同济大学工程硕士英语课文翻译 Unit1-Unit 6

Roosevelt owed much to technological good fortune. In 1921, the number of radios in the United States was in the thousands. By 1928, there were 9 million, and by 1932, 18 million, with about half the households owning at least one radio. Herbert Hoover had appeared on one of the first \knew how to use the broadcasting medium effectively.

罗斯福的炉边谈话大大受益于技术的发展。1921年，全美收音机的数量只有几千台。而到了1928年，这个数字就达到了900万台。到1932年的时候，全美已经有1800万台收音机了，大约有一半的家庭每家至少有一台收音机。赫伯特·胡佛利用过一种叫做电视的新生技术，他曾经首次出现在“电视广播”上。但无论是胡佛还是其他人，都不知道如何有效地利用广播媒体。

Roosevelt, though, was different. 然而，罗斯福则与众不同。

All afternoon, workers busily removed the gold pieces and Presidential china patterns in the Diplomatic Reception Room on the White House ground floor. In came bulky electrical equipment and telephone cables, connected to a desk and built-in microphone. Meanwhile, Roosevelt pictured people \Perkins, who witnessed many broadcasts. \move in natural, relaxed gestures. His face would light up as though he were actually sitting with people.\

整个下午，工人们都在忙着搬走白宫外交接待大厅里的各种金饰品和总统瓷器，而搬进来的则是笨重的电气设备和电话电缆，这些设备都与一台桌子和内置的麦克风相连接。与此同时，罗斯福想象人们“聚在客厅里，与他们的邻居共同倾听”。曾经亲历了无数广播现场的弗朗西斯·珀金斯如是写道，“当罗斯福说话的时候，他点着头，并且做出各种自然而放松的手势。他的面孔熠熠生辉，就好像真的与人们坐在一起谈话一样。”

The ritual went this way: Upstairs, FDR would put the finishing touches on every word and phrase. He was obsessed with punctuation. Grace Tully, his secretary, sometimes inserted extra commas when she typed, leading her boss to gently upbraid her for \the taxpayers' commas.\His real concern was timing. He read aloud at about 100 words a minute, but he adjusted his pace for effect. At 6 p.m., Roosevelt had his throat sprayed for a sinus problem. Then he enjoyed cocktails and dinner.

整个过程是这样进行的：在楼上，罗斯福对每个单词和短语进行最后的润色。他对标点符号非常在意，而秘书格雷斯·塔利打字时有时会多打一些逗号，她的老板会因此语气和善地批评她 “浪费纳税人的逗号”。罗斯福最关心的是时间把握问题。他大声朗读的速度大约是每分钟100个单词，但是他会调整自己的速度以求得到最好的效果。下午6点钟，因为鼻窦的问题罗斯福让人帮他冲洗了喉咙，然后就开始享用鸡尾酒和晚餐了。

Moments before the first Fireside Chat was to air, there was a crisis. No one could find his leather-bound reading copy. Panic ensued for everyone except FDR, who calmly picked up a smudged, mimeographed copy. After sipping from a glass of water, he read the words perfectly on the air.

就在第一次炉边谈话播出前一刻，还发生了一场危机：那份用皮革包边的朗读稿找不到了。大家都惊慌失措，而罗斯福则没有。他冷静地拿起一份脏兮兮的油印稿，啜饮了一点水之后，开始完美地朗读起来，并同时向全国播出。

The beauty of that first prime-time radio speech was its clarity. FDR walked people through the basics of banking without being patronizing. He outlined the process for deciding which banks to open. \

这次黄金时段的广播演讲其美妙之处在于它的清晰。罗斯福帮助人们了解了银行业的基本原理，而没有任何施恩于人的姿态。对于哪些银行要开业，他大体介绍了其决策过程。“他让每个人都清楚明白——甚至包括银行家在内。”威尔·罗杰斯后来打趣地说道。

In the middle of the speech, Roosevelt said simply, \your money in a reopened bank than under the mattress.\feel shameful, he lifted the shame—offering listeners a way to strike a patriotic blow by simply depositing money into a solvent bank. Those who planned instead to withdraw money were gently thrown in with an unsavory lot. Hoarding, the President said, \become an exceedingly unfashionable pastime.\

在演讲中，罗斯福简单地说道：“我敢向大家保证，把钱存在重新开业的银行里，比放在褥子底下要安全。”他提及了这件让很多人羞愧的事情，旨在帮助人们摆脱羞愧——他告诉人们只要把钱存入有偿付能力的银行，就是一种爱国之举。而打算把钱从银行取走则被温和地指为不明智的行为。总统说，囤积，“已经成为一种极度不流行的消遣行为了。”

Then he returned to themes so popular in his inaugural. \and courage are the essentials in carrying out our plan. Let us unite in banishing fear. We have provided the machinery to restore our financial system. Together we cannot fail.\

然后他又回到在其就职演说中深受欢迎的主题。“在执行计划的过程中，信心和勇气必不可少。让我们联合起来，赶走恐惧。我们已经有了恢复金融体系的机制。只要团结起来，就不会失败的。”

Jim Farley, a top political advisor, wrote that if judged by its impact, this speech may have been the greatest single utterance by an American President. \a wave of spontaneous enthusiasm and cooperation.\was immediate. The next day, Monday, March 13, newspapers reported long lines of Americans anxious to redeposit their money. The New York Stock Exchange, closed for over a week, opened 15 percent higher, the largest one-day surge in more than half a century. Within a week, most of the recently closed banks reopened.

