非谓语动词 不定式

（四）作定语

1. 动词不定式作定语 放在所修饰的名词或代词后，与所修饰的名词有如下关系 （1）动宾关系

I have a basketball game to attend. (attend a basketball game) 注意

①不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词或代词如果是不定式动作的地点，工具等时，不定式后面需有相应的介词。

eg. The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about.

但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time place 或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。

eg. The poor girl had no money and no place to live (in).

②如果不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可以用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。 比较：

Have you got anything to send? 你有什么东西要寄么？

（不定式 to sent 的动作执行者是“你”）

Have you got anything to be sent? 你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西么？

（不定式to be sent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”） （2）不定式说明所修饰动词的内容

eg. We have made a plan to finish the work. （3）被修饰词名词是不定式的逻辑主语 eg. He is the first to get there. （4）不定式表将来

eg. The car to be bought is for his sister.

（5）用来修饰被序数词，最高级或no、all、any等限定的中心词，且与中心词为逻辑上的主动关系。

eg. He was the best man to do the job.

She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. We have no time to waste.

（6）被修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability chance idea fact excuse promise attempt belief way reason moment time等

eg. Do you have the ability to read and write in English? I have no chance to go sightseeing. 训练：

1.The house is not big enough for us all_______. A. to live in B. to be lived in C. to live D. for living in 2. Would you please pass me the knife _______?

A. to cut the fruit with B. to cut the fruit C. cutting the fruit D. cutting the fruit with

3.I have something important to say. please find a piece of paper （写上）____________.