车辆工程毕业设计123客车鼓式制动系统

摘 要

目前，随着汽车行业的日益兴旺，对汽车零件的要求也越来越高，制动系执行机构-制动器的设计缺陷导致汽车制动系统的忽视进而使汽车交通事故现象越来越严重。因此正确的制动器设计应该被准确深入研究。

本文对应用在豪华客车上的气压制动器的设计，对制动系的参数选择进行详细的分析，并且估算了应用该豪华客车的制动器的参数及结构形式，同时对制动器的制动主要部件制动蹄片进行了受力分析，并且分析在驻车情况下车的受力及坡角。

豪华客车上的气压凸轮制动器对汽车安全性能的提高起到重要作用，这也为以后的研究设计提供了必备的参数。

关键词：客车；制动器；参数；分析；结构。

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Abstract

At present, as the auto industry's increasingly prosperous auto parts are

also getting higher and higher requirements, implementation of the braking system - brake design flaw led to the neglect of the vehicle braking system so that the phenomenon of more and more serious car accident. Therefore, the correct brake designed to be accurate and in-depth study.

Application of this article in the luxury passenger car brake pressure on the design parameters of the braking system of choice for detailed analysis and estimates the application of the luxury passenger car brakes in the form and structure of the parameters, at the same time the brakes on the brake of the main brake parts Carried out a shoe analysis, and analysis of the situation in the car and get off in the force and slope angle.

The luxury bus cam brake pressure on the improvement of vehicle safety performance has played an important role in this for the future research and design to provide the necessary parameters.

Key words: passenger cars; brakes; parameters; analysis; structure.

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目 录

摘 要 ................................................................................................................................... I Abstract .............................................................................................................................II

第1章 绪 论 ....................................................................................................................... 1

1.1汽车制动系概述 ..................................................................................... 1 1.2汽车制动器的工作原理 ......................................................................... 3 1.3设计的目的和意义 ................................................................................. 4

第2章 制动器结构简介 ..................................................................................................... 5

2.1鼓式制动器 ............................................................................................. 5 2.2 盘式制动器 ............................................................................................ 6

2.2.1 定钳盘式制动器 .......................................................................... 7 2.2.2 浮钳盘式制动器 .......................................................................... 9 2.2.3 全盘式制动器 .............................................................................. 9

第3章制动系的主要参数及其选择 .................................................................................. 11

3.1 制动力与制动力分配系数 ................................................................ 11

3.2 同步附着系数 .................................................................................... 15 3.3制动强度和附着系数利用率 ............................................................... 16 3.4 制动器最大制动力矩 ........................................................................ 17 3.5 制动器因数 .......................................................................................... 19

第4章 制动器的结构参数与摩擦系数 ............................................................................ 22

4.1制动鼓直径或半径 ............................................................................... 22

4.2摩擦衬片起始角 ................................................................................... 22 4.3张开力的作用线至制动器中心的距离 ............................................... 23 4.4制动蹄支销中心的坐标位置 ............................................................... 23 4.5摩擦片摩擦系数及摩擦材料 ............................................................... 23 4.6制动器间隙 ........................................................................................... 24

第5章 制动蹄摩擦面的压力分布规律 ............................................................................ 25 第6章 制动蹄片上的制动力矩 ........................................................................................ 27 第7章 驻车计算 ............................................................................................................... 28 第8章 摩擦衬块:的磨损特性计算 ................................................................................ 29 第9章 制动器主要零部件的结构设计 .......................................................................... 30

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9.1 制动鼓 .................................................................................................. 30 9.2 制动蹄 .................................................................................................. 30 9.3 制动底板 .............................................................................................. 31 9.4 制动蹄的支承 ...................................................................................... 31 9.5 凸轮式张开机构 .................................................................................. 31 9.6 摩擦材料 .............................................................................................. 31 9.7 制动间隙调整方法及相应机构 .......................................................... 32 9.8 制动器主要零部件的强度计算 .......................................................... 33

9.8.1 制动凸轮轴的计算 .................................................................... 33

9.8.2 紧固摩擦片铆钉的剪切应力计算 ............................................ 33

第10章 制动驱动机构选择与设计计算 .......................................................................... 34

10.1 制动驱动机构的结构型式选择 ........................................................ 34

10.2 制动管路的多回路系统 .................................................................... 34 10.3 气压制动驱动机构的设计计算 ........................................................ 34

10.3.1 制动气室 .................................................................................. 34 10.3.2 储气罐 ...................................................................................... 35

结 论 ................................................................................................................................. 36 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................. 38

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