高级政治顾问吉姆·法利认为，如果以影响力作为评价标准，那么这次演讲可被认为是美国总统所做的最伟大的一次演讲了。“没有哪一次谈话能够像它一样激起人们如此强烈的自发热情和合作。”6000万人同时倾听，产生的即时效果是可想而知的。第二天——3月13日——是个周一，报纸报道说美国人排起了长队，急切地要把钱重新存回银行。而关闭了一周多的纽约证券交易所也重新开市了，当天高开了 15%，创造了半个多世纪以来的单日最大涨幅。炉边谈话后的一个星期之内，大多数最近关闭的银行都重新开业了。

Gerald Ford, about 20 at the time, remembered FDR's Fireside Chats as \events—we would all stop and listen.\Ronald Reagan's biographer, Lou Cannon, has written that Reagan's \about how he sat in rapt attention, \the country.\

当时杰拉德·福特只有20岁左右，他回忆说罗斯福总统的炉边谈话是“重要的事情——我们都会停下手头的事情倾听”。罗纳德·里根的传记作家卢·坎农写道，里根的“比喻说话方式得到了罗斯福总统的‘遗传’”。比尔·克林顿也回忆说，他的祖父谈到自己当时听罗斯福的演讲时，会全神贯注，“第二天上班的时候，感觉到这个国家已经发生了变化。

After the first Fireside Chat, FDR relaxed in his office. At 11:30 p.m. he said, \time for beer.\

第一次炉边谈话之后，罗斯福在办公室里稍稍放松了一下。晚上11点半的时候，他说：“该喝点啤酒了。”就在那一天晚上，他开始了加速取消禁酒令的准备工作。

Unit Three

Born to Sell

By Maria Bartiromo

销售天才 袜子致富

Kathy Ireland‘s metamorphosis from supermodel to supermogul started with a pair of socks. It was1993, and the beauty best known for showing off string bikinis in the Sports Illustrated swimsuit issues had just been asked to flaunt foot warmers. Pregnant with her first child, Ireland contemplated her future and concluded that if it was going to involve socks, she would rather sell them than show them off.

Kathy Ireland由一名超级名模到商业巨子的转变始于一双袜子.那时在1993年，这个以在《体育画报》泳装版（Sports Illustrated）展示比基尼出名的性感宝贝被要求展示浴足器。

怀着第一个孩子的Ireland仔细考虑了自己的未来，并决定如果要展示的还有袜子，那她会去卖袜子而不是穿袜子给别人看。

―Modeling was a wonderful experience, but I wanted to build something that wasn‘t fleeting,‖ says Ireland, now 43. ―I knew my days there were numbered, and I wanted to move on to something else. Socks would be a great place to start.‖

Ireland现在43岁，她说：“做模特是一段精彩的经历，但是我想创造一些不会转瞬即逝的东西 。我当时知道生命有限，我想做些别的事情。买袜子是个很棒的开始。”

They were. Kathy Ireland Worldwide, now a $1.4 billion lifestyle design company, recently sold its 100 millionth pair of socks.

那确实是个很棒的开始。 Kathy Ireland Worldwide现在已成为一家资产14亿的生活方式设计公司，刚卖出了它的第一亿双袜子。

But achieving this level of success took determination and hard work, and Ireland has never been afraid to face a challenge. When she was 1, she applied for a paper route in her hometown of Santa Barbara, California. ―My dad showed me the newspaper ad, which said, ?Are you the boy for the job?‘ I wrote to the editor, ?I am not the boy for the job, but I am the girl for the job.‘‖

但是这样的成功意味着决心和苦干，而Ireland 从来就不是一个畏惧挑战的人。11岁时，在家乡加州Santa Barbara，她申请当邮递员：\我爸爸给我看了报纸上的广告，广告上写到‘你是能做这工作的男孩么？‘我给报纸编辑写了封信说’我不是能做这工作的男孩，但我是能做这工作的女孩。”

She started delivering papers on New Year‘s Day, when they were bulging with post-holiday ad circulars and sales supplements. ―I was a scrawny kid. As I approached this one customer, he started yelling, ?This is a boy‘s job! What are you doing here?‘‖

新年第一天，她开始分发报纸，报纸上充斥着节后广告和销售信息。Ireland说：我不是一个很讨人喜欢的小孩。记得当我向一个顾客介绍报纸上的东西时，他对我喊道:这活是男孩干的，你一个女孩来干什么？

Although discouraged, Ireland soon bounced back. ―I needed to prove him wrong.‖ And she did: ―For three years in a row, I was nominated carrier of the year.‖ That drive stood her in good stead through her turn as supermodel and, later, as she was launching her business.

虽然很受打击，但Ireland很快就缓过来。我要证明他是错的。她做到了，她说：在一条街上干了三年后，我被提名为年终最佳邮递员。从她成为超级名模到建立公司，这段经历一直