高考英语二轮复习 专题十二 状语从句课堂训练

I won't go to the party unless I am invited. ＝I won't go to the party if I am not invited. Once you have promised, you should carry it out. As long as you don't lose heart, you'll succeed in time. I will lend you the money on condition that you repay it to me. Suppose we don't get the teacher's approval, what should we do then？ So far as I know, there is no such person in our school. 注意：主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时或现在完成时 I started early so that/in order that I would arrive there in time. He is working hard for fear that he should fall behind others. They took an umbrella in case /lest it should rain. 注意：(1) so that和in order that后常接may, might, can, could, will, would should等情态动词。so that－clause不可放句首 (2) for fear that－clause ＝ in order that－clause的否定 I was so sleepy that I could hardly keep my eyes open. He is such a kind boy that everybody who knows him likes him. He did well in the exam that the teacher praised him in front of the class. 注意：结果状语从句用一般过去时表结果，这是与目的状语从句的重要区别，目的状语从句中的谓语动词常用的是can, could, might, may等加动词原形 It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing. The result was not as/so good as I had expected. The harder you work, the greater process you'll make. 注意：the more..., the more句型中前分句相当于条件状语从句，后分句相当于表结果的主句 - 5 -

条件状语 (1) if, unless ＝ if...not, except when (2) once, in case (3) as/so long as ＝ on condition that－clause (4) provided/providing that－clause ＝suppose/supposing that－clause (5) as/so far as(至于，就……而言) 目的状语 (1) so (that), in order that (2) for fear (that)＝in case (that)＝lest(唯恐，以免) 结果状语 (1) so...that (2) such...that (3) so that (4) that 比较状语 (1) than (2) as...as, not so/as...as (3) the more...the more

方式状语 (1) as if, as though (2) (just)as (3) as..., (so) ... (4) the way(以……的方式) Do in Rome as the Romans do. Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. They ignore these facts as if(＝as though) they never existed. The word isn 't spelled the same way it is pronounced. 注意：as if 和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，有时也用陈述语气 Young as/though he is, he knows a lot. no matter what /which /who / whose /when / where/how 让步状语 We won't be discouraged even if(＝even though) we fail ten times. It was an exciting game, though/although (1) though, although, as no goals were scored. (2) even if, even though Whether (he is ) sick or well, he is always (3) whether... or...(无论……还是……) cheerful. (4) while(放主句前) While it brings convenience to our (5) what/which/who/whose/ communication, the Internet may affect our where/how/when－ever life. Whenever/ No matter when you call on me, you are welcome. 注意：引导让步状语从句的连词不可与but连用，但可与副词still, yet, nevertheless连用 要点储备二：几组从属连词需区别对待 组别辨析 When (1) 意为“当……时”，引导的从句中的谓语动词既可为持续性动词，也可为短暂性动词 (2) 表示从句的动作在主句的动作之前或之后发生时，多用when (3) 含有“and at that moment”的意思，引起的句子不能放在句首 (4) 表原因，意为“既然”，所引导的从句放主句后 while (1) 引导的从句中动词一般是延续性的 (2) 意为“虽然，尽管”，一般放主句前 (3) 意为“趁着……” (4) 表对比，放句中 as 例句 Strike while the iron is hot. While I am washing the floor, you can be cleaning the windows. When/As I came home, I met an old schoolmate of mine. He looked behind from time to time as he went. As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer. I thought of it just as you opened your mouth. She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in fact, I was talking about my daughter. While I understand you, I can't agree to your plan. Why should you stay in such a small house when you have a bigger one？ - 6 -

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(1) 意为“当……时”，引导的从句中的谓语动词既可为持续性动词，也可为短暂性动词，同when经常可以互换 (2) 主从句要表示一个人的两个动作交替进行或同时完成时，可译为“一边……，一边……” (3) 表“时日推移”，译为“随着” (4) 表两个短促动作几乎同时发生 He was about to go out when the telephone rang. Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. adj./adv.??so ＋?adj.＋a（n）＋n.（单数）＋??many/much/few/little＋n.that–clause 2 adj.＋n.（复数） / 不可数名词??such＋?a（n）＋adj.＋n.＋that －clause ??a lot of/lots of＋n.★one/no/any/many/all/much/several/...＋such＋n. He made such rapid progress that we all admired him. He made so much progress that we all admired him. He made such a rapid advance that we all admired him. He made so rapid an advance that we all admired him. He made so many achievements that we all admired him. He made such lots of achievements that we all admired him. He made many such achievements that we all admired him. 区别：He is such a great poet that we all admire him. He is such a great poet as we all admire. I didn't finish reading the book until Mum came back. I can't finish the work unless you help me. They will make the firecrackers as long as there is a market. As/So far as I'm concerned, I agree with her idea. We began to read as soon as the bell rang. 3 unless 强调条件 until 强调时间 4 as/so long as(只要……就) as soon as(一……就) as/so far as...(就……而言，依……范围) 5 Child as /though he is, he knows a lot. Try as /though he might, he still failed. as在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式：Hard as /though he tried, he still didn't do n./adj./adv./v.＋as＋主语＋谓语， ＋主句well in it. though从句用正常语序或倒装形式均可；Well equipped with modern equipment as it though还可以用作副词，放在句末；was, the lab didn't satisfy its future owner. though 引导的让步状语从句中的主语与It was hard work; I enjoyed it, though.＝ It 主句主语一致时，可用省略结构 was hard work, but I enjoyed it. although 只能用正常语序， 较正式 Though growing up in the country, he prefers while引导让步状语从句时，放主句前 the life in the city. Though brought up in the country, he prefers - 7 -

the life in the city. He decided to go, although I begged him not to. While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved. 要点储备三：牢记常用句型，有备无患 when常见句型： (1) When it comes to...(当谈到……的话题时) (2) 主语1＋?was / were about to do sth.?1 When it comes to his daughter, he becomes talkative. ???was/were going to do sth.?＋when He was leaving / was about to leave / was on the ?point of leaving when the telephone rang. ?was / were on the point of doing sth.??We were watching TV when suddenly the lights 主语2＋did(正要去做某事，这时突然……) (3) 主语1 ＋ was / were doing sth. ＋ when went out. They had just / hardly come back when it began to 主语2 ＋did(正在做某事，这时突然……) (4) 主语1 ＋ had (hardly / just) done sth. ＋ rain. when 主语2 ＋did(刚做完某事，这时突然……) The moment I got home, it began to rain. “一……就……”的句型(有时也用once表示) (1) the moment / instant / minute / second /... (2) immediately / directly/ instantly /... (3) hardly / scarcely...when... (4) no sooner...than... (5) as soon as... ＝ I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. ＝ I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. ＝Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. ＝No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 2 3 4 时间状语从句与强调句型： It will be st. before S do(es) sth. 多久后某人会… It was st. before S did sth. 多久后才；不久就…(否定句中) S1 had done sth. (did sth.) before S2 could do sth. / had time to do sth. 还没来得及… 就… It is / has been st. since S did sth. 自从…有多久 It was 点时 when S did sth. 某人做某事时是… It was at + 点时 that S did sth. 某人是在某时做了某事 The first time I saw him, he was reading a novel. It was not long before I forgot it all. It lasted four hours before the fire was controlled. He ran off before I could stop him. He would die before he gave in. ＝ He would die rather than give in. Put the glass away before it gets broken. It's 3 years since he joined the army. It was almost 8 o'clock when he came home. It was at 8 o'clock that he came home. - 8 -