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⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后 ⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化:well-better, far-farther) ☆表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型:
主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +…. 如: Lily ran as slow as an old woman.(莉莉跑得像老太太一样慢)
They picked as many apples as the farmers.(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多) ☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型:
主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物+….
如: Lily did not run as slow as an old woman. (莉莉跑得不像老太太那样慢) They didn’t pick as many apples as the farmers. (他们摘的苹果不如农民多)
形容词和副词专项练习
一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级
old____________ young____________ tall___________ long____________ short____________ strong____________ big____________ small___________ fat_____________ thin______________ heavy__________ light___________ nice_____________ good_____________ beautiful______________________ low______________ high_____________ slow___________ fast_____________ late______________ early_____________ far___ __________ well_________ 二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式:
1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me. 2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is. 4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is. 6. Mary's hair is as __________(long) as Lucy's.
7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____. 9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she).. 11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig? 12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.
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14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
15.The child doesn't______(write) as ____(fast) as the students. 三、翻译句子:
1、谁比Jim年纪大?是你。
________ is _________than Jim? ________ are 2、谁比David更强壮?是Gao Shan.
________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________. 3、谁的铅笔更长,他的还是她的?我想是她的。
_________ pencil is _________,______or________?________is,I think. 4、谁的苹果更重,你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的? 我的弟弟的。 _________ apples ________ ________,your _______ or your _______? My ____________ ___________. 5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗?是的。
_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I am. 6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。
He _______ as __________ as ________ ________ Jim. 7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗?不,她比他瘦。
________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______? No, _________ _________ than him. 8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。
Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day. 9.我跳得和Mike一样远。
I _________ as _______ as Mike.
10.Tom比你跑得快吗?不是的,他和我跑得一样快。
____ Tom _____ _____ than you?No,he _______. He_____ as_____ as_____. 11.多做运动,你会更强壮。
________ more exercise,you'll ________ _________ soon. 12.我的科学很好,但是语文不好。
I ______ ________ at Science.But I don't _________ well in Chinese. 13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗?不,我比他放得低。
____you_______the kite_____than Wang bing?No,I______it _____than___. 14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。
I like_______.All my______ _______ _______than me. 15.我的姐姐起得比我早。
My_____ _____ up _____than me. 16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗?是的。
____the girls______ ______ ______the boys? Yes,they ____. 17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。
She doesn't ____ _____ in PE. But I don't ______ _____than_____.
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18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗?不,他们踢得和我一样好。
___ you ____football _____than your classmates?No,they____as____as me. 19.我母亲比我父亲年纪小。
My_____ _____ ______than my ______. 20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。
_____sweater_____ as_______as_____.
21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。
My dress_____ too_____. I want to _____a______one. 22. I'm taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较) I'm _________ as ________ as Mike .
小升初语法介词
1、介词的主要用法:
介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如:out of(从…中出来), away from(距离…), next to(在…隔壁), in front of(在…前方)等。
2、介词的分类表: (见下表)
地点(位置、范围)介词: after在…后面, at在…处, before在...前, behind在...后, beside在...旁边, between在...之间, from来自..., in在...里面, near靠近..., on在...上面, outside在....外面, under在...下方, in front of在...前, in the middle of在...的中间, at the back of在...的后部,等等。
方向(目标趋向)介词: along沿着..., around绕着..., at朝着..., down向…下, for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入..., near接近..., off脱离/除..., out of向...外, outside向....外, to向/朝..., up向...上, away from远离... 时间介词:about大约..., after在…以后, at在… (时刻), before在…以前, for有…(之久), from从…(时)起, in在(上/下午); on在(某日), past过了…(时), to到(下一时刻), 方式介词:as作为/当作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言), like与…一样, on骑(车)/徒(步), with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼),
涉及介词: about关于..., in在…(方面), of…的,有关..., to对…而言, with就…而言 其它介词:
【目的介词】 for为了..., to为了…
【比较介词】 as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比少,
【伴随/状态介词】 at在(上班/休息/上学/家,etc.),in穿着…(衣服/颜色), on在(值日),
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with与…一起,有/带着/长着... 3、介词短语的句法作用:
介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。如:The man came
介词短语做状语时,如果表示时间/地点,可以放在句首或句尾,如果表示方向/方式/伴随/涉及/原因/目的/比较,一般放在句尾; 介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后;介词短语作定语时,只能放在被修饰的名词之后。如:He wanted to find a good job in Shanghai the next year.(状语)(他想来年在上海找份好工作)/ They searched the room for the thief.(他们在房间里搜索小偷) / The letters are for you.(表语)(信是给你的)/ Have you seen a cat with a black head and four white legs?(定语)(你看见一只黑头白腿的猫了吗?) 5、重要注释:
⑴ this / that / these / those / last / next / a / every / each等词构成的时间短语,前面不用任何介词。如:Every year travellers from abroad come to visit Pingyao.(每年都有国外的游客来游览平窑镇)/ He had a bad cold that week.(那个星期他患重感冒)
⑵ 记住一些固定词组: on foot(步行), at night(在晚上), play with(玩耍……),look out of(朝…外面看), with one’s help(在…的帮助下),look after(照料…),look for(寻找…),on a bike(=by bike)骑车, help sb. with(帮某人做…)等等。 6、某些介词的用法辨析:
⑴ 时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别:表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间; 表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如:He was born on the morning of May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/ I usually get up at 7:00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床) / His glasses are right on his nose.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)/ He is at the cinema at the moment.(此刻他正在电影院) ⑵ after与in表示时间的用法区别:“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般时态;“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如:He said that he would be here after 6:00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)/ My father is coming back from England in about a month.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来)
⑶ by、in与with表示方式的用法区别:都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”, in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如:We see with our eyes and walk with our feet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路)/ Please write that article(文章) in English.(请你用英语写那篇文章)/ Let’s go to the zoo by taxi.(我们打的去动物园吧。)/ It was written by Lao She.(那是老舍写的)
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