2014届高考英语一轮复习方案（新课标）：阶段评估检测(5)（附详细解析） Word版含答案

The figures suggest that we could even be heading for a mini ice age as serious as the 70-year temperature drop that saw frost fairs held on the Thames in the 17th century.

Based on readings from more than 30，000 measuring stations, the date was issued last week by the Met Office (气象部). It confirms that the rising trend in world temperatures ended in 1997.

Meanwhile, leading climate scientists yesterday told The Mail on Sunday that, after giving off unusually high levels of energy throughout the 20th century, the sun is now heading towards a “grand minimum” in its output, threatening cold summers, bitter winters and a shortening of the season available for growing food.

Solar output goes through 11-year cycles, with high numbers of sunspots (黑子) seen at their peak.

We are now at what should be the peak of what scientists call “Cycle 24”—which is why last week's solar storm resulted in sightings of the Aurora Borealis (北极光) further south than usual. But sunspot numbers are running at less than half those seen during cycle peaks in the 20th century.

Analysis by experts at NASA and the University of Arizona—obtained from magnetic-field

measurements 120，000 miles beneath the sun's surface—suggests that “Cycle 25”， whose peak is due in 2022, will be a great deal weaker still.

According to a paper issued last week by the Met Office, there is a 92 percent chance that both “Cycle 25” and those taking place in the following decades will be as weak as, or weaker than, the “Dalton minimum” of 1790 to 1830. In this period, named after the meteorologist (气象学者) Joh Dalton, average temperatures in parts of Europe fell by 2℃.

However, it is also possible that the new solar energy decline could be as deep as the “Maunder minimum” (named after astronomer Edward Maunder), between 1645 and 1715 in the coldest part of the “Little Ice Age” when, as well as the Thames frost fairs, the canals of Holland froze solid.

44．What may result from the change of solar output? a．Summer becomes even hotter. b．Winter becomes even colder. c．People lack food to eat.

d．Average temperature decreases.

A．a, b, c B．a, b, d C．b, c, d D．a, c, d

45．Which year might have the highest average temperature according to the passage? A．The year 1698. B．The year 1813. C．The year 1997. D．The year 2022.

46．The author writes the passage to ________． A．appeal to people to study meteorology B．introduce a study on global temperature C．call for further confirmation of the study D．tell people to produce more carbon dioxide

D

Bringing up children is hard work, and you are often to blame for any bad behavior of your children. If so，Judith Rich Harris has good news for you. Parents, she argues, have no important long-term effect on the development of the personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood. Ms Harris takes to hitting the assumption, which has dominated (支配) developmental psychology for almost half a century.

Ms Harris's attack on the developmentalists' “nature” argument looks likely to reinforce(加

强) doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter，why is it that two adopted children，brought up in the same home，are no more similar in personality than two adopted children brought up in separate homes？Or that a pair of identical twins，brought up in the same home，are no more alike than a pair of identical twins brought up in different homes?

Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing，it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer (同龄人) group in childhood and adolescence. Ms Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill，rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for. Certainly it is different from growing up tense or relaxed，or from learning to be honest or hardworking or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little influence on those qualities，it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more.

Moreover，mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely. Young adults may，as Ms Harris argues，be keen to appear like their peers. But even in those early years，parents have the power to open doors：they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate，and pick that influential neighborhood. Moreover，most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age，and that people's child bearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably complicated，as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection，discipline and good example，parents are not completely off the hook.

47．According to Ms Harris, ________．

A．parents are to blame for any bad behavior of their children

B．children's personality is shaped mostly by their friends and neighbors

C．nature rather than upbringing has a significant effect on children's personality development D．parents will greatly affect the children's life in the long run

48．The word “ditched”(Line 1，Paragraph 4)could best be replaced by________． A．proved B．emphasized C．compared D．ignored 49．The developmental psychologists think________． A．children are more influenced by their peers

B．identical twins raised in the same home are different in personality C．twins raised in two separate families are different in personality

D．upbringing has a less significant effect on children's personality development 50．What does the author mean by saying “parents are not completely off the hook” at the end of the passage?

A．Parents should control the situation.

B．Parents should give their way to children. C．Parents should spend more time on children. D．Parents should take on their responsibility. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it, then life is no longer difficult. Most do not fully see this truth. __51__ It seems to them that their difficulties represent a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even

their nation.

__52__ Problems, depending on their nature, cause us sadness or loneliness or regret or anger or fear. These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy. __53__ __54__ When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. __55__ As Benjamin Franklin said, “Those things that hurt, instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.

A．Problems are the serious test that tells success from failure.

B．Life is not a trap set for us by God so that he can condemn (责难) us for failing. C．It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn. D．Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning.

E．Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy.

F．We can register to make money and participate in problem solving collaboration (合作，协作) groups.

G．What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one.

第Ⅱ卷

第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 情景作文(20分)

下面4幅图描述的是高三学生Tom和Mike的一次经历，请你根据图画内容和文字提示写一篇不少于60词的短文。注意适当发表个人观点。

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 开放作文(15分)

请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。

In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________