2010同等学力英语真题

B. sentence C. trial D. debate

26. In English learning , a __________ cycle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded.

A. vertical B. vicious C. vivid D. vigorous

27. Isn’t it _________ when you learn something you’ve never known before? A. cool B. crazy C. cold D. cute .

28.There are several factors _________the rapid growth of slaes promotion,particularly in consumer markets.

A.resorting to B.appealing to C.applying to D.contributing to

29.The Internet has been developing at a speed ________ people's expectations in the past two decades. A.over B.of

C.under D.beyond

30.It is obvious that the sports games are no longer amateur affairs;the have become professionally________. A.laid off B.laid out C.put off D.put out

Part III Reading Comprehension(45 minutes,30points,1for each)

Directions:There are 5 passages in this part .Each passage is followed by6 questions or unfinished

statements.For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best one and

mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. Passage One

Loneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems.Now,a study says it canalso spread.A friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness.And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the same.

Earlier findings showed that happiness.fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow like infections within social groups.The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham,Massachusetts.

The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease.Since then,more tests have been added,including measures of loneliness and depression.

The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study.The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness.The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.

For example,loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors.The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time

together.The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.

Researchers from the University of Chicago.Harvard and the University of

California,San Diego,did the study.The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year.The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days.But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%,or two and a half days.

Lonely people become less and less trusting of others.This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends---and likely that society will reject them. John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study.He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness.He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.

The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a \loneliness.This barrier,he says,can keep the whole network from coming apart. 31.Besides loneliness,which of the following can also spread among people? A. Friendship B.Happiness C.Depression D.Smoking

32.The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948_________. A.expanded its research topies

B.involved 5,000 patients of depression

C.identified loneliness as one key factor for heart disease

D.examined the relationship between loneliness and depression 33.Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness? A.It leads to a gradual loss of friends.

B.It is a common phenomenon among women. C.It is often found in the neighborhood.

D.It ruins the relationships between close friends. 34.Having a lonely friend,you are more likely to ________. A.strengthen your friendship B.develop new friendship

C.Increase the sense of loneliness D.reduce the sense of loneliness

35.According to John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago,loneliness can_______. A.result in aggressiveness

B.Cause people to be overprotective C.Infect social networks

D.Push people to the verge of poverty 36.What is the main idea of the passage? A.Loneliness can spread.

B.Loneliness is linked to depression. C.Lonely people tend to grow fat. D.Lonely people need more friends. Passage Two

California has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative.\

with high school math and science,we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state-approved list of digital textbooks.\Schwarzenegger in June.talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online.He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense.

California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles.Digital ones can offer the latest information.They lighten the load of school bags.They save paper and tress,and make learning more fun and interactive.And above all,he said they help schools with their finances.

The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems.More than six million students attend California public schools.

Earlier this year,California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools.These had to meet at least 90% of the state's learning requirements.Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.

Six of the ten were published by the CK12 Foundation,a nonprofit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years.The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them.The money came from a group financed by the Khosla Family.

California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks.Individual school districts will have to decide for themselves.

Susan Martimo,a California Department of Education official,says she does not expect widespread use right away.He best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them,but only in addition to their traditional books.

School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them . Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies, but that would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively. 37. The Digital Textbook Initiative

A. will probably take effect in six years B. covers all the high school subjects C. has been approved by all states

D. is advocated by California state governor

38. The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to A. help save money

B. benefit the environment

C. provide interesting materials

D. reduce students’ heavy burden

39. The digital textbooks were approved by A. trained teachers B. content developers C. Khosla Family D. Ck12 Foundation

40. What is true of CK12Foundation ? A. It produced 16 digital textbooks .

B. It paid teachers to write digital textbooks. C. It is financed by California state government.

D. It makes money through developing digital textbooks. 41. According to Susan Martimo, digital textbooks. A. are not likely to have a widespread use B. will soon replace traditional ones

C. will first be adopted by well-equipped schools D. are certain to be approved by school districts 42. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that A. schools are reluctant to print out copies B. the use of digital textbooks is not really free C. students need to pay for computers

D. training teachers to use the textbooks is not efficient Passage Three

Doctors in Britain are warning of an obesity time bomb , when children who are

already overweight grow up . So , what should we do ? Exercise more? Eat less? Or both? The government feels it has to take responsibility for this expanding problem.

The cheerful Mr Pickwick , the hero of the novel by Charles Dickens , is seen in

illustrations as someone who is plump(胖乎乎的)---and happy . In 18th century paintings beauty is equated with rounded bodies and soft curves. But nowadays being overweight is seen as indicating neither a cheerful character nor beauty but an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.

So what do you do ? Diet? Not according to England’s chief medical officer, Sir Liam Donaldson. He says that physical activity is the key for reducing the risks of obesity cancer and heart disease. And the Health Secretary John Reid ever said that being inactive is as serious a risk factor in heart disease as smoking.

So, having bought some cross trainers , how much exercise should you

do ?According to Sir Liam Donaldson, at least 30 minutes of moderate activity five days a week. Is going to the gym the answer? Luckily for those who find treadmills( 跑步机)tedious , the Health Development Agency believes that physical activity that fits into people’s live may be more effective . They suggest taking the stairs rather than the lift. walking up escalators, playing active games with your children, dancing or gardening . And according to a sports psychologist , Professor Biddle , gyms ‘ are not making the nation fit’, and may even cause harm .

There’s new scientific evidence that too much exercise may actually be bad for you. Scientists at the University of Ulster have found that unaccustomed exercise releases dangerous free radicals that can adversely affect normal function in unfit people . The only people who should push their bodies to that level of exercise on a regular basis are trained athletes.

So, should we forget about gyms and follow some experts’ advice to increase exercise in our daily life? After all , getting off the bus a stop early and walking the rest of the way can’t do any harm! One final thought . How come past generations lacked gym facilities but were leaner and fitter than people today? 43. This passage is mainly about