现在分词与过去分词的用法

现在分词与过去分词的用法

（三）确定分词的使用的具体步骤

（1）根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分

（2）找准逻辑主语

（3）判断主、被动关系

（4）选定现在或过去分词

1. There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.

A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed

简析：根据语法分析可知，待选部分是修饰 noise 的定语短语；据常识“xx随闪电之后到来”，自然A noise follows the sudden burst of light , noise与follow是主动关系。因此，该题应选B。

现在分词与过去分词的用法

2. The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912.

A. first playing B. to be first played

C. first played D. to be playing

简析：根据语法分析可知，待选部分是一个作定语、修饰 The Olympic Games 的后置分词短语；The Olympic Games是动词 play 的承受者，且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。因此，该题选C。

3. What’s the language ____ in ?

A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak

简析：该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句 which is spoken

现在分词与过去分词的用法

4. Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists.

A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting

简析：该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句 who were invited

5. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written

简析：该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句which were written

（四）分词作表语

现在分词与过去分词的用法

共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。

不同点：分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。

1. The news sounds ____.

A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage

简析：根据语法分析可知， sounds 在此句中用作xx系动词, 待选部分应作表语 ；The news 对于动词 encourage 来说应是主动关系，即消息鼓舞人心。因此，该题应选A。

2. —How did Bob do in the exams this time?

—Well, his father seems ____ with his results.

A. pleasing B. please C. pleased D. to please