(30份英语试卷合集)毕节地区2018年高二上学期期末英语30套试卷合集word文档可编辑

高二英语上学期期末考试试题 （不含听力）

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 (共15题：每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

There has been a dramatic increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years, and it is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. Some of the world’s leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves.

London

London’s flood defenses are getting older. Since 1982, the Thames Barrier（水闸）has protected the city from the threat of flooding, but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years. About 21 years later the barrier now closes five or six times a year and according to Environment Agency predictions, by 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every tide if the problem is not addressed. There are 26 underground stations, 400 schools, 16 hospitals, an airport and 80 billion worth of property in London’s flood risk area, so large scale flooding would be disastrous.

Paris

Over a six-week period in July and August 2008, more than 11,400—mainly elderly people—died in France from dehydration(脱水) and extremely high body temperature in a deadly heat wave. Heat waves of similar intensity(强度) are expected every seven years by 2050, so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again?

One solution is to have air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes. But this is considered a short-term solution, as the increase in demand for electricity also increases carbon emissions. In Paris the local authorities are encouraging architects to design new types of buildings such as the building “Flower Tower”, which uses a covering of bamboo to act as a natural air-conditioner.

Shanghai

Shanghai is the fastest growing city on the earth. It has a population of 18 million and is only 4 meters above sea level. Sea levels are predicted to rise by 20cm within the next century.

An estimated 250,000 people move to Shanghai every year in search of work, placing extra demands on energy consumption(消耗). China relies heavily on coal-fired power stations, but these emissions increase temperatures and in turn, warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons. 1. What problem should be settled now in London? A. How to protect the city’s property.

B. Where to build its flood defenses.

C. How to use the Thames Barrier to protect the city.

D. How to improve the function of the old flood defenses.

2. Which of the following measures can’t solve the heat wave disaster in Paris? A. Putting up new types of buildings with a covering of bamboo. B. Having air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes. C. Forbidding the city to build “Flower Tower”.

D. Encouraging architects to design new types of buildings. 3. The major threats to Shanghai are_______.

A. increasing population and coal-fired power stations B. rising sea levels and typhoons

C. extremely high temperature and rising sea levels D. extra demands on energy consumption and typhoons

B

Why are some people sharp at 95 years old, while others begin struggling with mental clearness in their 50s? A lot of it has to do with genetics, but certain lifestyle factors also play an important role in how our brain ages. So while you can’t control your genes, you can avoid these four big brain mistakes.

Foods high in sugar, unhealthy fats and processed foods—i.e., the typical American diet—can damage your brain over time. Studies have shown that extra sugar consumption can affect learning and memory, and increase your chance of suffering from neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s. A Mediterranean-based diet, on the other hand, can help protect the brain from signs of aging. Following this type of diet—which includes a lot of fish, healthy fats, whole grains and vegetables—could reduce Alzheimer’s risk by up to 50 percent.

Living in a smoggy city might be bad news for your brain. The researchers found that people who lived closer to a major highway had greater markers of pollution in their lungs and blood, which increased their risk for a form of brain damage known as “silent strokes”. Increased pollution volume was also linked to decreased brain volume—a major sign of aging.

There are a number of scary health effects associated with sleep deprivation(剥夺), from a higher risk of stroke and diabetes to damaged cognitive(认知的) functioning. Over the years, losing shut-eye can also speed up brain aging. Researchers found that the less that older adults slept, the faster their brains aged.

Use it or lose it! If you want to keep your brain sharp, keep it engaged. It doesn’t have to be a challenging intellectual task or a brain-training game, either—simply engaging in everyday activities like reading, cooking or having a conversation can make a difference.

The bottom line? Doing novel things promotes neurogenesis(神经形成), the creation of new neurons in the brain. So get outside, learn, discover and try something you have never done to keep your brain sharp through the decades.

4. What is the feature of the typical American diet? A. Rich sugar.

B. Low fats.

C. Plentiful fiber.

D. Rich grains.

5. According to the passage, which of the following is a major sign of aging? A. The brain becoming larger. B. The body gaining weight. C. The brain becoming smaller.

D. The sleep getting less.

6. What should the old do to prevent the brain from aging? A. Keep from being busy.

B. Live in a modern city. D. Avoid staying up late.

C. Stay away from any fats.

7. Which of the following can contribute to neurogenesis? A. Doing something risky. C. Doing something funny.

C

Jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. He has a good heart, but always feared applying for a new job.

One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview. His appointment was at 10 a. m. and it was already 8:30. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was something wrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service. Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. It’s the least I could do. Please, I insist.” Jimmy agreed.

Upon arrival, Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed. Jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt. One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with disappointed looks on their faces. Finally his name was called. The interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window. Rocking the chair back and forth, he asked, “Do you really need to be interviewed?” Jimmy’s heart sank. “With the

B. Doing something new. D. Doing something dull.

way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview?” He thought to himself.

Then the interviewer turned the chair and to Jimmy’s surprise, it was the old man he helped earlier in the morning. It turned out he was the General Manager of the company.

“Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into this office. I just know you’d be a trustworthy worker. Congratulations!” Jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of well-deserved coffee as he landed himself a new job.

8. Why did Jimmy apply for a new job?

A. He was out of work. B. He was bored with his job. C. He wanted a higher position. D. he hoped to find a better boss. 9. What did Jimmy see on the way to the interview? A. A friend’s car had a flat tyre. B. A wild man was pushing a car. C. An old man’s car broke down. D. A terrible car accident happened. 10. Why did the old man offer Jimmy a ride? A. He was also to be interviewed. B. He needed a traveling companion. C. He always helped people in need. D. He was thankful to Jimmy .

11. How did Jimmy feel on hearing the interviewer’s question? A. He was sorry for the other applicants. B. There was no hope for him to get the job. C. He regretted helping the old man. D. The interviewer was very rude.

D

Mark Twain once said, “There is no such thing as a new idea. It is impossible. We simply take a lot of old ideas and put them into a sort of mental kaleidoscope(万花筒). We give them a turn and they make new and curious combinations, but they are the same old pieces of colored glass that have been in use through all the ages.”

As with most things, Twain was absolutely right. Even a lot of “modern technologies” are really just updated versions of older creations. Here is one example: Mobile phone.