吉林省吉林市2019届高三一模考试英语试卷（含解析）

细节理解题。在第三段中You should try to put them first看出，当朋友需要帮助时，你应该把朋友的事情放在第一的位置。故答案为A。 【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二 段I often make mistakes．Sometimes I am out of control．But if you can't stay with me at my worst，you are sure not to deserve to be with me at my best．可知如果你不能再朋友最困难的时候帮助他，那你也不配做他的朋友，患难见真情。故选D。 【11题详解】

主旨大意题。文章开篇明义，In order to have friends，you have to be a friend．概述了我们要努力成为一个合格的朋友，下文的内容都是在讲如何成为一个称职的朋友：学会倾听，帮助朋友。故选B。 【点睛】抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心

要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。本题第4小题，文章开篇明义，In order to have friends，you have to be a friend．概述了我们要努力成为一个合格的朋友，下文的内容都是在讲如何成为一个称职的朋友：学会倾听，帮助朋友。故选B。

Even plant can run a fever， especially when they're under attack by insects or disease． But unlike human， plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up． A decade ago， adopting the infrared（红外线） scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites， physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress． The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的） target pesticide（杀虫剂） spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field， which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．

Even better， Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye． Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night， an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops． The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running \． Farmers could then spot﹣spray， using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．

The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984， after only three years． Farmers resisted the new technology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find． But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进） in infrared scanning， Paley hopes to get back into operation． Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works． \technique can

be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，\A& M， who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture， thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade． But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．

12. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ． A. facing an infrared scanner B. sprayed with pesticides C. exposed to extreme sun rays D. in poor physical condition

13. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely， we can use infrared scanning to ． A. draw a color﹣coded map

B. evaluate the damage to the crops C. locate the problem area

D. measure the size of the affected area

14. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．

A. the lack of official support B. its high cost

C. the lack of financial support

D. its failure to help increase production

15. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ． A. full support from agricultural experts

B. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture C. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce D. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on crops 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是植物生病以后温度也会升高，我们可以利用这一点来确定生病植物的具体地点。 【12题详解】

推理题。根据文章第一段第一句Even plant can run a fever， especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．和第二段第二句Mounted on a plane flown at 3， 000 feet at night， an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted （排放，散发，发出） bycrops．可知植物在发烧的时候，会散发出比平时更多的热量。故选D。 【13题详解】

推理题。根据文章第二段第三句The data were transtormed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants wererunningfevers．可知人们可以使用红外线扫描来确定哪里的植物发烧了，也就是说确定问题区域。故选C。

【14题详解】

推理题。根据文章最后一句But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago，可知第一次Paley失败主要是因为他没有获得足够的资金支持。故选C。 【15题详解】

推理题。根据文章最后一段第三句But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce，and refinements（改良，改进） in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation．可知人们现在担心粮食上农药的使用量过高，要减少农药使用，就需要Paley的方法。故选D。

【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第2小题，根据文章第二段第三句The data were transtormed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants wererunningfevers．可知人们可以使用红外线扫描来确定哪里的植物发烧了，也就是说确定问题区域。故选C。

第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．

How to stay focused in class

Being relaxed during class is a bad habit， and it is also bad to your grade． Focusing in class not only proves to teachers that you are a capable student but also shows that you have the ability to control yourself， which will be very important．

___16___ No matter how much you want to sit with your friends during the class， try your best to avoid them． Talking with friends around you is not going to give you the focus in class． This will get you into trouble．

Look at teacher and make eye contact． Your teacher is not just standing up there talking．___17___ Show the teacher that he or she has your full attention by looking them in the eye． This person

should have your full attention at all times during class．

Take notes． By taking notes， you'll be able to \into\the lesson． Write down key points as your teacher speaks． And listen to the key phrases such as \main idea\．___18___

Get involved in class discussions． This is a wonderful way to become a more focused， successful student． When a teacher asks a question， offer to answer it．___19___This shows the teacher that you are listening carefully during the class．

Ask a question．___20___This really shows your teacher that you want to be better， and can recognize the things you are having difficulty with． Chances are that someone else in the class has the same question （and was too afraid to ask!）． They'll be relieved， and so will you． A． Avoid sitting with friends．

B． This can help you listen more attentively． C． If he or she ask for an opinion， share your own． D． Talking with friends makes you lose interest in class． E． He or she is trying to give you an acceptable education． F． The more quickly you answer， the more attention you pay． G． If you don't understand something， never be afraid to ask． 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. G 【解析】

这是一篇说明文，简要列举了几条如何在课堂上保持注意力集中的建议。 【16题详解】

考查上下文推理能力。设空处为本段的主题句。从内容上看，本段主要讲课堂上尽量不要与朋友坐在一起，因为与周围的朋友交谈会分散注意力。故选A项。 【17题详解】

考查上下文推理能力。设空处顺接上文，进一步说明课堂上老师不仅仅是在讲话，他们其实是在努力让自己的教育得到学生的接受，E项符合语境。 【18题详解】

考查上下文推理能力。设空处上文讲课堂上要记笔记，记下老师所讲的重点，B项总结上文，说明这样做的好处，即有利于更专心地听讲。