serves as an avenue of political expression for some militants (好战分子), whether they are motivated by ideology, ethnicity, or religion. However, what distinguishes much contemporary terrorism is not so much its motivation or purpose, but rather the extent of state involvement in carrying out well-planned and highly destructive acts against adversary nations.

Another feature of contemporary terrorism has been the extent to which it has become a media event. Terrorism is usually aimed at a media audience, not the actual victims. The act of media coverage also enhances the importance of \problem\that led to the

terrorist activities. Newspaper readers and television viewers see \problem\as of much greater importance and as justifying national or international action.

31.

According to the passage, terrorism is widely unacceptable ______. A) for its illegal actions

B) because it is often targeted at ordinary people C) as it usually leads to death and hatred D) for its violence

正确答案： B 32.

The word \ A) legal warfare

B) establishing a state

C) furthering one's interests via violence D) terrorism

正确答案： A 33.

People used to ______.

A) underestimate the influence of terrorism B) pay much attention to terrorism C) suffer less from terrorists' actions D) have sympathy with the terrorists

正确答案： A 34.

Terrorism in the past ______. A) had different objectives B) had different motivations C) was more influential

D) was less closely related to governments

正确答案： D 35.

Terrorists use media mainly ______.

A) to make their aim known to the world B) to carry out violent actions

C) as an avenue of political expression D) to condemn the adversary nations

正确答案： A

Passage Two

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

As traditionally grown, under a canopy (株冠) of shade trees and amid other vegetation, coffee is an environmentally-friendly crop. The shade trees fix nitrogen in the soil, fostering the growth of the coffee bushes, and their fallen leaves provide nutrients, further reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. The mixture of vegetation prevents erosion and protects the coffee from harsh weather. In contrast to corn and cattle, which almost always require clear-cutting, coffee can be grown in relative harmony with the rain forest.

Recently, however, many coffee farmers in northern Latin America have reduced or eliminated shade to grow new high-yielding coffee plants under direct sun. Fear of a disease known as coffee leaf rust sparked an early round of conversions, most of which took place in the 1970s. To prevent the spread of the disease, coffee farmers \replacing older, shade-loving coffee varieties, with new varieties, packed in tight hedgerows, that can survive open sun — but only with chemical inputs.

Coffee leaf rust never turned out to be a major problem for Latin America. To boost farmers' incomes, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) spent some $80 million from the 1970s to the early 1990s, according to a report (1996) from the Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center and the Natural Resources Defense Council, to help growers in Central America and the Caribbean technify. In countries where USAID was not involved, national coffee federations promoted the change, supporting the technification of 69 percent of Colombia's coffee and nearly 40 percent of Costa Rica's.

36.

Growing coffee plants under shade ______. A) helps them absorb oxygen from the soil B) provides nutrients for other trees

C) reduces the need for chemical fertilizers D) creates a mixture of vegetation

正确答案： C 37.

Coffee can be grown amid the rain forest because ______.